Guidlines_BSKE_Poll_Watching_Modules_For_Watchers_&_Coordinators&CSOs.ppt
RichardDaliyong1
6 views
66 slides
Oct 27, 2025
Slide 1 of 66
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
About This Presentation
The guideline sets an example on how to detect fraudulent acts during the conduct of BSKE or manual elections
Slide Content
POLL WATCHING
Guidelines for Guidelines for
WATCHERS and WATCHERS and
COORDINATORSCOORDINATORS
Guidelines for Guidelines for
WATCHERS and WATCHERS and
COORDINATORSCOORDINATORS
MODULE 01MODULE 01
Board of Election Inspectors,
precinct & Polling Place, and
Basic Election Paraphernalia
Board of Election Inspectors,
precinct & Polling Place, and
Basic Election Paraphernalia
Board of Election InspectorsBoard of Election Inspectors
(BEI)(BEI)
Composition:Composition:
ChairpersonChairperson
Poll ClerkPoll Clerk
Third MemberThird Member
(BEI)(BEI)
Composition:Composition:
ChairpersonChairperson
Poll ClerkPoll Clerk
Third MemberThird Member
Board of Election Inspectors (BEI)Board of Election Inspectors (BEI)
Who can be a member of the BEI:Who can be a member of the BEI:
Public School TeachersPublic School Teachers
In case of lack of Public School Teachers:In case of lack of Public School Teachers:
Private School Teachers;Private School Teachers;
Employees in the Civil Service;Employees in the Civil Service;
Other citizens of known probity and Other citizens of known probity and
competence who are registered voters competence who are registered voters
of the municipalityof the municipality
Who can be a member of the BEI:Who can be a member of the BEI:
Public School TeachersPublic School Teachers
In case of lack of Public School Teachers:In case of lack of Public School Teachers:
Private School Teachers;Private School Teachers;
Employees in the Civil Service;Employees in the Civil Service;
Other citizens of known probity and Other citizens of known probity and
competence who are registered voters competence who are registered voters
of the municipalityof the municipality
Board of Election Inspectors (BEI)Board of Election Inspectors (BEI)
Qualifications of BEI:Qualifications of BEI:
Of good moral character;Of good moral character;
Registered voter of the Registered voter of the
municipality;municipality;
Has never been convicted of any Has never been convicted of any
election offense or any other crime election offense or any other crime
punishable by more than six (6) punishable by more than six (6)
months of imprisonment;months of imprisonment;
Must know how to speak and write Must know how to speak and write
in English or local dialect.in English or local dialect.
Qualifications of BEI:Qualifications of BEI:
Of good moral character;Of good moral character;
Registered voter of the Registered voter of the
municipality;municipality;
Has never been convicted of any Has never been convicted of any
election offense or any other crime election offense or any other crime
punishable by more than six (6) punishable by more than six (6)
months of imprisonment;months of imprisonment;
Must know how to speak and write Must know how to speak and write
in English or local dialect.in English or local dialect.
DUTIES and POWERS of BEIDUTIES and POWERS of BEI
Conduct the voting and counting of votes in Conduct the voting and counting of votes in
the polling place;the polling place;
Count the votes and prepare the election Count the votes and prepare the election
returns;returns;
Furnish Watchers signed Certificate of Votes Furnish Watchers signed Certificate of Votes
upon request;upon request;
Deliver the Book of Voters and List of Voters Deliver the Book of Voters and List of Voters
to the election registrar after elections;to the election registrar after elections;
They can ASSIST illiterate/disabled voters;They can ASSIST illiterate/disabled voters;
Act as deputies of the COMELEC for orderly, Act as deputies of the COMELEC for orderly,
honest, peaceful and credible elections:honest, peaceful and credible elections:
–They have the power to transfer polling place in They have the power to transfer polling place in
case of imminent danger;case of imminent danger;
–They have the power to cause the arrest of anyone They have the power to cause the arrest of anyone
inside the precinct/polling place in case the inside the precinct/polling place in case the
