Gesture-Controlled Robotic Arm for Safe Operation in Hazardous Environments

Robot comprise develop into a enter knowledge into different field. Robotic arm are frequently distant
proscribed by button before panel with every so often in lot development they are sovereign. Wireless signal
gratitude and calculating be a mounting and testing pasture in electronics. These robots fall little in good
organization while compare to a Biomimetic automaton proscribed by person gesture. Then, to expand competence
since fine as simplicity of organize, signal machinery be apposite. Sensors such as accelerometers be calibrate to the
schedule of the consumer which are transmit since mathematical standards. These values are yet over again changed
as contribution signal used for the android which is operated accordingly by servo motors. In several industries
wireless operation is needed mainly in treacherous or hazard area. In a little of the industry it is essential to knob
little job by very high temperature which is not achievable in individual hand over in such bags wireless operation
be further competent

1. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Educational Development ISSN: 3107-6513
Volume 1, Issue 1 | March-April 2025 | www.ijamred.com

24

Gesture-Driven Robotic Arm Navigation: Enhancing
Safety in High-Risk Environments

Dr.B.Uma Maheswar Gowd
1
, N.Harjot Kaur Singh
2

1
M.Tech Research Scholar,
2
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India

Abstract:
Robot comprise develop into a enter knowledge into different field. Robotic arm are frequently distant
proscribed by button before panel with every so often in lot development they are sovereign. Wireless signal
gratitude and calculating be a mounting and testing pasture in electronics. These robots fall little in good
organization while compare to a Biomimetic automaton proscribed by person gesture. Then, to expand competence
since fine as simplicity of organize, signal machinery be apposite. Sensors such as accelerometers be calibrate to the
schedule of the consumer which are transmit since mathematical standards. These values are yet over again changed
as contribution signal used for the android which is operated accordingly by servo motors. In several industries
wireless operation is needed mainly in treacherous or hazard area. In a little of the industry it is essential to knob
little job by very high temperature which is not achievable in individual hand over in such bags wireless operation
be further competent

Keywords — Biomimetic Robotic Arm, Hand Gestures, Hazardous Environment.

INTRODUCTION
Robotics is the branch of mechanical
engineering, electrical engineering and software
engineering that deals with the design,
construction, operation, application, control
systems and information processing of robots.
The most fitting and effective solution to these
challenges lies in designing the robot with
specifications that emulate human actions — a
blueprint that ensures both innovation and
distinction. Humanoid robots were developed to
fully eliminate the need for Deploying machines
to operate in hazardous environments marks a
pivotal shift toward safer, technology-driven
intervention. However, building a fully functional
humanoid robot remains complex and costly. A
more practical approach is to engineer specialized
humanoid components—each enhanced for
specific tasks—offering precision, efficiency, and
adaptability without the burden of full replication.
Robotic armrest is call as robot manipulator
which container executes a choice of function as
being arm perform. Several industry uses an
android used in support of different function
where central piece of several robots is Robotic
support before call since machine manipulator

2. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Educational Development ISSN: 3107-6513
Volume 1, Issue 1 | March-April 2025 | www.ijamred.com

25

must be proscribed in particular depending
winning appliance. These robots are engineered to
function in extreme environments, with this
project aimed at enabling humans to explore
hazardous areas safely while gathering vital target
information—eliminating risk to human life.
EXISTING SYSTEM
A robotic arm is integrated onto a mobile
platform, wirelessly navigated via a secondary
accelerometer. To control the arm, an
accelerometer affixed to the operator's hand
interprets gestures and postures, translating
human motion into precise robotic movement. A
second accelerometer, placed on one leg, tracks
leg motions to control the platform’s navigation—
ensuring seamless, intuitive human-robot
interaction. Unstable communication with robots
operating in reactor zones poses safety risks and
drives up operational costs. The handling of
nuclear waste, in particular, demands extended
cooling periods and robust shielding, making
reliability and precision in robotic systems
absolutely critical. Advanced robotic arms,
modeled after the human hand, offer an intuitive
solution—allowing precise control through simple
hand gestures alone. The support organizers wear
the feeler handbag and the automatic support
motivation imitates the group of the regulator.
Difficult robotic weapons like these protect
complete compound and dangerous errands by
relieve. Proposed utility in field’s of construction,
hazardous waste disposal, and medical sciences.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
The nuclear plant environment, the robot
receives input signals via a ZigBee receiver,
responding accordingly based on transmitted data.
The system incorporates two distinct
controllers—one embedded in the gesture-
detecting gloves and the other dedicated to robot
operations. Key advantages of this design include:
• Seamless and efficient communication
enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT)
• Elimination of health hazards for living
beings through remote interaction
• Long-range operability, allowing the
system to be controlled from distant or
secure locations via IoT connectivity
DETAILED EXPLANATION OF
COMPONENTS

