Goat farming

seminar report

1. PROJECT MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT ON GOAT FARMING SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY: Lect. JASKARAN SINGH AMBIKA GOEL ISHU RANI SUKHJEET SINGH

2. INTRODUCTION Farming has been the key occupation of people since independence. The major occupation of all the people have been agriculture in the past in India. The history of agriculture dates back to Indus valley civilization. These days at present India has been ranked second worldwide in farm output. India is the seventh largest exporter of agricultural; products throughout the world and sixth largest net exporter because of $39 billion worth of agricultural products being exported in 2013. India is presently exporting the agricultural products and processed food to around 100 countries even more than that which includes Middle East. SAARC countries and the United States and there are many more in number. India is the fifth largest producer of livestock. The occupation of agriculture is serving many people of India and worldwide. Though its various advantages there are several disadvantages and harmful effects also as various harmful feeds are provided to animals for increasing their productivity.

3. What is goat farming Goat is commonly known as ‘Poor man’s Cow’ in India and is very important occupation in dry land farming system. Goat farming is not a new enterprise. Rearing goats is a profitable business. Generally goat farming means rearing goats for the purpose of harvesting milk, meat and fiber. At present, goat farming has become a profitable business and it requires a very low investment because of its multi-functional utility. You can produce a wide variety of products from goats, such as milk, meat, fiber, manure etc. Goat’s milk is used for producing full cream goat powder, skimmed goat milk powder, goat butter, goat milk cream, fresh goat milk etc . Goat meat is a great source of consumable meat which is very testy, nutritious and healthy . And goat’s wool is being used in many purposes and skin of goat plays a vital role in leather industry.

4. Advantages of Goat Farming Goats don’t require huge area for housing because their body size is comparatively smaller than other livestock animals. Usually goats are very friendly in nature and very lovable . Goats are good breeders and they reach sexual maturity within their 7-12 months of age and give birth of kids within a short time. And some goat breed produce numerous kids per kidding. Risks are less for goat farming (even in drought prone areas) than any other livestock farming business. Both male and female goats have almost equal value/price in the market . Goat meat and milk are cholesterol free and easily digestible. Goat milk is used for making various types of foods and it’s very easy to digest than milk of cows .

5. Goats are multi purpose animal. They can produce milk, meat, skin, fiber and manure at the same time. There is no need of a high end housing system for goats. Even they can easily share their living place with their owners or his/her other livestock animals. Diseases are less in goats than other domestic animals Goats are called the “foster mother of human”. Because their milk is considered as the best milk for human consumption than any other species of livestock animal’s milk. And their milk is low cost, nutritious, wholesome and easily digestible. As goat farming business is very profitable, so many govt. and non govt. banks are providing loans for starting this business. This business require less labor and you can easily use your family labor for raising goats. Commercial goat farming business is a great source of employment and income. So unemployed educated people can easily create a great employment and income source through raising goats commercially.

6. BUSINESS IDEA It is very necessary that before starting up any business one should always have a clear understanding of the business and the area of that business and even most importantly person’s interest in that field. There should be a suitable and effective business plan in hand before commencing any kind of business. One should make a mind set up before investing his money in business and one should always study the pros and cons of the business plan and then proceed further with the implementation of the idea. Goat farming has been proved as highly profitable business idea so it is very essential to make a proper goat farming plan before starting this business. Goat farming is such a business which requires fewer amounts of capital and investment as compared to any other livestock. And as a result business ends up in getting higher profits as compared to any other livestock farming projects .

7. Steps For Starting Goat Farming Business For starting and maintaining a profitable and successful business, you must have to make a proper and effective goat farming business plan and go according to the plan. Here we are shortly describing the necessary steps for starting goat farming business..:

8. Selecting Farm Area Always try to select a suitable farm land/area for your business that has all required facilities for successful goat farming business. The necessary facilities for goat farming business includes the followings. Great source of fresh and clean water supply. Availability of all types of equipment. Easily available food source. Fertile field for crop, grasses and other green plant production. Feeding green food keeps the animal healthy, productive and reduces feeding costs. Availability of full time labor. Good transportation and veterinary service. A market near the farm land so that you can sell your products easily and buy necessary commodities.

