Group Anatomy bones and ossification ppt

Organized and summarized Anatomy ossification

1. DISCUSS THE CASTILAGINOUS AND MEMBRENOUS OSSIFICATION PRESENTATION FOR GROUP 9 MAKUMBI BENARD, NAKISUYI SHAFIKAH 2500405894 AIPO DAISY 2500404491

2. Ossification forms new bone tissue, for occurring through intromembranous ossification, a direct process from mesencumal tissue forming flat bones and endocondos ossification which uses a cartilage model as a precursor to form most long bones. Both process starts from mesenetining and cell but differ in their intermediate steps, ultimately resulting in the same born tissue type.

3. Drawing showing bone formation

4. INTRAMENBRANOUS OSSICICATION. Process; mrenchymal cells differentiate directly into bone form ostoblasts , which then lays down bone tissue with in a connective tissue membrane. Bones formed; this process forms the flat bones of the skull (like the parietal and occipital bones, clancle and the rudimentary bones of the head). Characteristics which endacheondral ossification this is no intermediate cartilage stage.

5. ENDACHEONDRAL OSSIFICATION Process; a model of hydrine cartilage is first formed from mesenchymal tissue. Ostoblasts then replace this cartilage with bones. Bone formed. This process forms the long bones lengthen at the peripheral plate where chondrocytes (cartilage cells) divided and add to the cartilage model which is then replaced by the bone.

6. SYNOVIAL JOINT A synovial joint is a freely movable ( diarthrosis joint) characterized by a fluid filled joint carvity between articulating bones which allows for greater mobility and prevents friction. Key components which includes articular cartilage, which cover the bone end, the joint capasule made of made of afybrow outer layer and an inner synovial membrane that produces lubricating synovial fluid and ligament that stabilizes the bone synovial joint are classified by their shape and the type of movement they permit, such as ball and socket joint (shoulder, hip) hinge (elbow, knee and pivot (neck) joints

7. Synovial joint diagram

8. KEY COMPONENTS Articular cartilage; a thin smooth layer of hyaline cartilage that cover the end with in a joint reducing function and ability shock. Joint capsule; a fibrous structure that encloses the joint, holding the bones together. It has two layers. Outer fibrous membranes; provides structural integrity the joint. Inner synovial membrane; a thin, cellular layer that lines the joint cavity and produces the synovial fluid. Synovial fluid; viscous lubricating fluids that fills the joint cavity, nourishes the cartilage and reduces function during movement. Ligament; strong bones of connective tissues that connect bone to bone providing stability to the joint.

9. Types of synovial joint Synovial joint are categorized based on the shape of their articulating surface and the type of movement they allow. Ball and socket; allow movement in multiple planes, such as the shoulder and hinge joint. Hinge joint permits movement in a single plane like the knee and elbow joint. Pivot; allow for rotation around an aims such as the joint of the top of the spine that enable head rotation. Saddle; fitness naprocal concave-surfaces that allow for a head range of motion including the thumb joint ( carromataapar joint) Condyloid ; allows for movement in two plane bones, farth and sidate side such as the radio capsule joint. Plane permits sliding movement between flat surfaces such as the joint between the skull bone in the feet.

10. Functions of synovial joint The primary functions of the synovial joint is to provide a wide range of motion between bones while also preventing friction and absorbing shock during movement . Pressure absorber