G2-PROPOSAL RESEARCH STEM SHS12. SAWDUST INFUSED BLOCKS

Research stem

1. Proposal Defense ISUC-SHS Presented by Group 2

2. SAWDUST INFUSED HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCKS ISUC-SHS Presented by Group 2

3. ISUC-SHS | 2024 INTRODUCTION 2 The development movement increases demand for essential building materials like sand because of a scarcity of natural resources. The purpose of the sawdust infused concrete is to lessen sawdust waste, which has the potential to protect the environment in the long run. Nowadays, researchers are exploring ways to reuse waste materials for construction. One promising idea is to use sawdust as an additive to hollow concrete blocks.

4. ISUC-SHS | 2024 INTRODUCTION 3 Sawdust, a natural fiber derived from softwoods, can serve as a fine filler. It's produced as a by-product when wood is cut with a saw. This study aims to address environmental issues by improving recycling methods. By incorporating sawdust into concrete production, the study promotes the recycling and reuse of this waste material, diverting it from landfills and reducing the need for new raw materials.

5. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1.What are the characteristics of sawdust infused concrete in terms of: a.Compressive strength b.Durability c.Density 2. Is there a significant difference between sawdust infused concrete and traditional hollow blocks in terms of: a.Compressive strength b.Durability c.Density ISUC-SHS 4

6. ISUC-SHS| 2024 6 HYPOTHESIS There is a significant difference between the sawdust infused hollow blocks and the traditional hollow blocks.

7. LITERARY REVIEW 1 A study by Abarca, Linbert Aaron, and colleagues explored using banana peels to create bio-briquette charcoal for household heating. They processed the peels through washing, drying, and pyrolyzing in a drum dryer furnace to convert them into charcoal. The resulting charcoal was then crushed, ground, and combined with mud as a binder to form briquettes. Different combinations of carbonized banana peels and binder were tested. The study found that these bio-briquettes, made from banana peel waste biomass, offer a practical and viable energy source, especially in rural areas. This research showcases the potential of agricultural waste utilization for sustainable energy production, contributing to environmental preservation and rural development. ISUC-SHS | 2024 7

8. LITERARY REVIEW 2 A study conducted by Nagle (2011) showed that fruit residuals have high energy content. Results showed a mean waste-moisture content of 35% - 75% wb, ash contents of 2.2 - 7.1 wt. % db and a high volatile-matter content of 67 - 73 wt. % db, with heating values found to range between 18.3 - 19.3 MJ/kg. Faraco (2011) determined that residues from cereal crops, olive tree, tomato and provided abundant lignocellulosic waste, which can be considered as potential raw material for large-scale ethanol production. ISUC-SHS | 2024 8

9. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 10

10. METHODOLOGY 10

11. DESIGN AND TREATMENTS 10 Experimental design Four treatments with 3 replications B1 – standard commercial hollow blocks B2 – 5% of Grinded sawdust with 95% of Hollow Blocks main components B3 – 3% of Grinded sawdust with 97% of Hollow Blocks main components B4 – 1% of Grinded sawdust with 99% of Hollow Blocks main components

12. MATERIALS 10 The materials used were saw-dust ash (SDA), ordinary cement, sand and water. The researchers will also use shovel, hollow blocks molder with a size of 4 inches (200mm x 100mm x 400mm) andweighing scale to measure the ratio of each block.

13. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 10 In the experimental process of making sawdust-infused hollow blocks, we prepared cement, sand, gravel, and sawdust ash, ensuring proper drying. Components were weighed as per treatment ratios. Mixing involved combining cement, sand, and gravel, adding water for consistency. For varying treatments, sawdust ash was added at different percentages. The mixture was compacted into molds, allowed to dry for 24 hours, and then subjected to a 14-day curing process by sprinkling with water five times daily.

14. ISUC-SHS | 2024 TESTING 3 Compressive Strength Testing A compressive strength test will be carried out to determine the load bearing capacity of the blocks using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM) after 14 days of curing. The product will be brought to the Department of Public Works and Highways – Isabela 1st District Engineering Office, Region Office II, City of Ilagan, Isabela for evaluation and testing. Density Testing The density of a block will be determined by dividing the weight of the block prior to crushing, with the net volume. The samples were gradually brought to room temperature and their weights were recorded.

15. ISUC-SHS | 2024 DATA GATHERING 3 Data for the study will be gathered using Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB) Observation Worksheets Additionally, density will be calculated using the recorded weight and volume of the blocks after the curing period. Overall conclusions will be drawn based on the average values and their descriptive equivalents.

16. ISUC-SHS | 2024 DATA ANALYSIS 3 Compressive/Flexural Strength (Mpa)   Descriptive Equivalent 2.45-4.44 Standard 0.45 -2.44 Below Standard

17. ISUC-SHS | 2024 STATISTICAL TOOL 3 One-Way ANOVA Tukey’S HSD Test

18. THANK YOU Presented By : Group 2 iSUC-SHS | 2024