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1. SOLANA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
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DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AMONG RESIDENTS OF BASI, SOLANA,
CAGAYAN
A Research Proposal
Presented to the Senior High School Department
Solana National High School
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject
PRACTICAL RESEARCH II
Submitted by
Arevalo, Juana Vee
Gacias, Jasper Rhonard
Nantiza, Vincent S.
Maningat, Ashlie Nicole
Ochoa, Laarni R.
Sabado, Joycel M.
Sagun, Jhun
Soriano, Harold E.
Submitted to
Sir Jayjay Manangan

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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
The Philippines is widely recognized as one of the most disaster-prone
countries in the world due to its geographical location within the Pacific Ring of Fire
and the typhoon belt. This positioning exposes the nation to multiple hazards such as
typhoons, floods, earthquakes, and landslides, which continue to threaten lives and
livelihoods. In Northern Luzon, the province of Cagayan is highly vulnerable to
recurring disasters, particularly severe flooding caused by the overflowing of the
Cagayan River.
The community of Basi in Solana, Cagayan, has long experienced the adverse impacts
of these natural hazards. Seasonal flooding often disrupts agricultural production,
damages properties, and displaces families. For instance, Typhoon Ulysses in 2020
brought extensive flooding across Cagayan, resulting in the displacement of
thousands of residents and significant losses to local livelihoods. These recurring
events highlight the urgent need for stronger flood preparedness measures at both the
household and community levels.
Disaster preparedness plays a crucial role in reducing risks and building community
resilience. It involves the knowledge, capacities, and measures developed by
individuals and groups to anticipate, respond to, and recover from hazardous events.

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Despite its importance, many Filipino households remain inadequately prepared, as
reflected in their limited access to emergency supplies, lack of concrete evacuation
strategies, and minimal involvement in disaster-related programs.
While previous studies on disaster preparedness often focus on large-scale disasters
and government-led responses, there is limited research that explores household-level
flood preparedness in rural communities such as Basi, Solana. This research gap
raises concern, as the experiences of small, flood-prone communities remain
underrepresented in existing literature.
Given these challenges, this study aims to assess the level of flood preparedness
among the residents of Basi, Solana, Cagayan, focusing on their knowledge and
awareness, emergency planning, available resources, and participation in community
activities. By addressing these aspects, the study intends to identify strengths, expose
gaps, and propose recommendations to strengthen household and community
resilience against flooding.
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Conceptual Framework

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This study is anchored on the Systems Theory, which explains that
communities function as interconnected systems where inputs, processes, and outputs
interact to produce outcomes. Guided by this concept, the research adopts the Input–
Process–Output (IPO) framework to present the logical flow of the study. The inputs
include the demographic profile of the respondents and the factors that may influence
disaster preparedness, namely knowledge of disaster risks, availability of resources,
and participation in disaster-related programs. The process involves conducting
interviews with residents of Basi, Solana, Cagayan, followed by the analysis and
interpretation of their responses to assess their level of preparedness. The outputs of
the study are the identified level of disaster preparedness among the residents, insights
on the resilience of the community in facing natural hazards, and recommendations
that may strengthen preparedness and reduce vulnerability.

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Research Paradigm
FEEDBACK
OUTPUT
•Identified Level
of Disaster
Preparedness of
Residents
•Insights on the
Community’s
Resilience to
Flooding
PROCESS
•Conduct of
Interviews
•Data Analysis and
Interpretation
INPUT
•Demographic
Profile of
Respondents
•Knowledge of
Disaster Risks
•Availability of
Resources
•Participation in
Community
Programs

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Figure 1. Research Paradigm
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to assess the level of disaster preparedness among residents of
Basi, Solana, Cagayan. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:
a. What is the overall level of disaster preparedness among the residents of Basi,
Solana, Cagayan?
b. How do residents prepare for possible flooding in terms of emergency planning?
c. What available resources and supplies do households keep for flood preparedness?
d. How do residents participate in community-based disaster preparedness activities?
e. What challenges do residents encounter in preparing for flood emergencies?
Significance of the Study
This research is expected to benefit the following groups:
Residents of Basi, Solana, Cagayan – The findings will help them recognize
their strengths and weaknesses in flood preparedness, encouraging them to improve
their readiness for future flooding events.
Barangay Officials and Local Government Units (LGUs) – The results can serve
as a basis for developing more effective community-based flood preparedness
programs and initiatives.

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Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Offices (DRRMO) – The study may
provide useful insights in enhancing disaster education, training, and policy
implementation in flood-prone rural communities.
Future Researchers – This research will serve as a reference for studies related to
disaster and flood preparedness in similar rural settings.
Scope and Delimitation
This study focuses on assessing the level of disaster preparedness among the residents
of Barangay Basi, Solana, Cagayan. It covers four main aspects: knowledge and
awareness, emergency planning, resources and supplies, and community participation.
The study is limited only to flood-related preparedness and does not include other
types of natural disasters such as earthquakes or landslides. Furthermore, the study is
delimited to the experiences and responses of households in Basi, Solana, and the data
will be gathered only through interviews with selected residents.
Definition of Terms
a. Community Participation – refers to the active involvement of residents in disaster
preparedness activities organized by the barangay or local government. In this study,
it includes participation in disaster drills, training sessions, meetings, and volunteer
work, highlighting the importance of collective action in strengthening disaster
resilience.

