GE3 TCW F2F Week 14 Global Migration.pptx

Global Migration Presentation by BSED students

1. GE3 TCW Week 14: Sociological Aspect of Globalization GLOBAL MIGRATION

2. ATTENDANCE If there will be a chance, what would be the greatest reason why you would leave the country?

3. ICE BREAKER

4. ICE BREAKER Fastest Fingers : Comment your answers on the chat box. The first Five to comment will receive 3 points per answer, per round.

5. Cities that are wealthy, powerful, influential, and have a rich economy like Paris in France, London of England, and Tokyo of Japan. Global Cities Metro Cities

6. One is considered as an attributes of a global city. Which is not? Building structures Economic power

7. Which one is an example of a global city? Dubai, UAE Yogyakarta, Indonesia

8. One is a main factor of fertility transition. Which is it? Teenage pregnancy The Decline of Mortality

9. Refers to the reduction of death rate and increase of life expectancy across the world Mortality decline Fertility Transition

10. LEARNING OUTCOMES Explain the different theories relevant to demographic transition as it affects global population Display first-hand knowledge of the experiences of OFWs.

11. TOPIC OUTLINE TOPIC 1: GLOBAL POPULATION Review: THE GLOBAL CITY GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY IN THE 21ST CENTURY

12. TOPIC OUTLINE TOPIC 2: GLOBAL MIGRATION FACTORS THAT AFFECT GLOBAL MIGRATION TRENDS AND ISSUES ON GLOBAL MIGRATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY THE FILIPINO DIASPORA

13. Review: THE GLOBAL CITY

14. GLOBAL CITY Global cities are cities that are wealthy, powerful, influential, and have a rich economy like Paris in France, London of England, and Tokyo of Japan.

15. GLOBAL CITY According to Saskia Sassen , it is a term she coined to describe cities in which a multiplicity of globalization processes assume concrete, localized forms. As she explains, these cities have become strategic sites for a whole range of new types of political, economic, and cultural powers. it can be said that most of today's major global cities are also world cities, but that there may well be some global cities today that are not world cities in the full, rich sense of that term.

16. As engines serve as the main source of power in a vehicle or any mechanical device, cities, especially global cities, serve as the engines of globalization because of the power and capability they possess to connect to other cities and start an economic development. Possessing the attributes of a global city proves that this city can participate in globalization. Globalization wouldn’t also happen if there were no cities or countries that had these attributes to help developing countries and widen their productions and supplies. These cities also provide new things, such as technology, machines, or products, that help their country, and by means of multinational companies, they are also able to share them with other countries. ANALYSIS OF HOW CITIES SERVE AS ENGINES OF GLOBALIZATION:

17. Global Dem ography IN THE 21ST CENTURY

18. Explain the different theories relevant to demographic transition as it affects global population Learning Outcomes

19. Life expectancy Total fertility rate Population size Population growth rate 1700 27 6.0 680 M 0.50 2000 65 2.7 6.97 B 1.22 2050 74 2.0 8.92 B 0.33 20xx 81 2.0 9.46 B 0.04

20. Mortality Decline - refers to the reduction of death rate and increase of life expectancy across the world due to various factors such as improved healthcare, better sanitation, and increased awareness about health and hygiene. Fertility Transition - a phenomenon that involves three centuries of fundamental change in human reproduction and population dynamics, t he decline of fertility from high levels of around six children per woman to low levels of around two children or less per woman.

21. I. The Decline of Mortality (especially infant and child mortality) - reduces the need for high fertility to ensure family survival and old-age support. III. The Diffusion of New Ideas and Values (such as individualism, secularism, and gender equality) - weaken the social norms and institutions that favor high fertility. Fertility Transition is driven by 3 Main Factors: II. The Increase of Income and Education - raises the opportunity cost of childbearing and childrearing and enhances the demand for quality over quantity of children.

22. FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE GLOBAL MIGRATION

23. Learning Outcomes Analyze the political, economic, cultural, and social factors underlying the global movements of people

24. Migration according to merriam -webster, migration is an act or process of migrating. Movement of people from one place to another. (types: Internal and External) Migrant The International Organization for Migration (IOM) defines a migrant as, “A person who moves away from their place of usual residence, whether within a country or across an international border, temporarily or permanently, and for a variety of reasons. Global Migration Another term for global migration is international migration . This type of migration occurs when people cross state boundaries and stay in a host state for a certain amount of time.