election proceedings (voting & counting) are being election proceedings (voting & counting) are being
jeopardizedjeopardized
Conduct the voting and counting of votes in Conduct the voting and counting of votes in
the polling place;the polling place;
Count the votes and prepare the election Count the votes and prepare the election
returns;returns;
Furnish Watchers signed Certificate of Votes Furnish Watchers signed Certificate of Votes
upon request;upon request;
Deliver the Book of Voters and List of Voters Deliver the Book of Voters and List of Voters
to the election registrar after elections;to the election registrar after elections;
They can ASSIST illiterate/disabled voters;They can ASSIST illiterate/disabled voters;
Act as deputies of the COMELEC for orderly, Act as deputies of the COMELEC for orderly,
honest, peaceful and credible elections:honest, peaceful and credible elections:
–They have the power to transfer polling place in They have the power to transfer polling place in
case of imminent danger;case of imminent danger;
–They have the power to cause the arrest of anyone They have the power to cause the arrest of anyone
inside the precinct/polling place in case the inside the precinct/polling place in case the
election proceedings (voting & counting) are being election proceedings (voting & counting) are being
jeopardizedjeopardized
Precincts & Polling PlacesPrecincts & Polling Places
Precinct – the unit of territory for Precinct – the unit of territory for
the purpose of votingthe purpose of voting
Polling Place – preferably public Polling Place – preferably public
school buildings, if none, other school buildings, if none, other
government buildingsgovernment buildings
- In places where no suitable - In places where no suitable
public building is available, public building is available,
private school buildings may be private school buildings may be
used used
Precinct – the unit of territory for Precinct – the unit of territory for
the purpose of votingthe purpose of voting
Polling Place – preferably public Polling Place – preferably public
school buildings, if none, other school buildings, if none, other
government buildingsgovernment buildings
- In places where no suitable - In places where no suitable
public building is available, public building is available,
private school buildings may be private school buildings may be
used used
ELECTION DOCUMENTSELECTION DOCUMENTS
BALLOTSBALLOTS
–Forms prescribed by the COMELEC, Forms prescribed by the COMELEC,
prepared by government printing offices prepared by government printing offices
with security markings, serial numbers, with security markings, serial numbers,
printed on special paper;printed on special paper;
–Contains elective offices and sufficient Contains elective offices and sufficient
space to be filled by voters;space to be filled by voters;
–There are many types of Ballots;There are many types of Ballots;
BALLOTSBALLOTS
–Forms prescribed by the COMELEC, Forms prescribed by the COMELEC,
prepared by government printing offices prepared by government printing offices
with security markings, serial numbers, with security markings, serial numbers,
printed on special paper;printed on special paper;
–Contains elective offices and sufficient Contains elective offices and sufficient
space to be filled by voters;space to be filled by voters;
–There are many types of Ballots;There are many types of Ballots;
TYPES OF BALLOTSTYPES OF BALLOTS
OFFICIAL BALLOTS;OFFICIAL BALLOTS;
OFFICIAL SAMPLE BALLOTS;OFFICIAL SAMPLE BALLOTS;
SAMPLE BALLOTS;SAMPLE BALLOTS;
EMERGENCY BALLOTS;EMERGENCY BALLOTS;
SPOILED BALLOTS;SPOILED BALLOTS;
MARKED BALLOTSMARKED BALLOTS
SPURIOUS BALLOTS;SPURIOUS BALLOTS;
NON-OFFICIAL BALLOTS;NON-OFFICIAL BALLOTS;
UNUSED BALLOTS;UNUSED BALLOTS;
EXCESS BALLOTS;EXCESS BALLOTS;
BALLOTS FOLDED TOGETHER;BALLOTS FOLDED TOGETHER;
USED BALLOTS WITH DETACHABLE COUPON;USED BALLOTS WITH DETACHABLE COUPON;
VALID BALLOTS IN COMPARTMENT FOR SPOILED BALLOTS;VALID BALLOTS IN COMPARTMENT FOR SPOILED BALLOTS;
SPOILED BALLOTS IN COMPARTMENT OF VALID BALLOTS;SPOILED BALLOTS IN COMPARTMENT OF VALID BALLOTS;
BALLOTS WITHOUT THE SIGNATURE OF BEI BALLOTS WITHOUT THE SIGNATURE OF BEI
CHAIRPERSON;CHAIRPERSON;
SEVERAL BALLOTS WRITTEN BY ONE PERSON;SEVERAL BALLOTS WRITTEN BY ONE PERSON;
BALLOT WRITTEN BY TWO PERSONSBALLOT WRITTEN BY TWO PERSONS
