gasolinesafety for fueling and refueling procedure.ppt

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1. Gasoline-Related Injuries
and How to Prevent Them

2. Gasoline Safety
Preventing Gasoline-Related Injuries
Developed by:
American Burn Association
Burn Prevention Committee
Funded by:
United States Fire Administration/
Federal Emergency Management Agency

3. Gasoline Safety
Fire and Burn Death and Injury
Deaths
4,000 deaths a year
from fire and burns
Injuries
25,000 hospitalized in burn centers
600,000 burn injuries treated at hospital ED’s
(Sources:National Fire Protection Association,
National Center for Health Statistics)

4. Gasoline Safety
What We Should Know About Gasoline
Dangers of gasoline and related products
The proper use of gasoline
Preventing gasoline injury
Immediate injury treatment

5. Gasoline Safety
The Impact of Gasoline Fires and Injuries
500 fire deaths
Several thousand injuries
treated at hospitals
6,000+ home fires
$450M+ property damage
Sources: National Center for Health Statistics
National Fire Protection Association

6. Gasoline Safety
Gasoline’s ONLY Proper Use is…
… TO POWER ENGINES
Gasoline-powered Engines
Require a Constant Explosionof Fuel

7. Gasoline Safety
Gasoline Should Never Be Used as….
–An accelerant (to a cooking grill or any fire)
–A solvent
–A cleaning solution
–A weed or insect killer
–A mind-altering substance
–A fuel in devices designed for kerosene

8. Gasoline Safety
Usual Initial Source of a Gasoline Explosion
“It’s the vapor”

9. Gasoline Safety
Flammable Liquid/Gas Danger Factors
Flash Point
Vapor Density
Flammable Range
Accessibility

10. Gasoline Safety
Danger Factor #1: Flash Point
Definition:
The temperature at which a product releases vapors
that can explode and burn. The lower the flash point,
the greater the danger.
Flammable: Vapors are released that can explode
and burn at temperatures below 100°F (38°C)
Combustible: No ignitable vapors are released at
temperatures below 100°F (38°C)

11. Gasoline Safety
Flash Points of Common Liquids and Gases
Product Flash Point
Flammable Propane -156°F
Gasoline -45°F
Turpentine 95°F
Combustible Kerosene 100°F
Paint Thinner 105°F
Diesel Fuel 125°F
Safety Solvents 100-140°F

12. Gasoline Safety
Danger Factor #2: Vapor Density
Definition:The ratio of a product’s vapor
to the density of air. (Air = 1)
Product Flash Point Vapor Density
Propane -156° 1.56 (at 329°F)
Gasoline -45°F 3 to 4
Turpentine 95°F 4.8
Kerosene 100°F 4.5
Safety solvent 100-140°F 4.8
Paint thinner 105°F 4.9

13. Gasoline Safety
Danger Factor #3: Flammable Range
Definition:
The range of concentration of a gas or vapor in
air, between its lower and upper explosive
limits, that will burn if ignited.
Beyond this range, products are too lean or too
rich for their vapors to ignite
Gasoline has a high flammable range
(Lower Explosive Limit=1.4 Upper Explosive Limit=7.6)

14. Gasoline Safety
Gasoline-Related Injuries Occur…
In outdoor recreation
On the job
In and around the
household

15. Gasoline Safety
MostGasoline-Related Injuries Occur…
In and around the household
Improper storage or
handling
Misuse as cleaning liquid,
heater fuel, etc.

16. Gasoline Safety
Gasoline Vapor Risk Factors Combine Indoors
Low flash point (more ignition sources)
High density (vapors descend to floor)
Wide flammable range (less ventilation)

17. Gasoline Safety
High Risk Areas for Gasoline Vapor Ignition
Basements and Closed Garages
-Most likely areas for gasoline storage and use
-May have little air movement
-May contain ignition sources

18. Gasoline Safety
Potential Gasoline Vapor Ignition Sources
Smoking items
(cigarettes and lighters)
Heater and furnace pilot
lights
Refrigerators and freezers
(motors may spark when
activated by thermostats)

