Charles Fillmore : introduced what was termed case structure grammar. L inguistic knowledge is organized around verbs or more precisely, a verb sense. A verb may have more than one sense or meaning and these are represented separately. Associated with each verb sense is a set of cases. Some of the cases are obligatory and others are optional. A case is obligatory if the sentence would be ungrammatical if it were omitted. The cases associated with a verb seem to be associated with questions that we one would naturally ask about an event. Who did what to whom when? Case Grammar Another aspect of the case grammar representation is that it can be effectively used to parse incomplete or noisy sentences.
Mark gives the book to Rose Give Mark Rose Book Present Agent Dative Objective Time Bibliography : http://wwwrci.rutgers.edu/~cfs/305_html/Understanding/CaseGram1.html