25. Asylum seeker - this is a person who is applying for asylum. Usually, asylum seekers have had to flee their home countries and cannot return due to fear of persecution, or even death. Refugee - A refugee describes someone who is leaving a country (or fleeing), due to things like conflict or natural disaster, or other forms of persecution. Economic migrant - a person who has voluntarily left their country of origin to seek, by legal or illegal means, employment in another country. Types of Migrant

26. Push and Pull The causes of migration generally are categorized as push and pull factors. Push factors are based upon the country of origin. These are factors which may cause the migrants to have the desire to move. Wars, conflict, political instability, and economic crisis Ethnic and religious persecution Natural and man-made disasters, such as earthquakes Poverty , Unemployment, low wages and poor working conditions Shortages of food, water, or healthcare Limited opportunities

27. Push and Pull The causes of migration generally are categorized as push and pull factors. Pull factors are based upon the intended destination of the migrant (the host country). These are factors that attract people to a new place. Better quality of life and standard of living Varied employment opportunities, higher wages Better healthcare and access to education services Political stability, more freedom Better life prospects For retirees; a range of services to cater to their needs, or environmental characteristics, such as the coast.

28. Reflection Which of the following reasons discussed might force you to leave the country permanently?

29. The Filipino Diaspora

30. L EARNING O UTCOMES Display first-hand knowledge of the experiences of OFWs.

31. What is Filipino Diaspora? a group of over si x to twelve million people that leave home, often for many years at a time, in order to work and support their families in the Philippines. “Diaspora” The dispersion or spread of any people from their original homeland.

32. Filipino Diaspora The Filipino diaspora is one of the largest and most spread-out in the world. Indeed, it is estimated to consist of over 10 million people, 10% of the country’s population. Countries with the highest Filipino population are the United States (3.4 Million), Saudi Arabia (1 million), Canada (850,000), the United Arab Emirates (680,000), Malaysia (325,000) and Japan (260,500). Australia, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom also boast populations over 100,000.

33. Causes of Filipino D i aspora The push and pull factors of Filipino Migration are dictated by economic, political, environmental and social reasons. But, the leading factor is the economic factors.

34. Economic reasons are usually the main cause why Filipinos migrate. Career opportunities overseas promise salaries that are higher than what they could earn here from doing the same job. In addition to that are issues with unemployment and underemployment in the country which create insecurity. The Philippines has been facing economic instability and inflation due to a weakened Peso; thus compelling more Filipinos to live in another country. As it is a huge decision to make, it is essential to know the preparations that must be done before migrating to another country.

35. Impacts of Filipino Diaspora

36. Economic impacts (remittances, foreign exchange earnings) - Remittances from OFWs significantly impact the Philippine economy, driving consumer spending and foreign exchange earnings, stabilizing the balance of payments and providing income for households. Social impacts (family separation, brain drain) - Overseas Filipino workers' prolonged separation strains families, causing emotional and psychological challenges. Brain drain occurs, affecting the country's development by removing skilled professionals. Cultural impacts (integration in host countries, preservation of Filipino culture) - OFWs' integration into host countries (foreign countries) can enhance cultural exchange and appreciation of Filipino culture, but also poses a risk of losing certain aspects, necessitating efforts to preserve and promote Filipino heritage for continuity and identity.

37. Challenges faced by Overseas Filipino Workers

38. Exploitation and abuse (unfair working conditions, human rights violations) - Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) face significant challenges such as exploitation, abuse, and unfair working conditions, which can have long-lasting impacts on their families and their well-being. Emotional and mental health issues (homesickness, loneliness) - OFWs often suffer from emotional and mental health issues due to distance from loved ones, lack of social support, guilt, and anxiety, which exacerbate their challenges in dealing with unfair working conditions and human rights violations. Lack of social protection and support systems - OFWs face difficulties due to lack of social protection and support systems, exposing them to exploitation, abuse, and limited access to essential services, increasing their risk of physical and mental health issues.

39. Government initiatives and responses to the Filipino Diaspora

40. Establishment of government agencies and programs ( POEA, OWWA) - The Philippine government has established agencies like POEA and OWWA to support OFWs, offering programs, legal assistance, and financial support. Policies regulate recruitment agencies and protect OFW rights. Diplomatic efforts to protect OFWs - The government has made diplomatic efforts to protect OFWs, negotiating with host countries (foreign countries) for fair treatment and improved working conditions, and strengthening their rights through bilateral agreements.

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