Gross features of humerus

Anatomy of Humerus

2. GROSS FEATURES OF
HUMERUS
Dr. AtifRaza

3. Objectives:
At the end of the session, Students will be able to understand:
•Gross Anatomical Features of Humerus
•Site Determination
•Common Sites of Fractures
•Vessels and Nerves in Intimate Contact with Humerus
•Angle of Torsion
•Carrying Angle

4. Humerus(Gross Features)
Humerushas the following parts:
1.Upper End
2.Middle Shaft
3.Lower End

5. Upper End
It includes:
1.Head
(directed medially, backwards and upwards)
2. Tubercles (Greater & Lesser)
3. Neck
a)Anatomical Neck
b)Surgical Neck

6. Lower End
•It Includes:
1.Two Epicondyles (Medial &
Lateral)
2. Trochlea
3. Capitulum
4. Three Fossae
a)Olecranon (Posterioly)
b)Radial Fossa (Anteriorly)
c)Coronoid Fossa (Anteriorly)

7. Shaft
It has:
1.Three Borders
a)Anterior
b)Medial
c)Lateral
2. Three surfaces
a)Antero-medial
b)Antero-lateral
c)Posterior

8. SITE DETERMINATION
•The upper end is rounded to form the
head.
•The lower end is expanded from side to
side and flattened from before
backwards.
•The head is directed medially and
backwards.
•The lesser tubercle projects from the
front of the upper end and is limited
laterally by the intertuberacularsulcus
(bicipital groove)

9. NERVES & ARTERIES LIABLE TO DAMAGE IN
FRACTURE OF HUMERUS
At surgical neck:
1.AxillaryNerve
2.Poeteriorcircumflex humeral
artery
At Mid Shaft (Radial Groove):
1.Radial Nerve
2.Profundabrachiiartery
At Medial Epicondyle:
1.UlnarNerve
2.UlnarCollateral artery
At Supra condylarRegion:
1.Median Nerve
2.Brachial artery

10. Angle of Torsion
It is the angulation b/w the long
axis of the articular surfaces of
upper and lower end of Humerus.

11. Carrying Angle
The angle made by the axes of the arm and the
forearm, with the elbow in full extension.
•Male: 5
o
•Female: 10-15
o

12. Summary
Humerus
Upper
End
-Head
-Neck
-2 Tubercles
Shaft
-3 Borders
-3 Surfaces
Lower
End
-2 Epicondyles
-3 Fossae
-Capitulum
-Trochlea

13. THANK YOU