Gastric Ulcer

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1. Fatima Al-Awadh Gastric Ulcer

2. The stomach is the first intra-abdominal part of the gastrointestinal Tract. It is a muscular, highly vascular bag-shaped organ. The stomach lies in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Introduction

3. Objectives Mention the anatomy and histology of the stomach. Define and display the morphology of gastric ulcer. Mention the risk factors & causes of gastric ulcer. Explain the pathophysiology of gastric ulcer.

4. Pylorus Pyloric canal Anatomy of the stomach Fundus Cardia Body Pyloric antrum Greater curvature Lesser curvature Esophagus Duodenum

5. Histology of the stomach Gastric pits Gastric glands Muscularis mucosa Blood vessels Oblique muscle layer Circular muscle layer Longitudinal muscle layer Connective tissue layer Visceral peritunium Mucosa Sub-mucosa Muscularis Serosa

6. Ulcers An ulcer is a medical condition caused by a break in a bodily membrane . Common forms of ulcers include :

7. Gastric ulcer A break in the normal tissue that lines the stomach. A type of peptic ulcers.

8. Morphology Gastric peptic ulcers are predominantly located near the interface of the body and antrum .

9. Statistics per 100,000 inhabitant   no data    less than 20 20-80    80-140    140-200    more than 200

10. Risk Factors

11. Pathophysiology 1. Aggressive factor H. Pylori NSAIDs; Aspirin Corticosteroids Alcohol abuse Cigarette smoking

12. Pathophysiology 2. Increased gastric acidity Cl H K Cl Na Cl Cl H Cl H K Cl K Cl Na Cl Na Cl

13. The increasing acidity Increase in the process pepsinogen → pepsin rate Activation

14. Pathophysiology 3. Impaired defenses

15. Pathophysiology 4 . Gastric ulcer Some cells die due to ↑ digestive enzymes and ↓ defense in the stomach.

16. Pathophysiology 4. Gastric ulcer

17. References Clinically Ordinated Anatomy, 6 th ed. Pg233,Figure2.37.B. Anatomy of the stomach http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/68634/Structures-of-the-human-stomach-The-stomach-has-three-layers Histology of the stomach http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcer Definition and types of ulcer http://ak47boyz90.wordpress.com/2010/09/02/l5-patho-peptic-ulcer-disease/ Morphology \http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/who_gets_peptic_ulcers_000019_5.htm Risk factors \http://www.histopathology-india.net/PepUlc.htm Pathophysiology