Geographic_Earth_for_Grade_7.pptx earth resources

Earth

1. Geographic Earth An Introduction to Earth's Geography for Grade 7

2. Layers of the Earth • Crust: The outermost layer of Earth, solid rock. • Mantle: Thick layer beneath the crust, made of semi-solid rock. • Outer Core: Liquid layer made of iron and nickel. • Inner Core: Solid center of the Earth, mostly iron.

3. Continents and Oceans • 7 Continents: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. • 5 Oceans: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic Oceans.

4. Plate Tectonics • The Earth's crust is divided into large plates. • These plates move and cause earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain formation. • Types of plate boundaries: Convergent, Divergent, and Transform.

5. Earth's Atmosphere • Layers of the Atmosphere: Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere. • The atmosphere protects life on Earth by blocking harmful radiation and regulating temperature.

6. Climate Zones • Three main climate zones: - Tropical: Warm year-round, near the equator. - Temperate: Moderate temperatures, distinct seasons. - Polar: Cold year-round, near the poles.

7. The Water Cycle • The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface. • Main processes: Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, and Collection.

8. Earth's Biomes • Major biomes: Desert, Forest, Grassland, Tundra, and Aquatic. • Each biome has its own climate, plants, and animals.

9. Human Impact on Earth • Deforestation, pollution, and climate change affect Earth's natural systems. • Conservation efforts aim to protect the environment.