Gandhinagar- Town Planning

INTRODUCTION

COORDINATES - 23.22 ON 72.680 E ELEVATION - 265 feet (81 m)*

LOCATED 23 KM NORTH OF AHEMDABAD (FIN CAP. OF GUJARAT)

PLANNED IN 1960S BY, PRAKASH M APTE & H. K. MEWADA,

AFTER PARTITION OF BOMBAY * STATE : AHEMDABAD WAS MADE AS THE CAPTAL OFGUJARAT
AREA TOTAL 177KM2 ELEVATION : 8IM ( 266 FT)

POPULATION (2011)
TOTAL: 206,167 DENSITY : 1,200/KM2

CLIMATE*
TROPICAL WET AND DRY CLIMATE•
SUMMER MAXIMUM - 36 to 42 °C MINIMUM - 19 to 27 C
WINTER MAXIMUM - 29 C MINIMUM - 14°C
MONSOON: THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL IS AROUND 803.4 MM

LANGUAGES
GUJARATI, HINDI, AND ENGLISH• 54% GREEN COVER ON ITS LAND AREA

• THE CITY SITS ON THE BANKS OF THE SABARMATI RIVER, IN NORTH-CENTRALEAST GUJARAT

HISTORY

IN 1960, THE INDIAN STATE OF BOMBAY WAS SPLIT INTO TWO STATES, MAHARASHTRA AND GUJARAT LEAVING GUJARAT WITHOUT A CAPITAL CITY.

AT THE TIME AHMEDABAD WAS SELECTED TO BE THE FIRST CAPITAL OF THE NEWLY CREATED STATE.

• IT WAS LATER PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL CITY BE CONSTRUCTED FOR THE STATE.

• GANDHINAGAR GOT AN IDENTITY OF ITS OWN WHEN THE STATE OF MUMBAI WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE STATES OF GUJARAT AND MAHARASHTRA.

• IN THE BEGINNING, AHMEDABAD - A COMMERCIAL HUB OF GUJARAT WAS CHOSEN AS THE STATE CAPITAL AND IT WAS PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED ALONG THE LINE OF OTHER NEW STATE CAPITALS, PARTICULARLY CHANDIGARH

• THEREFORE TWO WELL-KNOWN INDIAN ARCHITECTS, H.K. MEWADA AND PRAKASH M. APTE (WHO WORKED AS BEGINNER FOR THE CHANDIGARH CITY) DESIGNED THE NEW STATE CAPITAL*

NAMED AFTER MAHATMA GANDHI THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THIS CITY WAS LAID ON 1965 AND IN 1971 THE CAPITAL WAS SHIFTED FROM AHMEDABAD TO GANDHINAGAR
PLANNING

• PLANNED AND IMPLEMENTED BETWEEN 1965-1970

• DETERMINATION TO MAKE GANDHINAGAR A PURELY INDIAN ENTERPRISE, PARTLY BECAUSE GUJARAT WAS THE BIRTHPLACE OF GANDHI.


• TO ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN A SEPARATE IDENTITY FOR THE NEW CITY THE SURROUNDING AREA OF ABOUT 39 VILLAGES WAS BROUGHT UNDER A PERIPHERY CONTROL ACT (AS IN CHANDIGARH)

• THE AREA LATER CONSTITUTED A SEPARATE ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT OF GANDHINAGAR.

• THE CITY WAS PLANNED FOR A POPULATION OF 150,000 BUT CAN ACCOMMODATE DOUBLE THAT POPULATION WITH INCREASE IN THE FLOOR SPACE RATIO FROM 1 TO 2 IN THE AREAS RESERVED FOR PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT.

