Gingivitis

Gingivitis is a form of gum disease characterised by reversible gingival inflammation without destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, periodontal ligament or bone

1. GINGIVITIS
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT DENTAID

2. •Definition
•Signs
•Aetiology
•Classification
•Epidemiology
•Diagnosis
•Prevention strategies
•Treatment
•Conclusions

3. Definition
•Gingivitis is a form of gum disease
characterised by reversible gingival
inflammation without destruction of
tooth-supporting tissues,
periodontal ligament or bone

4. Signs
•Redness
•Increased volume
•Change in texture
•Bleeding

5. Aetiology
•Bacterial: Formation of oral biofilm
•Immuno-inflammatory response:
innate (nonspecific) and adaptive
(specific)
•Genetic: family history
•Habits: tobacco smoking, stress
•Systemic diseases or conditions:
diabetes, pregnancy

6. Classification
•Plaque-induced gingival diseases
•Non-plaque-induced gingival diseases
Armitage G. Development of a classification
system for periodontal diseases and
condictions. Annals of Perio 1999

7. Epidemiology
•Around 50-60% population > 35 years
•Up to 80% of children and adolescents
Llodra JC. Oral Health Survey in Spain 2010.
RCOE 2012. 17 (1): 13-41.

8. Diagnosis
GINGIVITIS
Acute / Chronic
Localised / generalised

9. Prevention Strategies
•Mechanical biofilm removal:
•Manual or powered toothbrush: 2-
3 times per day for at least 2 minutes
•Interdental hygiene: dental tape or
floss and interproximal brushes
•Oral irrigators
•Professional cleaning: removal of
calculus

10. Prevention Strategies
•Chemical removal and/or alteration of biofilm:
•Toothpastes:
•Cetylpyridinium chloride
•Fluoride
•Mouthwashes:
•Chlorhexidine
•Cetylpyridinium chloride

11. Treatment
•OH instruction and motivation:
plaque control
•Eliminating poor habits: stop
smoking
•Professional removal of biofilm:
using ultrasound, curettes,
polishing
•Improving local and systemic
conditions

12. Conclusions
•Reversible inflammation
•Very common
•Mechanical and chemical prevention and treatment
•Role of oral healthcare professional is key