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b. Disaster Preparedness – in this study, it refers to the overall actions, measures, and
capacities of the residents of Basi, Solana, Cagayan to ensure safety, reduce losses,
and recover quickly from disasters. It covers their knowledge, planning, resources,
and participation in disaster-related activities.
c. Emergency Planning – in this study, it refers to the preparedness of residents in
creating systematic plans such as identifying evacuation routes, assigning family
roles, and setting up communication strategies during emergencies. It also includes
knowledge of where to go and what to bring in case of sudden disaster events.
d. Flood Preparedness – refers to the actions and measures taken by the residents of
Basi, Solana, Cagayan before a flood occurs to ensure safety, reduce losses, and
enable faster recovery. This includes activities such as preparing emergency kits,
securing homes, participating in barangay drills, and knowing evacuation procedures.
e. Knowledge and Awareness – refers to the level of understanding of residents
regarding the risks and hazards in their community, specifically floods. It covers their
awareness of early warning signals, location of evacuation centers, and the proper
safety measures to be taken before, during, and after floods.
f. Resources and Supplies – operationally, this pertains to the materials and necessities
that residents prepare in advance for emergencies. In this study, it covers food, water,
clothing, medicines, first-aid kits, flashlights, batteries, and other basic needs stored
by households to sustain them during calamities.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter delves into a comprehensive review of related literature and studies. This
section aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the existing body of knowledge
and research relevant to the subject, laying the foundation for the subsequent
discussions in the study.
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter unravel the intricacies of how research is crafted and executed, providing
a blueprint to navigate the seas of data collection, analysis, and interpretation. This
chapter contains a comprehensive guide to research design, sampling techniques, data
collection methods, and statistical tools.
Research design

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This study will utilize an evaluative research design, as it aims to assess the level of
flood preparedness among the residents of Barangay Basi, Solana, Cagayan. Unlike
purely descriptive research, the evaluative design does not only describe existing
conditions but also examines the adequacy and effectiveness of residents’ knowledge,
resources, and practices in preparing for floods. The use of this design is appropriate
because it allows the study to determine strengths, identify gaps, and provide a basis
for recommendations to improve disaster preparedness in the community.
Locale of the study
The study will be conducted in Barangay Basi, Solana, Cagayan, a
community known to be highly vulnerable to seasonal flooding due to its proximity to
the Cagayan River. The area was chosen as the study locale because residents often
experience flooding that causes displacement, damages property, and disrupts
livelihoods. Thus, it is an ideal setting to examine the preparedness of households
against flooding.
Sampling method
This study will use purposive sampling in selecting the respondents. Only
residents of Barangay Basi, Solana, Cagayan who have directly experienced flooding
will be chosen as participants. The researchers will prioritize household heads or adult
members who are responsible for making decisions about their family’s preparedness
practices. The final number of respondents will depend on the set criteria and the
actual data collection process.
Research instrument

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The primary instrument of this study will be an interview guide prepared by
the researchers. It will contain open-ended questions designed to gather detailed
information from residents about their disaster preparedness. The questions will focus
on four main areas: knowledge and awareness of flooding risks, emergency planning
such as evacuation routes and family roles, availability of resources and emergency
supplies, and participation in community disaster preparedness activities. To ensure
content validity, the interview guide will undergo expert validation by the research
adviser, who has expertise in research methodology and familiarity with disaster
preparedness studies. The adviser will review the instrument for clarity,
appropriateness, and alignment with the study objectives. Face-to-face interviews will
then be conducted with selected residents, and responses will be recorded with the
participants’ permission.
Data gathering procedure
The researchers will request permission from the barangay officials of Basi,
Solana, Cagayan before conducting the study. Once approval is granted, selected
household heads or adult members will be approached as respondents. Before the
interview, the purpose of the study will be explained, and informed consent will be
secured to ensure voluntary participation and confidentiality. Using the validated
interview guide, the researchers will conduct face-to-face interviews focusing on
residents’ knowledge, planning, resources, and community participation in flood
preparedness. Responses will be recorded through notes and, if allowed, audio
recording, then organized for analysis. All data will be treated with confidentiality and
used only for academic purposes.

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Data analysis
The collected data will be analyzed through thematic analysis. The
researchers will carefully review the interview transcripts, group the responses into
themes, and interpret them based on the objectives of the study. The results will then
be summarized to present the overall level of disaster preparedness among the
residents of Basi, Solana.

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