• THE RIVER BEING THE BORDER ON THE EAST, AND THE INDUSTRIAL AREA TO THE NORTH, THE MOST LOGICAL FUTURE PHYSICAL EXPANSION OF THE CITY WAS ENVISAGED TOWARDS THE NORTH-WEST

1. HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AND TOWN PLANNING GANDHINAGAR

2. INTRODUCTION COORDINATES - 23.22 ON 72.680 E ELEVATION - 265 feet (81 m)* LOCATED 23 KM NORTH OF AHEMDABAD (FIN CAP. OF GUJARAT) PLANNED IN 1960S BY, PRAKASH M APTE & H. K. MEWADA, AFTER PARTITION OF BOMBAY * STATE : AHEMDABAD WAS MADE AS THE CAPTAL OFGUJARAT AREA TOTAL 177KM2 ELEVATION : 8IM ( 266 FT) POPULATION (2011) TOTAL: 206,167 DENSITY : 1,200/KM2 CLIMATE* TROPICAL WET AND DRY CLIMATE• SUMMER MAXIMUM - 36 to 42 °C MINIMUM - 19 to 27 C WINTER MAXIMUM - 29 C MINIMUM - 14°C MONSOON: THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL IS AROUND 803.4 MM LANGUAGES GUJARATI, HINDI, AND ENGLISH• 54% GREEN COVER ON ITS LAND AREA • THE CITY SITS ON THE BANKS OF THE SABARMATI RIVER, IN NORTH-CENTRALEAST GUJARAT

3. HISTORY IN 1960, THE INDIAN STATE OF BOMBAY WAS SPLIT INTO TWO STATES, MAHARASHTRA AND GUJARAT LEAVING GUJARAT WITHOUT A CAPITAL CITY. AT THE TIME AHMEDABAD WAS SELECTED TO BE THE FIRST CAPITAL OF THE NEWLY CREATED STATE. • IT WAS LATER PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL CITY BE CONSTRUCTED FOR THE STATE. • GANDHINAGAR GOT AN IDENTITY OF ITS OWN WHEN THE STATE OF MUMBAI WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE STATES OF GUJARAT AND MAHARASHTRA. • IN THE BEGINNING, AHMEDABAD - A COMMERCIAL HUB OF GUJARAT WAS CHOSEN AS THE STATE CAPITAL AND IT WAS PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED ALONG THE LINE OF OTHER NEW STATE CAPITALS, PARTICULARLY CHANDIGARH • THEREFORE TWO WELL-KNOWN INDIAN ARCHITECTS, H.K. MEWADA AND PRAKASH M. APTE (WHO WORKED AS BEGINNER FOR THE CHANDIGARH CITY) DESIGNED THE NEW STATE CAPITAL* NAMED AFTER MAHATMA GANDHI THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THIS CITY WAS LAID ON 1965 AND IN 1971 THE CAPITAL WAS SHIFTED FROM AHMEDABAD TO GANDHINAGAR

4. PLANNING • PLANNED AND IMPLEMENTED BETWEEN 1965-1970 • DETERMINATION TO MAKE GANDHINAGAR A PURELY INDIAN ENTERPRISE, PARTLY BECAUSE GUJARAT WAS THE BIRTHPLACE OF GANDHI. • TO ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN A SEPARATE IDENTITY FOR THE NEW CITY THE SURROUNDING AREA OF ABOUT 39 VILLAGES WAS BROUGHT UNDER A PERIPHERY CONTROL ACT (AS IN CHANDIGARH) • THE AREA LATER CONSTITUTED A SEPARATE ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT OF GANDHINAGAR. • THE CITY WAS PLANNED FOR A POPULATION OF 150,000 BUT CAN ACCOMMODATE DOUBLE THAT POPULATION WITH INCREASE IN THE FLOOR SPACE RATIO FROM 1 TO 2 IN THE AREAS RESERVED FOR PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT. • THE RIVER BEING THE BORDER ON THE EAST, AND THE INDUSTRIAL AREA TO THE NORTH, THE MOST LOGICAL FUTURE PHYSICAL EXPANSION OF THE CITY WAS ENVISAGED TOWARDS THE NORTH-WEST

