Glycolysis

Pathway & energetics of Glycoclysis

1. GLYCOLYSIS NIDHI SHARMA

2. INTRODUCTION Glycolysis is derived from the Greek words (glycose-sweet or sugar; Lysis-dissolution). It is a universal pathway in the living cells. The complete pathway of glycolysis was elucidated in 1940. This pathway is often referred to as Embden-Meyerhof pathway (E. M, pathway).

3. Glycolysis is defined as the sequence of reactions converting glucose (or glycogen) to pyruvate or lactate, with the production of ATP. Salient features- Glycolysis takes place in all cells of the body. All ezymes are present in cytosomal fraction of the cell. Glycolysis occur in absence of oxygen (anaerobic ) or in the presence of oxygen (aerobic). Lactate is the end product under anaerobic conditions. In the aerobic condition, pyruvate is formed, which is then oxidized to CO2 & H2O.

4. 3 . Glycolysis is a major pathway for ATP synthesis in tissues lacking mitochondria. Eg. - Erythrocytes, Cornea, lens etc. 4. Glycolysis is very essential for brain which is dependent on glucose for energy. The glucose in brain has to undergo before it is oxidized to CO2 & H2O. 5. Reversal of glycolysis along with the alternate arrangements at the irreversible steps, will results in the synthesis of glucose (Gluconeogenesis).

5. Aerobic condition- 2 ATP(UTILIZED) 4 ATP (FORMED) 2NADH= 2X3= 6ATP (FORMED) TOTAL = 10-2 = 8 ATP Anaerobic conditions- 2ATP (UTILIZED) 4ATP (FORMED) 2NADH= 6ATP (FORMED) 2NAD (UTILIZED)= 6 ATP = 2ATP

6. ENERGETICS-