Future of biofuel

Biofuel is fuel for the future. It makes a country fuel independent as well as technologically advanced with good environment. Be energy efficient. Prepare to conserve and be safe.

1. FUTURE OF BIOFUEL Fuel for future Barsha Bharati M . Sc biotechnology

2. General Outline of Presentation

3. CONTENTS OF FUTURISM

4. What is Biofuel? A  biofuel  is defined as any fuel whose energy is obtained through a process of biological carbon fixation. Biological carbon fixation: A carbon fixation that converts carbon dioxide into organic molecule found in a living organism. If any of those organic molecules can be used to provide energy in a mechanical setting, we call it a fuel . A ny hydrocarbon fuel that is produced from organic matter (living or once living material) in a short period of time (days, weeks, or even months) is considered as biofuel. This contrasts with fossil fuels, which take millions of years to form and with other types of fuel which are not based on hydrocarbons (nuclear fission, for instance).

5. Pioneers

6. The Generations of biofuel

7. Biofuel Production

8. USES: Transportations Power generation Heat Advantages and Disadvantages Availability Environment Friendly Less spills and surface contsamination Less sulphur and atmospheric contamination Reduce some green house gas emission Energy independence to a country Regional suitability Food security Land use changes Monoculture, genetic engineering, biodiversity Also contribute to global warming

9. Research by Institutions

10. Everything from vegetable oil to coffee grounds to exotic plants like Jatropha can be used to produce biodiesel. As long as the plant produces triglycerides (fats and oils), it can be used to produce biodiesel. Bioethanol is produced from things like corn, sugarcane, and the non-edible parts of plants. The latter feedstock leads to the production of cellulosic ethanol .

11. Major Producers by region Region Fuel Production (liters) Major Feedstock Europe 10 Billion Corn/Soybean North America 40 Billion Corn/Soybean South America 25 Billion Corn/Sugar Cane Africa (including Middle East) 2 Billion Animal Dung/ Jatropha Australia/ Asia 4 Billion Palm Oil TOTAL ~81 Billion Corn

12. Region Biodiesel Production (liters) Major Feedstock Europe 7 Billion Canola/Soybean/Barley North America 3 Billion Soybean South America 4 Billion Castor bean/Sunflower Africa (including Middle East) Limited Limited Australia/ Asia 1 Billion Soybean/Jatropha/used cooking oil/Coconut/Palm TOTAL 15 Billion  

13. Companies producing Biofuels Algenol , United States Blue Marble Energy, United States Chemrec , Sweden DuPont Danisco , United States Fujian Zhongde Energy Co., Ltd, China Gushan Environmental Energy, China PetroSun , United States

14. Indian companies Universal biofuel pvt ltd, Hyderabad Indian bioenergy, Bangalore Shirke Biofuels, Pune Emami Biotech ltd, Kolkata Bharat Renewable Energy Limited, lucknow

15. Current trends: Most gasoline and diesel fuels in North America and Europe are blended with biofuel. Biodiesl accounts for about 3% of the German market and 0.15% of the U.S. market. About 1 billion gallons of biodiesel are produced annually. Bioethanol is more popular in the Americas while biodiesel is more popular in Europe. The U.S. and Brazil produce 87% of the world's fuel ethanol. More than 22 billion gallons of fuel ethanol are produced each year. Ethanol is added to gasoline to improve octane and reduce emissions. Biodiesel is added to petroleum-based diesel to reduce emissions and improve engine life. Concerns about the global price of food have resulted in many nations revising (downward) plans for biofuel production and use Biofuels, like fossil fuels, come in a number of forms and meet a number of different energy needs. The class of biofuels is subdivided into two generations, each of which contains a number of different fuels that will be explored in this article

16. United Nations International Biofuels Forum (IBF) If the biofuel industry could be said to have a single guiding body, it would have to be the U.N. International Biofuels Forum (IBF). The IBF was formed in 2007 to facilitate the sharing of information between biofuel producers and to link producers and consumers. It was recognized early on that biofuels would become a major commodity in the energy sector and that facilitating their development in a responsible way would have benefit for all segments of society. Member Countries Brazil China India South Africa United States European Commision

17. A hope #Vision 2050 Promote the sustained production and use of biofuels Link countries with agricultural potential to countries with production capacity and technology Promote environmentally responsible biofuel production Set industry standards Biodiesel standards and ratings vary dramatically from region to region Develop joint measurement standards Share technical expertise and facilitate partnerships

18. We will explore biofuels in more depth. For now keep an open mind and consider that there is no magic bullet when it comes to meet our energy needs. Good energy policies should include being observant , being patient, avoid knee jerk reactions and relying on good science to guide our decisions. Fuel for future THANK YOU

19. References: Biofuel.org.uk Biofuels and their co products as live stock feed, global economic and environmental implications, Jozsefz et al. PMC- 2016 Microalgae as sustainable, Renewable energy feed stock for biofuel production, Srikanth et al. PMC4385614- 2015 Next generation biofuel engineering in prokaryotes, luisa eta al. 2013