Grade 10 icse History internal project board exam

A brief of the Indian history pre-independence with major events and other details.

1. Acknowledgement

2. Introduction Archibald Wavell

3. Major Events (before the independence) Sepoy Mutiny 1857-1859 Queens’s proclamation Growth of nationalism Early nationalists Assertive nationalists Formation of Muslim league Rise of Mahatma Ghandi Quit India movement Forward Bloc and Indian national Army

4. cabinet plan The  cabinet  mission  plan  of 1946 proposed that there shall be a Union of India which was to be empowered to deal with the defense , foreign affairs and communications. ... The Union Government and its legislature were to have limited powers, dealing with Finance, Foreign Affairs and Communications

5. Events that led to the Cabinet Plan

6. Events that led to the Cabinet Plan

7. Cabinet Mission in India On Feb 19, 1946, Clement Attlee- the new British PM declared that Cabinet Mission would be sent to India to facilitate the process of transfer of power. Cabinet Mission arrived in India in March 1946. It consisted of three cabinet members: a) Frederick Pethick -Lawrence b) Sir Stafford Cripps c) A.V.Alexander A.V.Alexander Stafford Cripps Clement Attlee Frederick Pethick -Lawrence

8. Clauses of the Cabinet Mission Plan Federal Union Powers of the Union Provincial Autonomy Grouping of Provinces Formation of Constituent Assembly Representation of Minorities Formation of an Interim Government Freedom to join the Commonwealth Transfer of Power

9. Clauses of the Cabinet Mission Plan 1. Federal Union: There would be a Federal Union of the British Provinces and Princely States. Union Government should deal with Foreign Affairs, Defence, Communication & Finance. 2. Powers of the Union: The Union would have its own Executive and Legislature. 3. Provincial Autonomy: Provinces would enjoy full Autonomy except for the Union subjects.

10. 4. Grouping of Provinces: The British Provinces would be divided into groups: Group A: Six Hindu Majority Provinces like Madras, Bombay, Bihar, Orissa etc. Group B: Three Muslim Provinces- Punjab, NWFP (North West Frontier Province) and Sind. Group C: Bengal, Assam etc.

11. Reaction to the Cabinet Mission Plan Reaction of Congress: Congress accepted the plan but with some reservations. It accepted that part of the plan that spoke about the Constituent Assembly and Constitution. It proposed that Grouping of provinces should be made optional and not compulsory. Congress rejected the formation of Interim Government because it gave parity (equality) to Muslim league at par with Congress. Reaction of Muslim League: Muslim League accepted the plan entirely as it saw Grouping of Muslim Provinces was a way to form Pakistan.

12. Lord Mountbatten

13. Lord Mountbatten : Clauses 1.Partition: Country would be divided into two Dominions, India & Pakistan. 2. Relations between two new Dominions: Two dominions would decide what kind of relations they wish to keep with the British Commonwealth and with each other. 3. Boundary Commission: Boundary Commission would be setup and it would settle the boundaries of the two Dominions. 4. Princely States: All the treaties with the Princely States would come to an end. They would be free to join any Dominion or to remain Independent. 5. Bengal & Punjab: Partition of Bengal and Punjab was proposed, provided the Constituent Assemblies.

14. The Indian Independence Act 1947 After the acceptance of the Mountbatten Plan by all the Indian leaders then British PM introduced the Indian Independence Bill in the British Parliament and it was passed by both the British Houses on July 1, 1947. The main Clauses/Provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947 were as follows: 1. Two New Dominions (Pakistan would include Sindh, British Baluchistan, NWFP, West Punjab and East Bengal. The remaining territories would be included in India.) Boundary Commission: exact boundary 2. Provisions of Partition: a) Bengal and Punjab would be divided if desired by its people. b) Through Plebiscite (Voting) people of NWFP and Sylhet would decide whether to join India or Pakistan. Later they joined West and East Pakistan)

15. 3. Governor – General for Each Dominion 4. Separate Constituent Assemblies to serve as Central Legislatures. 5. End of Jurisdiction of the British Parliament: From 15th August 1947 control of British parliament would end. Emperor of India and King of England- titles would be dropped. Till separate new constitutions are framed country would be governed as per Act of 1935. Governor-General would have the powers to modify or adopt Government of India. . Right of king to veto (refuse) laws would be given up. This right would be given to the Governor- General