OFFICIAL BALLOTS;OFFICIAL BALLOTS;
OFFICIAL SAMPLE BALLOTS;OFFICIAL SAMPLE BALLOTS;
SAMPLE BALLOTS;SAMPLE BALLOTS;
EMERGENCY BALLOTS;EMERGENCY BALLOTS;
SPOILED BALLOTS;SPOILED BALLOTS;
MARKED BALLOTSMARKED BALLOTS
SPURIOUS BALLOTS;SPURIOUS BALLOTS;
NON-OFFICIAL BALLOTS;NON-OFFICIAL BALLOTS;
UNUSED BALLOTS;UNUSED BALLOTS;
EXCESS BALLOTS;EXCESS BALLOTS;
BALLOTS FOLDED TOGETHER;BALLOTS FOLDED TOGETHER;
USED BALLOTS WITH DETACHABLE COUPON;USED BALLOTS WITH DETACHABLE COUPON;
VALID BALLOTS IN COMPARTMENT FOR SPOILED BALLOTS;VALID BALLOTS IN COMPARTMENT FOR SPOILED BALLOTS;
SPOILED BALLOTS IN COMPARTMENT OF VALID BALLOTS;SPOILED BALLOTS IN COMPARTMENT OF VALID BALLOTS;
BALLOTS WITHOUT THE SIGNATURE OF BEI BALLOTS WITHOUT THE SIGNATURE OF BEI
CHAIRPERSON;CHAIRPERSON;
SEVERAL BALLOTS WRITTEN BY ONE PERSON;SEVERAL BALLOTS WRITTEN BY ONE PERSON;
BALLOT WRITTEN BY TWO PERSONSBALLOT WRITTEN BY TWO PERSONS
ELECTION RETURNSELECTION RETURNS
Forms prescribed by the COMELEC, Forms prescribed by the COMELEC,
prepared by government printing offices prepared by government printing offices
with security markings, serial numbers, with security markings, serial numbers,
printed on special paperprinted on special paper
Contains spaces for elective offices and Contains spaces for elective offices and
COLUMNAR / TABULATED SPACES where COLUMNAR / TABULATED SPACES where
the total number of votes garnered by the the total number of votes garnered by the
candidates are written IN WORDS and IN candidates are written IN WORDS and IN
FIGURESFIGURES
It is the one needed by the municipal It is the one needed by the municipal
Board of Canvassers (BOC) for the Board of Canvassers (BOC) for the
Municipal CanvassingMunicipal Canvassing
Forms prescribed by the COMELEC, Forms prescribed by the COMELEC,
prepared by government printing offices prepared by government printing offices
with security markings, serial numbers, with security markings, serial numbers,
printed on special paperprinted on special paper
Contains spaces for elective offices and Contains spaces for elective offices and
COLUMNAR / TABULATED SPACES where COLUMNAR / TABULATED SPACES where
the total number of votes garnered by the the total number of votes garnered by the
candidates are written IN WORDS and IN candidates are written IN WORDS and IN
FIGURESFIGURES
It is the one needed by the municipal It is the one needed by the municipal
Board of Canvassers (BOC) for the Board of Canvassers (BOC) for the
Municipal CanvassingMunicipal Canvassing
TALLY SHEETS (Board)TALLY SHEETS (Board)
Forms prescribed by the COMELEC, Forms prescribed by the COMELEC,
prepared by government printing offices prepared by government printing offices
with security markings, serial numbers, with security markings, serial numbers,
printed on special paperprinted on special paper
Contains spaces for elective offices and Contains spaces for elective offices and
COLUMNAR / TABULATED SPACES for COLUMNAR / TABULATED SPACES for
TARAS where each TARA corresponds one TARAS where each TARA corresponds one
vote and are grouped into five TARAS vote and are grouped into five TARAS
equivalent to ONE TALLY. The total equivalent to ONE TALLY. The total
number of votes garnered by the number of votes garnered by the
candidates are likewise written IN WORDS candidates are likewise written IN WORDS
and IN FIGURES at the end portion of the and IN FIGURES at the end portion of the
space provided.space provided.
Forms prescribed by the COMELEC, Forms prescribed by the COMELEC,
prepared by government printing offices prepared by government printing offices
with security markings, serial numbers, with security markings, serial numbers,
printed on special paperprinted on special paper
Contains spaces for elective offices and Contains spaces for elective offices and
COLUMNAR / TABULATED SPACES for COLUMNAR / TABULATED SPACES for
TARAS where each TARA corresponds one TARAS where each TARA corresponds one
vote and are grouped into five TARAS vote and are grouped into five TARAS
equivalent to ONE TALLY. The total equivalent to ONE TALLY. The total
number of votes garnered by the number of votes garnered by the
candidates are likewise written IN WORDS candidates are likewise written IN WORDS
and IN FIGURES at the end portion of the and IN FIGURES at the end portion of the
space provided.space provided.