Accelerometer: ADXL 335 be a minute, slim,
small control, total 3-axis accelerometer with
gesture accustomed outputs. The accelerometer
used in this project features six pins: VCC (power
supply), GND (ground), ST (self-test), and three
output pins for the X, Y, and Z axes. When the
sensor is tilted along any axis, it detects the
gravitational force corresponding to the tilt angle.
It measures force across all three axes—X, Y, and
Z—and outputs values that reflect directional
movement or stability. These values are calibrated

3. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Educational Development ISSN: 3107-6513
Volume 1, Issue 1 | March-April 2025 | www.ijamred.com

26

to distinguish between four movement types and a
stationary central position, using error corrections
along each axis. Operating at 3.3V supplied by the
Arduino Uno, this setup utilizes only the X and Y
axes, The accelerometer is interfaced through
analog pins A0 and A1. One of its standout
features is its remarkable stability—the output
remains consistent and unaffected unless physical
movement is detected.

Figure: Accelerometer (ADXL 335)

Arduino: This Arduino automatic armrest can be
proscribed by four Potentiometer friendly to it,
every potentiometer is use to manage both servo.
You preserve progress these servos by revolving
the pot to select several purpose, by various
perform you be able to simply select and shift the
article starting single position to one more. We
include use short torque servos at this point save
for you canister utilize further controlling servos
toward select profound entity.

Figure. Arduino board
Servo Motor: To enable joint movement and
perform tasks, the robotic arm relies on motors.
Among the key components facilitating this
functionality is the servo motor, known for its
precision and control in positioning. A servo
speed resolve comprise largely present supports,
single is used for constructive power another be
for earth with previous single is for place situation.
The RED cable is associated to control, Black line
is connected to ground and YELLOW wire is
coupled toward sign. Go during this lesson
of Controlling Servo Motor using Adriana to hear
further on it. The motor's impartial location be
clear because the place somewhere the servo have
the identical quantity of likely revolving in the
mutually the clockwise before counter-clockwise
track. The PWM send toward the speed determine
location of the stream, plus base going on the
period of the pulsation send using the organize
rope the rotor motivation spin on the road to the
desired position. Servo motors are designed to

4. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Educational Development ISSN: 3107-6513
Volume 1, Issue 1 | March-April 2025 | www.ijamred.com

27

detect a pulse every 20 milliseconds, with the
width of each pulse determining the angle of
rotation. The longer the pulse duration, the greater
the degree of movement.

Figure. Servo motor
ROBOTIC ARM
The robotic arm, a mechanical structure
anchored to the receiver unit of the circuit,
operates based on control signals generated by the
Arduino in response to gesture inputs captured by
an accelerometer on the transmitter side. Powered
by a DC geared motor at its base, the arm is
capable of executing a full 360-degree rotation,
enabling flexible and precise movement. The arm
consists of two segments—one measuring 20 cm
and the other, forming the elbow, extending 30
cm. A load is applied at the arm's end, allowing it
to lift objects of varying weights. The
corresponding voltage output is fed into the
Arduino, which interprets the signal and transmits
it wirelessly using the nRF module. The robotic
arm, guided by a custom-designed controller, is
capable of grasping, lifting, and relocating objects
with respect to their weight and shape, ensuring
adaptive and precise handling. The rotation and
movement of the robotic arm are precisely
governed by gesture inputs captured at the
transmitter end, enabling intuitive, real-time
control based on the operator’s hand motions
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The functionality of the robotic arm was
evaluated through a series of varied hand gestures,
testing its responsiveness and accuracy in
mimicking each movement. The design of the
robotic arm is kept simple without the use of any
gears or any complex mechanisms. The robotic
arm demonstrated precise mimicry of hand
gestures and successfully grasped lightweight
objects with ease. Its ability to handle intricate
and potentially hazardous tasks highlights its
effectiveness in demanding scenarios. Subjective
evaluations confirmed the system’s reliability as
an assistive robotic solution. Gesture commands
are transmitted via the wireless ZigBee protocol,
ensuring the arm's movements are swift and
synchronized with the operator’s hand in real time.
The system generates serial output values through
an Arduino preloaded with custom code, enabling
gesture-based control. As a result, the robotic arm
mimics human hand movements to grasp and
manipulate objects—providing an efficient
solution for replacing damaged components
within a nuclear reactor.

5. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Educational Development ISSN: 3107-6513
Volume 1, Issue 1 | March-April 2025 | www.ijamred.com

28

CONCLUSIONS
The automatic section was finished of small price
equipment that was with good grace existing. The
representation of the automatic support was
constructing and the fund- tonality was hardened.
The mechanical division container is illegal over
the internet with by Ethernet connectivity plus a
camera in favour of diagram response. This mode
of control not only enhances efficiency but also
reduces the physical burden of repetitive tasks
while greatly improving operational safety.
Usability assessments reveal that the system
excels in pick-and-place functions, making it
especially beneficial for individuals with physical
disabilities and in controlled settings like
laboratories. In environments too hazardous for
human presence, this technology bridges the gap
between the physical and digital worlds—offering
intuitive control, increased adaptability, and
expanding the scope of robotic applications across
diverse fields.

REFERENCES .
1. Waldherr, R. Romero, and S. Thrun, “A
gesture based interface for human-robot
interaction,” in Autonomous Robots, vol.
9, no.2, pp.151-173, Springer, 2000.
2. Kumar Aaditya, Divesh Kumar Pande and
Preksha Moondra, “Android Controlled
Pick and Place Robotic Arm Vehicle”,
International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology, 2015.
3. Pradeep and Victer Paul, “Design and
Implementation of Gesture Controlled
Robotic Arm for Industrial Applications”,
International Journal of Advanced
Scientific Research and Development, Vol.
3, Issue 4, Oct. 2016.
4. Pravin Vaishnav and Shalini Tiwari,
“Accelerometer Based Hand Gesture
Controlled Robot”, International Journal
of Science and Research, Vol. 4, Issue 3,
March 2015.
5. H. S. Yoon, J. Soh, Y. J. Bae and H. S.
Yang, “Hand gesture recognition using
combined features of location, angle and
velocity”, Pattern Recognition, vol. 34,
(2001), pp. 1491-1501.
6. M. Klingmann, “Accelerometer-Based
Gesture Recognition with the iPhone”,
Goldsmiths University, MSc in Cognitive
Computing, London, September 2009.
7. J. Kela, P. Korpipää, J. Mäntyjärvi, S.
Kallio, G. Savino, L. Jozzo, and S. Di
Marca, “Accelerometer-based gesture
control for a design environment,”
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing,
Springer, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 285-299, 2006.
8. Abdul Ishaq T.K, He is from kasargod,
Kerala. Currently Pursuing BE in
Electronics and Communication, at Bearys

6. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Educational Development ISSN: 3107-6513
Volume 1, Issue 1 | March-April 2025 | www.ijamred.com

29

Institute of Technology, mangaluru,
larnataka. His research interested in
embedded systems, Image Processuing.
9. Joseph Sebastian, He is from kasargod,
Kerala. Currently Pursuing BE in
Electronics and Communication, at Bearys
Institute of Technology, mangaluru,
larnataka. His research interested in
embedded systems, Image Processuing.
Wireless networks.
10. R. Dillmann, “Teaching and learning of
robot tasks via observation of human
performance,” in Robotics and
Autonomous Systems, vol. 47, no.2-3, pp.
109-116, 2004.
11. R. Raja Prabhu and R. Sreevidya, “Design
of Robotic Arm based on Hand Gesture
Control System using Wireless Sensor
Networks”, International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4,
Issue 3, March 2017.