GROUP 022. pptx

Mental health

1. REHABILITATION OF MENTALLY DISTURBED PATIENTS PREPARED BY GROUP 02

2. OBJECTIVES: By the end of this lecture all learners should be able to: Define Rehabilitation of mentally disturbed patients Define Historical background of rehabilitation Identify aim of rehabilitation Identify areas for rehabilitation in Tanzania Describe stages of rehabilitation

3. INTRODUCTION Rehabilitation of mentally disturbed patients , is the process of restoring community functioning and well being of an individual diagnosed with mental disturbance and who may be considered to have psychiatric disability. Mentally disturbed patients , these are individuals who exhibit significant distress or impairment in personal functioning due to a mental disorder.

4. CONT.. Rehabilitation of mentally disturbed patients is a specialized approach designed to help mentally ill individuals to develop the emotional, cognitive, and social skills needed to live and work independently in their communities. It focuses on reducing the stigma surrounding mental illness, fostering social inclusion, and empowering individuals to set goals and pursue them

5. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND REHABILITATION The history of psychosocial rehabilitation dates back to the 1960s and 1970s when there was a shift from institutionalization to community-based care for people with serious mental illnesses. There are three rehabilitation stages of evolution: Psychiatric Hospital-Centered Approach Initially, the treatment of mental illness was primarily centered around psychiatric hospitals. This approach focused on the medical management of symptoms and often resulted in long-term institutionalization. The hospital-centered approach had limitations, such as the stigmatization of patients, limited community integration, and a focus on symptoms rather than overall well-being

6. CONT … Intermediate Institutions and Ambulatory Care As the understanding of mental illness evolved, there was a shift towards developing intermediate institutions and ambulatory care. These settings provided more opportunities for community integration and allowed for a more holistic approach to treatment. Intermediate institutions and ambulatory care focused on both medical management and psychosocial rehabilitation, which aimed at compensating for the psychosocial handicap induced by mental illness.

7. CONT .. Integration of Psychosocial Rehabilitation into the Community The integration of psychosocial rehabilitation into the community has been a significant development in the history of mental health treatment. This approach focuses on deinstitutionalization and reintegration into the natural social community. Psychosocial rehabilitation includes deinstitutionalization and return to the community, with the common objective of facilitating the return of the patient in the natural social community.

8. AREAS FOR REHABILITATION IN TANZANIA In Tanzania we have specific areas for rehabilitation such as: Muhimbili National Hospital(Department of psychiatry mental health), Mirembe National mental Health Hospital Isanga institution .

9. AIM OF REHABILITATION The core goals of rehabilitation program include helping participants feel empowered, hopeful, skilled, supported, and valued as contributing members of society. Aims to address the unique needs of each individual while focusing on their strengths rather than their symptoms. The present is prioritized over dwelling on the past, and professional services are committed to creating normalized environments for treatment. Psychosocial rehabilitation recognizes that mental illness impacts multiple areas of life – biological, social, and psychological – requiring a multidisciplinary approach.

10. CONT .. The approach targets specific symptoms through medical treatments while focusing on recovery and reintegration through psychosocial rehabilitation services. A team approach ensures that individuals have access to all necessary tools and resources for achieving their goals. Approaches used in psychosocial rehabilitation include building on existing strengths rather than focusing on weaknesses and addressing areas such as resilience, problem-solving skills, social skills training, vocational training, educational opportunities, housing support, financial management education, nutrition education, recreational activities, peer support groups, family involvement programs, substance abuse treatment.

11. STAGES OF REHABILITATION OF MENTALLY DISTURBED PATIENTS There are several stages in rehabilitation of mentally disturbed patients which are: 1. Assessment and Diagnosis : The first stage involves a comprehensive assessment by mental health professionals to diagnose the patient’s condition accurately. This step is crucial in understanding the individual’s specific needs, challenges, strengths, and goals 2.Treatment Planning : Once the assessment is complete, a personalized treatment plan is developed based on the diagnosis and individual needs of the patient. This plan may include therapy, medication, lifestyle changes, and other interventions tailored to support the patient’s recovery.

12. CONT .. 3 . Acute Stabilization : In cases where patients require immediate intervention due to severe symptoms or crisis situations, the focus is on stabilizing their condition and ensuring their safety. This stage may involve hospitalization or intensive monitoring to address acute symptoms. 4 . Skill Development : As patients progress in their rehabilitation journey, they engage in skill-building activities aimed at enhancing coping mechanisms, social skills, problem-solving abilities, and emotional regulation. These skills are essential for managing daily challenges and maintaining mental well-being.

13. CONT … 5 . Community Integration : Rehabilitation programs often emphasize community integration to help patients re-engage with society, build social connections, and participate in meaningful activities outside clinical settings. This stage promotes independence and a sense of belonging for individuals with mental health conditions. 6 . Continuing Care and Support : Even after completing formal rehabilitation programs, ongoing care and support are vital for sustaining improvements in mental health outcomes. Follow-up appointments, therapy sessions, peer support groups, and community resources play a crucial role in providing ongoing assistance to individuals post-rehabilitation.

14. GROUP MEMBERS: RAMADHAN LUPEJA JUMA HARUNA FEDERIKA KITALUKA JUMA HARUNA MICHAEL GEORGE SOPHIA NYALUSI JOSEPHINE MAGOMA