Geo - Ismailia STEM - G11 - Final geo.pptx

Geo - Ismailia STEM - G11 - Final

1. Final Preparations

2. A scientist is writing a grant proposal to study a portion of the hydrosphere. Which is the most likely to be interested in?   a. Clouds  b. Glaciers  c. Plants  d. Volcanoes

3. Over time, Earth’s interior is:  a. Cooling off  b. Heating up  c. Gaining and losing the same amount of thermal energy each year  d. Cooling off during some periods of Earth history and warming up during others

4. Earth's early atmosphere was incredibly ___   a. Hot b. Cold c. Basic in pH d. Contains a high percentage of oxygen

5. What process accounts for the fact that the water on Earth now is the same water that has been on Earth for 4 billion years? a) Nitrogen Cycle b) Water Cycle c) Kreb’s Cycle d) Life Cycle

6. There is recent evidence shows that lakes are being affected by acid rain. Acid rain results in a) an increase in game fish population levels b) the stimulation of a rapid rate of evolution c) the elimination of many species of aquatic life d) an increase in agricultural productivity

7. What is the MAIN purpose in monitoring the hydrosphere? a. Even though the Earth is mainly covered in water, only a small percentage is usable. b. The Earth is ¾ covered with water so we need to know where the water is located. c. Water is a life sustaining force and we need to keep track of all the water on Earth. d. Both a and b.

8. What factor did NOT contribute to the loss of Earth’s primordial atmosphere? a. Earth’s atmosphere contained light elements like neon that easily escaped. b. Earth is a relatively small planet with a weak gravitational pull. c. Collisions between planetesimals helped drive off gases. d. Larger planets like Jupiter pulled Earth’s early atmosphere away.

9. Which of the following has not been identified as a factor in changing the chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere? Volcano eruptions Subduction Mass spectrometry Oceans

10. Using your understanding of the processes that shaped Earth’s atmosphere, infer the main component of the atmosphere of an imaginary planet, which had volcanoes but no oceans. Carbon Dioxide Nitrogen Argon Oxygen

11. Compare Jupiter and Saturn, which have both retained most of their primordial atmospheres but differ significantly in size. Both of their atmospheres contain a significant amount of helium, the lightest noble gas. Which one of the following statements is true? Jupiter has more helium than Saturn. Saturn has more helium that Jupiter. Jupiter and Saturn have the same amount of helium. Jupiter and Saturn have the same amount of helium as Earth.

12. How can the atmosphere be considered part of the hydrosphere? A. It is a source of water. B. It blocks ultraviolet rays from the sun. C. It contains the oxygen necessary for life on Earth. D. It traps pollutants that would otherwise harm the earth.

13. Which statement best compares the amount of water present on Earth today to the amount present millions of years ago? A. Slightly more water on Earth today B. Significantly less water on Earth today C. Significantly more water on Earth today D. About the same amount of water today

14. Which best describes the process by which water from the ocean enters the atmosphere? A. Infiltration B. Precipitation C. Evaporation D. Condensation

15. Which one of the following gases is placed second in respect of abundance in the earth’s atmosphere? Oxygen Nitrogen Hydrogen Carbon dioxide

16. What was the name of the mega-ocean that surrounded the single continental mass before the continental drift as described by Alfred Wegner? Pygmalion Panama Panthalassa Pangea

17. Which is the correct sequence of evolution of earth ? 1. Loss of primordial atmosphere 2. Evolution of lithosphere 3. Process of degassing 4. Evolution of hydrosphere 5. Origin of life Choose : 3-1-2-4-5 1-3-4-2-5 2-1-3-4-5 1-2-4-3-5

18. 1.3 + 1.3 + 1.3 = 3.9 3 Half-life  ½ . ½ . ½ = 0.125 0.125  12.5%

19. This sample got 3 Half-life So 10000 x 3 = 30000

20. a

21. process by which a single species or small group of species evolves into several different forms that live in different ways; rapid growth in the diversity of a group of organisms A- coevolution B- convergent evolution C- relative dating D- adaptive radiation

22. process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other A-coevolution B-adaptive radiation C- convergent evolution D- macroevolution

23. Which of the following statements is true about fossilization? A- It is a common occurrence. B- It is more common for animals from mountains and forests than for those from deserts and oceans. C- Small animals with light weight, thin bones are more likely to become fossils than are large animals with heavy, dense bones. D- none of the above

24. distinctive fossil used to compare the relative ages of fossils A- macroevolution B- how do fossils form? C-index fossils D- microfossils

25. They study fossils, collect fossils and infer what past life forms were like. A- meteorologist B- petrologists C- paleontologist D- sedimentologists

26. What is a mass extinction? A- When all the species in a particular area on earth suddenly go extinct B- When multiple species from all over the earth suddenly go extinct C- When one species goes extinct due to habitat changes D- When all life on earth is wiped out

27. Amphibians, reptiles and corals were some creatures hardest hit by this extinction period because of shifting continental plates that lead massive volcanic activity. A-Ordovician Extinction B- Devonian Extinction C- Permian Extinction D- Triassic Extinction

28. Which is LEAST LIKELY to push a species toward extinction? A- Cutting down entire forest B- Putting animals in a zoo C- Polluting mountain streams D- Introducing new species to an ecosystem with no known natural predator

29. Triassic-Jurassic Extinction: A- Small marine organisms died out. (440 mya ) B- Many tropical marine species went extinct. (365 mya ) C- The largest mass extinction event in Earth's history affected a range of species, including many vertebrates. (250 mya ) D- The extinction of other vertebrate species on land allowed dinosaurs to flourish. (200 mya )

30. Which of the following was a natural factor that caused extinctions? A- Overharvesting B- Changes in the oxygen levels C- Pollution D- Habitat destruction