9. Goat Breeds Popular breeds in India are: Sirohi,Jamnapari,Surti,Tellicherry,Beetal,Malabari,Barbari,Blackbengal,Osmanabadi and Boer. For a profitable goat farming there should be 3 kidding for 2 years.Goats with faster growth rate and larger size shoould be used for breeding. S ome of the available goat breeds are famous for tasty and nutritious meat and some breeds are famous for milk production. Some Indian goats are also highly meat and milk productive. Dairy goats are raised mainly for commercial milk production or for family milk consumption. They can also be displayed at trade shows. Cashmere goats are popular for wool production. Mountain goats are blunt, square looking covered with soft white, woolly, dense undercoat. Boer goats originated in South Africa and suitable for highly meat production. Some studies say that Boer goats are very expensive and demand exceeds supply which attracts investors. However , choosing the right breeds for commercial goat farming will ensure high profit. Choose proper breed according to your desired production and geographical location. You can also visit some of your nearest goat farm or livestock training center to learn more about the suitable goat breeds in your area.

10. Housing Housing is an important factor for profitable goat farming business. Small scale farmer generally keep their goats with their other livestock animals. But for commercial production, a good quality goat housing system is highly recommended for better production. A good house not only give shelter and protects the goats from predators but also prevent them from various types of goat diseases. Always keep the house neat, clean and dry. Make proper ventilation and drainage system inside the house. Also ensure the availability of sufficient fresh air and light inside the house. Housing and goat farm design are of various types according to the production type and breed.

11. Feeding Well goat feed management is also very essential for commercial goat farming business. Goats are not carnivorous animal. They don’t eat other animals. Usually goats prefer to eat grasses, plants, shrubs, weeds and herbs. Besides those feeds, goat also need energy, portion, vitamins, fiber and water for proper growth and for making better profits from this business. It will be better if you have sufficient knowledge about what to feed goats.

12. Care & Management Always try to take good care of your goats. Never feed them contaminated food or polluted water. Keep their house as much  neat and clean as possible. For commercial production, keep kids, bucks and does separated for each other. Take extra care to the breeding bucks, kids and pregnant does . Keep the kids with their mother for several weeks after their birth. Avoid using same buck for mating with numerous does at same day. Vaccinate them timely, for keeping them free from all types of diseases and health problems. If possible, stock some necessary vaccines and medicines and keep good relation with a veterinary doctor.

13. Marketing Marketing is the most important but easiest step of goat farming business. Goat products like meat and milk has a huge local and global demand and popularity. Almost all types of people like goat milk and meat. So, a good market is already available in almost every place of the world. You can easily sell your products in your nearest market. Commercial producers can target the international market and export the products in foreign countries.

14. Total Expenditure & Profit Total expenditure and profit from goat farming business depends on the farming system, location, breeds, feeding cost and some other factors. By good planing and proper management you can easily make goat farming business profitable. Small scale farming require less investment and profit can contribute your regular income. Large scale or commercial production require high investment and some other additional costs. For a purchase of 1 cross bred cow, one can purchase 10 quality goats. Goats have shorter gestation period i.e. 150 days. The population of goats is increasing at tremendous rates though 60% of the goats are slaughtered every year . Total life of goats – 15 years Productive life- 7 years Pregnancy period- 150 days Manure available for 1 adult goat in 24 hours is 1 kg

15. LOANS FOR GOAT FARMING NABARD (national bank for agriculture and rural development) is one of the banks which is arranging for loans for goat farmers on a very large scale. The minimum down payment collected from small farmers is only 5% of the total investment. The repayment period of loan is nearly about 6 years. The grace period given to goat farmers is 1 year. The interest rate levied on loans taken for goat farmers is 12%.

16. PESTLE ANALAYSIS

17. CONCLUSION After analyzing the goat farming project with the help of PESTLE analysis and Porter’s Five Forces Model it can be said that as there are less number of competitors in the market and the competiting power of goat milk is high therefore the existence of this business would be highly profitable. The set up of goat milk on Punjab in Moga would be highly profitable because there are no goat farms nearby and there is intense need of goat farm in that area.