5. CHARACTERISTICS • MEWADA, AND APTE HAD WORKED AS TRAINEES UNDER LEGENDARY ARCHITECT LE RBUSIER IN CHANDIGARH PROJECT IN THE 1950S. • GANDHINAGAR'S STREETS ARE NUMBERED (EG. ROAD NO. 1, ROAD NO. 2 UPTO ROAD NO. 7) • CROSS STREETS NAMED FOR LETTERS OF THE GUJARATI ALPHABET • ALL STREETS ARE ALIGNED AT 30 DEG. N-W AND 60 DEG. N-E, TO AVOID DIRECT GLARE OF MORNING AND EVENING SUN WHILE DRIVING • THERE ARE 30 SECTORS EACH OF 1KM X 0.75KM THE GUJARAT ASSEMBLY BUILDING IS IN THE CENTRE OF THE CITY TO MAKE IT CLOSE TO ALL THE RESIDENTS

6. LINKAGES AND CONNECTIVITY NATIONAL HIGHWAY (NH) 8 AND AC RUNS THROUGH THEDISTRICT CONNECTING IT WITH MAJOR CITIES (20 km from city CONNECTED WITH AHMEDABAD BY THE SARKHER GANDHINAGAR HIGHWAY (28 KM AND WITH VADODARA BY THE AHMEDABAD-VADODARA EXPRESSWAY (130 KM) DISTANCE FROM MAJOR INDUSTRIAL CENTRES IN THE STATE: RAJKOT (249 KM) JAMNAGAR (837 KM) 6 VALSAD(373 KM) ANKLESHWAR (223 KM) BHAVNAGAR (228 KM) MEHSANA (68 KM) SURAT (306 KM) DISTANCE FROM MAJOR CITIES IN INDIA: MUMBAI (573 KM) DELHI (043 KM) KOLKATA (19re KM) CHENNAI (1851 KM)

7. DIFFERENT PHASES OF PLANNING PHASE 1 :AFTER THE CITY'S INFRASTRUCTURE WAS COMPLETED IN1970. AND UNTIL 1980, IT WAS KNOWN AS GANDHIAN CITY, SINCE ITWAS BASED ON GANDHIS CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES, PHASE 2 :BETWEEN 1980 AND 1990, A TIME OF LOW POLLUTION, IT WAS KNOWN AS UNPOLLUTED CITY PHASE 3:AFTER 1990, MANY TREES WERE PLANTED, AND THE CITY BECAME THE GREEN CITY PHASE4: IN 2002. GUJRAT K CHIEF MINISTER. NARENDRA MODE PROPOSED ANEW, TRIPLE FOCUS FOR THE CITY, IT SHOULD BE GREEN. SHOULD USE SOLAR ENERGY, AND IT SHOULD BE COSMOPOLITAN

8. NODE HIERARCHY THE DIFFERENT NODES ACCORDING TO THEIR ACTIVITY AND THE STREET LENGTH COUNTERPARTS (LONGER STREETS WILL HAVE MORE IMAGEABLE NODES) SHOWA HIERARCHY OF NODES IN AHMEDABAD WHEREAS GANDHINAGAR IS UNIFORM HIERARCHY THE MAPS PLOTTING THE HIERARCHICAL VARIANCES OF STREET LENGTHS IN AHMEDABAD ARE MUCH WIDER AS OPPOSED TO THE GAUSSIAN SIMPLISTIC GEOMETRIC PATTERN IN GANDHINAGAR. THUS AS A DIRECT CONSEQUENCE GANDHINAGAR LACKS THE LIFE AND MEMORABILITY DUE TO ITS LACK OF COMPLEXITY AND INTERCONNECTION

