Gravitation. explaination and related topices

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1. GRAVITATION

2. Gravitation All objects in the universe attract each other. This force of attraction between objects called gravitationalforce .

3. The Law of Universal Gravitation The law of universal gravitation states that ALL objects in the universe attract eachother through gravitational force. The law depends on two things MASS AND DISTANCE

4. Gravity is a force that acts between any 2 masses Two factors affect the gravitational attraction between objects: mass and distance . The force of gravity acts between all objects. If mass increases, the force of gravity increases. If distance increases, the force of gravity decreases.

5. Gravitational force Newton's fiery of gravitational forces : "Every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the particles and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them” F=G  

6. Universal law of Gravitation According to universal law of gravitation, the force between two Objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses .F∞ M X m And the force between the two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. F ∞ 1/d ² Combining above two Eqs ... F ∞ M X m/d ²

7. Universal law of Gravitation Law of Universal Gravitation Finding Unknown Masses F=G G → Universal Gravitational Constant(G=6.67X10-11 N m2 kg-2 ) m1,m2, → unknown masses d ² → Square of the distance  

8. Importance of the Universal Law of Gravitation The force that binds us to the earth The motion of the moon around the earth The motion of planets around the sun The tides due to the moon and the sun.

9. Free Fall F = G M m / d ² F =m g m g = G M m / d ² g =G M/ ² 'd' replaced by ‘R’ R → Radius of the earth (R= 6.4X m) g= G M / R ²  

10. To Calculate the Value of g G= 6.7 X N m ² M= 6X kg R= 6.4X m g = G M/ R ² = 6.7 X N m ² X 6 X kg / (6.4X ) ² m g =9.8 m  

11. Mass The mass of an object is the measure of its inertia. The greater the mass, the greater is the inertia. It remains the same whether the object is on the earth, the moon or even in outer space. Thus, the mass of an object is constant and does not change from Place to Place. Weight The earth attracts every object with a certain force and this force depends on the mass(m) of the object and the acceleration due to the gravity(g).

12. Weight The weight of an object is the force with which it is attracted towards the earth. W.K.T F = ma → F = mg The Force of attraction of the earth on an object is known as the weight of the object. W= mg As the weight of an object is the force with which it is attracted towards the earth.

13. Weight of the object on the Moon Earth Mass M = 5.98X kg Radius R = 6.37X m Moon Mass m = 7.36X kg Radius R = 1.74 X  

14. = G X m / ² = G 7.36X m ) ² = 2.431 X G X m Similarly, = G X m/R ² = 1.474X G X m / = 0.165 ~ 1/6  

15. Weight of the object on the moon / weight of the object On the earth = 1/6 Weight of the object of the moon = 1/6 X weight of the object on the earth

16. Thank You