Gastric ulcer

Ulcers and types of ulcers, symptoms

1. GASTRIC ULCER Marva MBBS 3

2. INTRODUCTION Ulcer An ulcer is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane that impedes the organ of which that membrane is a part from continuing its normal functions.

3. Types of Ulcers Peptic ulcer Esophageal ulcer Duodenal ulcer Gastric ulcer Pressure ulcer Genital ulcer Ulcerative dermatitis Anal fissure

4. Peptic Ulcer ■ Also known as “peptic ulcer disease” (PUD)

Peptic ulcer is a break in the lining of the stomach, first part of the small intestine, or occasionally the lower esophagus .

5. Occurrence of peptic ulcer (Cont.) Duodenal ulcers are four times more common than gastric ulcers . Mortality rates from peptic ulcer are low High prevalence O ne of several upper GIT diseases that is caused,partially , by gastric acid Wide range of symptoms

6. Symptoms Abdominal pain
Located in epigastric area
Burning in quality
Occur on an empty stomach 2-4 hours after meal or at night (nocturnal pain)
Relieved by antacids
Tend to wax and wane over months

7. Symptoms (Cont.) Perforations Blotting and abdominal fullness Nausea and vomiting Loss of appetite (because of pain ) Weight loss Stomach obstruction Heartburn Hematemesis Melena Deep tenderness

8. TYPES OF PEPTIC ULCER

9. Cont.... Acute Peptic Ulcers. Cushing ulcer Curling ulcer Chronic Peptic Ulcera . Du odenal ulcer Gastric ulcerc . Esophageal ulcerd Bleeding ulcer . Refractory ulcer

10. Acute (Stress) Peptic Ulcer Cushing Ulcer Gastric, duodenal or esophageal ulcer arising in patients with intercranial injury or operation Curling Ulcer Occuring mosty in the proximal duodenum and associated with severe burns and trauma

11. Chronic Peptic Ulcer Gastric Ulcer

A gastric ulcer is a sore that is on the inside of the stomach

Causes

■ Infection with Helicobacter pylori

NSAIDs (e.g. Aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac)

12. Chronic Peptic Ulcer (Cont.) Duodenal Ulcer

The peptic ulcer having a sore on the upper part of small intestine

Causes H.pylori Damaging of lining of mucosal wall

13. Chronic Peptic Ulcer (Cont.) Esophageal Ulcer

Open sores or lesions in the lining of esophagus ☐ Mostly occur in the lower end of esophagus Causes

■ Associated with bad case of chronic gastro esophageal reflux disease or GERD

14. Chronic Peptic Ulcer (Cont.) Bleeding UlcerInternal bleeding is caused by a peptic ulcer which has been left untreated. When this happens it is now referred to as bleeding ulcer■ Most dangerous type of ulcer

15. ETIOLOGY OF PEPTIC ULCER No single cause

■ End result of an imbalance between digestive fluids in stomach and duodenum

■ Most common cause of ulcer is infection with a type of bacteria called Helicobacter pylori ( H.pylori )

16. Factors that can increase the risk of ulcers Use of NSAIDs (such as aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen and many others prescription medicines; even safety-coated aspirin and aspirin in powder form can cause ulcers

▪ Excess acid production from gastrinomas ( tumors of acid-producing cells) Excessive drinking

Smoking or chewing tobacco

☐ Serious illness

■ Radiation treatment of the area

17. Ulcer Medication Proton Pump Inhibitors(PPIs) -Reduce acid level and allow ulcer to heal
These include:-
Dexlansoprazole,
Esomeprazole
Lansoprazole
Omeprazole Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole
Omeprazole/sodium bicarbonate etc.

18. PA THOGENESIS OF PEPTIC ULCER

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