9. ROAD PATTERNS • THE MAJOR FACTOR WHICH CREATES TRAFFIC PROBLEMS IN OUR COUNTRY IS THE MIXTURE OF SLOW AND FASTOMPLETE SEGREGATION OF THE TWO IS ACHIEVED BY A TRAFFIC SYSTEM ENSURING RELATIVELY SAFER AND SWIFTER PASSAGE FOR BOTH. • THE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF A GRID (1 KM. X 0.75 KM.) OF MOTOR ROADS AND ANOTHER GRID (1 KM. X 0.75 KM.) OF CYCLE PEDESTRIAN WAYS SUPERIMPOSED ON EACH OTHER SO THAT EACH RESIDENTIAL COMMUNITY IS SERVED BY MOTOR ROADS ON THE PERIPHERY AND CYCLE WAYS WITHIN ITS ORIENTATION OF ROADS. • THE MAIN TOWN ROADS HAVE BEEN SO ORIENTEDAS TO BE HELPFUL IN ORIENTING THE VARIOUSBUILDINGS CORRECTLY WITH RESPECT TO LIGHT ANDAIR VENTILATION. • THE ALIGNMENTOF THE DISTRIBUTOR ROAD WITHIN THE SECTORS IS TAKEN IN SUCH A WAY THATIT FACILITATES TO ORIENT THE RESIDENTIAL QUARTERS IN A CORRECT MANNER. • PRACTICALLY IN ALL THE SECTORS, NEARLY 60% OF THE RESIDENTIAL QUARTERS HAVE BEEN CORRECTLY ORIENTED WITH REFERENCE TO LIGHT AIR AND VENTILATION.

10. HIERARCHY OF OPEN SPACES AND DWELLING UNITS

11. SCAPE FOR INFORMAL SECTOR FORMAL OPEN SCAPES

12. COMPARISON BETWEEN THE ORIGINAL PLAN AND NEW PLAN • CONSCIOUSLY DESIGNED ANDPLANNED AXIALLY BASED ON EGALITARIAN AND GANDHIAN ETHOS. THE RE-PLANNING OF GANDHINAGAR BY THE CONSULTANTS OF GANDHINAGAR URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (GUDA) HAS OBLITERATED ITS IDENTITY AS A CAPITAL CITY. • UNBRIDLED CAPITALISM HAS LED TO ITS DEBASEMENT AND INORGANIC EXTENSION RESULTING IN GANDHINAGAR BECOMING JUST ANOTHER SUBURB OF AHMEDABAD.

13. ISSUES AND MISUSAGE MAJOR AREA FOR CULTURAL FACILITIES, IN THE CITY SQUARE IN SECTOR 17 OF THE CITY CENTRE IS PROPOSED TO E CONVERTED TO COMMERCIAL USE. KILLING GUJARATS TRADITIONAL CONCEPT OF A'CITY SQUARE & DESTROYING A MAJOR ELEMENT OF URBAN DESIGN OF THE NEW CAPITAL CITY AN AREA ALONG ROAD ALONG THE RIVER SABARMATI) ACROSS SECTOR O COVERED BY RAVINES, WAS PROPOSED FOR CONSERVATION AS AN ADVENTURE PARK. IT IS NOW DESIGNATED BY THE CONSULTANTS FOR RESIDENTIAL. TAKING AWAY A UNIQUE RECREATIONAL FACILITY THE OPEN SPACES AT THE JUNCTIONS OF ALL. MAIN ROADS OF THE CITY. LEFT OPEN IN THE ORIGINAL. PLAN TO IMPROVE ROAD GEOMETRICS IN FUTURE, ORNAMENTAL. LANDSCAPING ROAD SIGNAGE, GUIDE MAPS ETC ARE PROPOSED TO BE TILLED UP WITH ROADSIDE PETTY SHOPS & HUTMENTS FOR THE IMMIGRANTS GIVING THE CITY A SLUM LIKE LOOK TRAFFIC ISSUES • NO DEDICATED CYCLE TRACKS BUT WERE PART OF THE 1905 SIASTER PLAN WITH BRICK SURFACE AND NOW HAS BEEN ENCROACHED BY ROOTS FOR MOTORIZED TRAFFIC,NO TRAFFIC SIGNALS IN MOST ROAD INTERSECTIONS IN CITY HAVE ROUNDABOUT WHICH SHOWS THE TRAFFIC BUT DOESNTSTOP IN THE CASE OF TRAFFIC LIGHT

14. THANK YOU SUBMITTED BY J.KARTHEEKCHANDRA(31810610107) M. PREETHI NAIDU(318106101013)