-Group 7 EXPOSITION about Brunei (1).pptx

A little bit about Brune

1. Luis Miguel Rosario Gervacio - 100207947 Francisco Romero - 100558024 Jorge Luis Ciprian Méndez- 100292192 Yoliver A. Batista Gonzalez - 10030152 Vanessa. V. Solórzano Velazco - 100549825

2. Brunei Geography Brunei is located in the northeast of the island of Borneo, sharing borders with Malaysia and bathed by the South China Sea. Its landscape is a symphony of rainforests, rugged mountains, meandering rivers and mangrove-fringed coastlines. This geographical diversity not only provides a home to a wide range of flora and fauna, but also plays a crucial role in the country's economy. Rhinoceros Hornbills of Ulu Temburong Ulu Temburong Park.

3. coral reefs

4. Brunei History Ancient origins: Brunei has a history dating back to the 7th century AD, with records of Malay settlements in the region. The first known kingdom in Brunei was established around the 14th century, marking the beginning of the Brunei Sultanate. Expansion Period: During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Sultanate of Brunei experienced a period of expansion and consolidation of its power in the region of Borneo and parts of the Philippines.

5. British colonization: In the 19th century, Brunei became a British protectorate due to external pressures and internal power disputes. During this period, Britain exerted significant influence over Brunei's politics and economy.

6. Second World War: During the Second World Quarter, Brunei was occupied by Japanese forces from 1941 to 1945, before being liberated by the Allies. Road to independence: In the second half of the 20th century, Brunei began a gradual process towards independence from British rule. Finally, the country achieved its independence on January 1, 1984, establishing the state of Brunei, the abode of peace.

7. Government Political system: Brunei is an absolute monarchy with the sultan as head of state and head of government. The sultan has executive, legislative and judicial powers, and his word is the supreme law of the land.

8. Constitution and laws: Although Brunei does not have a written constitution in the traditional sense, the sultan rules according to the principles of Melayu Islam Beraja (MBI), which translates as Melay, Islamic and monarchical. The MIB combines Malay values, Islamic law (sharia) and the monarchy as fundamental pillars of Brunei's government and society.

9. Private tip : The Privy Council, composed of members selected by the Sultan, acts as an advisory body on matters of government and policy. Legislative: Brunei has a bicameral legislative system consisting of the majlis mesyuaratnegara (national council). However, the legislative power is largely subordinate to the sultan and the privy council.

10. Human Rights and Society: Although Brunei has made progress in areas such as education and health, the country has faced criticism for its human rights record, especially in relation to political freedoms, freedom of expression and minority rights.

11. Step into the Abode of Peace Brunei is a tiny country in southeast Asia on Bonio island in between Malaysia and Indonesia. The population is a mix of ethnics, Malays, Indonesians, Indians and Filipinos, their native tongue is Malayo but almost every body speaks English so you will not have problems to interact with them.

12. Religion Islam: Islam is the predominant religion in Brunei and plays a central role in the country's cultural and social life. Most Bruneians practice Sunni islam of the Shafi'i school. Religious practices : Religious practices are an integral part of daily life in Brunei, including the five daily prayers , fasting during the month of Ramadan , and participation in Islamic holidays such as Eid al- Fitr and Eid al- Adha .

13. Join Iftar at Frame Brunei Darussalam Consider joining the locals as they gather near the “Frame Brunei Darussalam” closer to sunset to break their fast. It is a communal moment filled with warmth and togetherness. You’ll also hear the adhan (call to prayer) resonating from the Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque, signaling the time for iftar . It is a beautiful tradition that captures the essence of Ramadhan in Brunei, and being part of it offers a profound cultural experience.

14. Join Tarawih Prayers and Community Gatherings For muslim visitors, experience the serenity of the Tarawih prayer in the evening, as muslims devote themselves to worship and spiritual reflection

15. Traditional Culture Art and Music: Brunei's traditional culture is reflected in its arts, music and dance. Gamelan, a form of instrumental music, and zapin , a traditional dance, are important elements of Brunei culture. Architecture: Traditional Brunei architecture is characterized by its Malay and Islamic influences. The Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque in Bandar Seri Begawan is a prominent example of Islamic architecture in Brunei.

16. Language communication Malay: Malay is the official language of Brunei and is used in government, education and the media. English: Although Malay is the primary language, English is also widely spoken and used in commerce, education and tourism.

17. Sport Football is the most popular sport played in Brunei. Various sports are also practiced in Brunei, along with leisure activities; from badminton and swimming to horse riding, mountain biking and paintball.

18. Gastronomy Nasi lemak is one of the most typical dishes in the country. It usually consists of a plate of rice surrounded by slices of cucumber, anchovies, toasted peanuts, boiled egg and chicken or beef with a very spicy sauce. Beef Rendang: slow cooked beef in lemongrass and coconut sauce  Udang Sambal Serai Bersantan : prawns cooked with chili and coconut milk.

19. Tourism and International Relations Brunei offers a variety of tourist attractions that reflect its rich culture, history and natural beauty.

20. Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque A stunning architectural marvel, blending Mughal and Malay styles with its iconic golden dome and serene setting on an artificial lagoon.

21. Ulu Temburong National Park A biodiverse rainforest conservation area, providing opportunities for ecotourism and adventure activities such as canopy walks and river trips

22. Kampong Ayer Best known as the " Venice of the East ," is a historic water village characterized by traditional stilt houses interconnected by wooden walkways over the River, showcasing the country's cultural heritage.

23. Sultan's Palace The official residence of the Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah, and is considered one of the largest residential palaces in the world, featuring opulent architecture and extensive grounds.

24. Events and Festivals:

25. Hari Raya Aidilfitri Eid al-Fitr, is a joyous Islamic holiday celebrating the end of Ramadan with prayers, feasting, and acts of charity.

26. Hari Raya Aidiladha Eid al-Adha, commemorates Prophet Ibrahim's willingness to sacrifice his son and is celebrated with prayers, animal sacrifices, and the sharing of meat among family and the needy.

27. Respecting Local Customs As a guest in Brunei, respecting local customs is essential. Dress modestly, particularly in public areas and religious sites. Be mindful of cultural sensitivities and social norms.

28. International relations: ASEAN Member (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Focused on promoting cooperation, economic integration, and peace in the region.

29. United Nations (UN), The World Trade Organization (WTO) and The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).

30. Bilateral Relations: United States, United Kingdom, China, Japan and Countries in the Asia-Pacific region.

31. Challenges and Opportunities: Brunei has to find a way to grow tourism without harming its environment and culture, so it's important to promote tourism that doesn't cause damage. Even though it's tough to do this and to make friends with more countries, Brunei can still use its interesting culture and natural beauty to get more tourists and make itself more well-known around the world.