Grade 12 DRRR basic concept of hazard..

Basic concept of Hazzard

1. BASIC CONCEPT OF HAZARD CHAPTER 3 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND READINESS

2. HAZARD Elements of the physical environment, harmful to man and caused by forces extraneous to him. A natural event that has the potential to cause a harm or loss A phenomenon or situation, which has the potential to cause the disruption or damage to people, their services and their environment

3. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARD Natural hazard such as earthquakes or floods arise from purely natural processes in the environment. Quasi – natural hazard such as smog or desertification that arise through the interaction of natural processes and human activity. Technological (or human – made) hazards such as the toxicity of pesticides to agricultural lands, accidental leaks of chemicals from chemical laboratories or radiation from a nuclear plant. These arise directly as a result of human activities.

4. TYPES OF HAZARD Atmospheric (Single Element) (Combined Element) Excess Rainfall Hurricanes Freezing Rain (Glaze) Glaze storm Hail Thunderstorm Heavy Snow Falls Blizzard High wind speeds Tornadoes Extreme Temperature Heat/Cold Stress

5. TYPES OF HAZARD Hydrologic Floods Wave Action Drought Rapid glacier advance Geologic Mass movement (Landslides, Mudslides, Avalanche) Tsunami Earthquake Volcanic Eruption Rapid sediment movement

6. TYPES OF HAZARD Biologic Epidemic in humans, plants, animals Locusts Technologic Transportation accident Industrial explosions and fire Accidental release of toxic elements Nuclear accidents Collapse of public buildings Cyber Terrorism

7. COMMON LONG TERM IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARD Physical vital infrastructure Death of People Destruction and loss of like transport system , roads, bridges, power, lines and communication lines. Wide spread loss of housing

8. Psychological impact Grief and psychological trauma Marital conflicts Depression due to loss of loved ones and properties Chronic anxiety among children severely affected COMMON LONG TERM IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARD

9. COMMON LONG TERM IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARD Socio – Cultural Impact Displacement population Loss of Cultural Identity of Forced adoption sets of culture Ethnic conflicts of new

10. Economic Impact Loss of job due to displacement Loss of harvest and livestock Loss of farms, fish cages, and other sources of living Loss of money and other valuables like jewelries, furniture and appliances COMMON LONG TERM IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARD

11. Environmental Impact Loss of forest due to forest fires Loss of fresh water due to salination (intrusion of salt water to fresh water sources) Disturbance of biodiversity Loss of natural rivers and other tributaries COMMON LONG TERM IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARD

12. Biological Impact Epidemic to people, flora and fauna Chronic and permanent illness due to nuclear radiation Mental disorder developed from consumption of contaminated foods Proliferation of different viral and bacterial diseases COMMON LONG TERM IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARD

13. ASSIGNMENT What is Hazard? Are the impacts of each hazard the same? What kinds of hazards affected everyone? What kind of hazards did not? What would you do if you were caught in one of these hazards? Summarize how the impact of certain hazards can differ based on what is exposed to the hazard and where.

14. Your task is to choose one example of hazards (i. e., flooding, environmental degradation, etc...) A. Write an article about the issue. B. Explain your standpoint and your analysis if it is preventable or not. C. Explain why it is preventable and how it can be prevented? You can submit your output to your teacher. Your paper will be assessed base on the following rubric Write on the A4 Paper with clip