19. Gasoline Safety
What Other Liquids and Gases
Can Be Dangerous?
Propane
Kerosene
Turpentine
Ethanol
(grain alcohol)
Methanol
(wood alcohol)

20. Gasoline Safety
Kerosene Heater Dangers
Mistaken use of gasoline as fuel
Contact or scald injury to young children
Combustion of papers placed nearby
Ignition of carpets or rugs if saturated
from frequent spills

21. Gasoline Safety
Other Household Products
Subject to Ignition
Under Certain Conditions
Products
Turpentine and other paint thinners
Solvents
Tile Adhesive
Conditions
When the vapor of a large amount of exposed
liquid or solid product comes into contact with a
spark or other flame source

22. Gasoline Safety
Propane and Gas Grill Safety
Store propane bottles in well
ventilated areas away from
house, potential flame sources
Check all connections frequently
Keep lid open when starting grill
Open valve only 1/4 to 1/2 turn
before lighting
Keep valve closed when not in
use

23. Gasoline Safety
Charcoal Grills: Safe Lighting Procedure
Use only approved lighter/starter fluids
Use mitt when lighting coals
After soaking the coals with starter fluid
–Wait a minute before lighting
–Allow vapors to dissipate

24. Gasoline Safety
Charcoal Grills: Cooking and Extinguishing
Keep children away
Never add starter fluid
to warm or hot coals
Keep a water supply handy
in case of a fire emergency
When extinguishing coals,
use ample water

25. Gasoline Safety
How Can Gasoline-related Burns
Be Prevented?
Proper Use
Proper Storage
Proper Fueling Practice
Proper Transportation

26. Gasoline Safety
How Should Gasoline Be Stored?
In an approved portable container
In a small quantity
Away from the house
or mobile home
In a cool, well-ventilated area
With a Class B
fire extinguisher handy
Inaccessible to children

27. Gasoline Safety
An Approved Gasoline Container …
Is:
–Bright red
–Labeled “GASOLINE”
–Small enough to carry
Has:
–Two tight-fitting caps
–The seal of a standards organization

28. Gasoline Safety
How Should
Portable Gasoline Containers Be Filled?
Place the container on the ground
At least 5 feet from engine or power
equipment
Keep dispensing nozzle in contact with
lip of container or fuel tank fill tube
Fill slowly
Do not fill to capacity

29. Gasoline Safety
How Should You Transport Gasoline?
Use approved container
Wipe off any gas spilled on container
Secure to prevent sliding, tipping in
vehicle
Keep filled container in shade
Transport filled containers only for short
distances

30. Gasoline Safety
What is “Huffing”?
A frequent form of solvent abuse
Can result in:
–Euphoria
–Unsteady walk
–Confusion
–Long-term physical damage

31. Gasoline Safety
Why is Huffing with Gasoline
Especially Dangerous?
Gasoline can spill on clothing
Cigarette or other flame source may
ignite gas vapors or saturated clothing
Compromised “huffer” may be unable to
extinguish or escape flames

32. Gasoline Safety
Other Forms of Gasoline Exposure
that Present Health Risks
Skin Contact
Eye Exposure
Lung Exposure
Swallowing
Extensive exposure can affect
the entire body system

33. Gasoline Safety
First Aid for Gasoline Exposure
Move victim to fresh air
Remove affected clothing, shoes, jewelry
Flush 20-30 minutes with running water
Eyes: Blot chemical and flush with water
DO NOT induce vomiting; provide water
Call 9-1-1 and the National Poison Control
Center at 1-800-222-1222

34. Gasoline Safety
First Aid for Gasoline Flame Burns
Protect yourself from similar injury
Remove victim from flame source
Stop burning process by smothering flames
Remove burned clothing that does not stick to the body
Cool body with running water
Cover victim with clean sheet or blanket
Call 9-1-1
Keep gasoline-saturated clothing and belongings
away from ignition sources

35. Gasoline Safety
In Summary….
Gasoline’s only purpose is to fuel engines
Storing gasoline in the house is dangerous
Handle, store and transport gasoline safely
Wash off or flush gasoline quickly if skin or
eyes are exposed to gasoline
For flame injuries, follow first aid guidelines

36. Conclusion
Gasoline-Related Burns Are Preventable!