General nutrition requirements cla .pptx

Lecture Topics
General nutrition requirements – macronutrients and micronutrients, balanced diet

Energy aspect of diet – calorie value of food, energy balance
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) – definition, measurement, factors affecting it
Specific Dynamic Action (SDA) – thermic effect of food and clinical significance

1. Nutrition Basics General Nutrition Requirements and Energy Aspects of Diet

2. Introduction Nutrition is the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth. It is essential for bodily functions, growth, and repair.

3. Nutrition Essentials 01

4. Macronutrients Overview Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal/g , fats supply 9 kcal/g . They are vital for energy and body structure.

5. Micronutrients and Functions Micronutrients are vitamins and minerals essential for body functions. Vitamins include A, D, B-complex; minerals include calcium, iron, and zinc. They support various physiological processes.

6. Balanced Diet Principles A balanced diet includes varied foods providing essential nutrients. Needs differ by age, sex, and activity. It promotes health and disease prevention.

7. Energy and Metabolism 02

8. Energy Content of Nutrients Energy in food is measured in kilocalories. Carbohydrates and protein supply 4 kcal/g , fat provides 9 kcal/g , and alcohol offers 7 kcal/g .

9. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) Factors BMR is influenced by age, body composition, gender, and hormones. It represents the minimum energy needed at rest.

10. Thermic Effect of Food and Total Energy Expenditure The thermic effect of food (TEF) varies by macronutrient: protein has the highest TEF (20-30%). Total energy expenditure includes BMR, TEF, and physical activity.

11. Conclusions Proper nutrition balances macronutrients and micronutrients. Understanding energy components like BMR and TEF supports effective weight and health management.

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