BASIC and SENSITIVE BASIC and SENSITIVE
ELECTION DOCUMENTSELECTION DOCUMENTS
BALLOTS and BALLOT BOXBALLOTS and BALLOT BOX
ELECTION RETURNS and TALLY ELECTION RETURNS and TALLY
SHEETS/BOARDSHEETS/BOARD
BOOK OF VOTERSBOOK OF VOTERS
COMPUTERIZED VOTERS LISTCOMPUTERIZED VOTERS LIST
LIST OF DEACTIVATED VOTERSLIST OF DEACTIVATED VOTERS
MINUTES OF VOTING AND COUNTING – MINUTES OF VOTING AND COUNTING –
reveals the number of assisted reveals the number of assisted
illiterate/disabled voters; challenged illiterate/disabled voters; challenged
voters; any form of voters; any form of
proceedings/resolutions that transpired in proceedings/resolutions that transpired in
the precinctthe precinct
ELECTION DOCUMENTSELECTION DOCUMENTS
BALLOTS and BALLOT BOXBALLOTS and BALLOT BOX
ELECTION RETURNS and TALLY ELECTION RETURNS and TALLY
SHEETS/BOARDSHEETS/BOARD
BOOK OF VOTERSBOOK OF VOTERS
COMPUTERIZED VOTERS LISTCOMPUTERIZED VOTERS LIST
LIST OF DEACTIVATED VOTERSLIST OF DEACTIVATED VOTERS
MINUTES OF VOTING AND COUNTING – MINUTES OF VOTING AND COUNTING –
reveals the number of assisted reveals the number of assisted
illiterate/disabled voters; challenged illiterate/disabled voters; challenged
voters; any form of voters; any form of
proceedings/resolutions that transpired in proceedings/resolutions that transpired in
the precinctthe precinct
MODULE 02MODULE 02
POLL WATCHERS and POLL WATCHERS and
COORDINATORSCOORDINATORS
POLL WATCHERS and POLL WATCHERS and
COORDINATORSCOORDINATORS
QUALIFICATIONS OF WatchersQUALIFICATIONS OF Watchers
Must be a qualified voter of the municipality Must be a qualified voter of the municipality
where he/she is assigned;where he/she is assigned;
Must possess a good reputation and not Must possess a good reputation and not
convicted by final judgment of any election convicted by final judgment of any election
offense or any crime;offense or any crime;
Must know how to read and write English, Must know how to read and write English,
Filipino or the prevailing dialect;Filipino or the prevailing dialect;
Must not be related within the 4Must not be related within the 4
thth
civil degree civil degree
of consanguinity/affinity to the BEI.of consanguinity/affinity to the BEI.
NO SIGHT OR HEARING IMPAIRMENTNO SIGHT OR HEARING IMPAIRMENT
Must be a qualified voter of the municipality Must be a qualified voter of the municipality
where he/she is assigned;where he/she is assigned;
Must possess a good reputation and not Must possess a good reputation and not
convicted by final judgment of any election convicted by final judgment of any election
offense or any crime;offense or any crime;
Must know how to read and write English, Must know how to read and write English,
Filipino or the prevailing dialect;Filipino or the prevailing dialect;
Must not be related within the 4Must not be related within the 4
thth
civil degree civil degree
of consanguinity/affinity to the BEI.of consanguinity/affinity to the BEI.
NO SIGHT OR HEARING IMPAIRMENTNO SIGHT OR HEARING IMPAIRMENT
RIGHTS and DUTIES OF WATCHERSRIGHTS and DUTIES OF WATCHERS
(Sec. 179 OEC as modified by Sec.12, RA 6646)(Sec. 179 OEC as modified by Sec.12, RA 6646)
To stay in the place or space reserved for them To stay in the place or space reserved for them
inside the polling place;inside the polling place;
To witness and inform themselves of the To witness and inform themselves of the
proceedings of the BEI;proceedings of the BEI;
Take notes of what they see or hear;Take notes of what they see or hear;
To take photographs of proceedings and incidents, if To take photographs of proceedings and incidents, if
any, during the counting of votes, as well as of any, during the counting of votes, as well as of
election returns, tally boards and ballot boxes;election returns, tally boards and ballot boxes;
To file a protest against any irregularity or violation To file a protest against any irregularity or violation
of law which they believe may have been committed of law which they believe may have been committed
by any member of the BEI, or by any persons;by any member of the BEI, or by any persons;
To obtain from the BEI a certificate as to the filing of To obtain from the BEI a certificate as to the filing of
such protest (CERTIFICATION OF PROTEST) and/or such protest (CERTIFICATION OF PROTEST) and/or
of the Resolution thereon;of the Resolution thereon;
(Sec. 179 OEC as modified by Sec.12, RA 6646)(Sec. 179 OEC as modified by Sec.12, RA 6646)
To stay in the place or space reserved for them To stay in the place or space reserved for them
inside the polling place;inside the polling place;
To witness and inform themselves of the To witness and inform themselves of the
proceedings of the BEI;proceedings of the BEI;
Take notes of what they see or hear;Take notes of what they see or hear;
To take photographs of proceedings and incidents, if To take photographs of proceedings and incidents, if
any, during the counting of votes, as well as of any, during the counting of votes, as well as of
election returns, tally boards and ballot boxes;election returns, tally boards and ballot boxes;
To file a protest against any irregularity or violation To file a protest against any irregularity or violation
of law which they believe may have been committed of law which they believe may have been committed
by any member of the BEI, or by any persons;by any member of the BEI, or by any persons;
To obtain from the BEI a certificate as to the filing of To obtain from the BEI a certificate as to the filing of
such protest (CERTIFICATION OF PROTEST) and/or such protest (CERTIFICATION OF PROTEST) and/or
of the Resolution thereon;of the Resolution thereon;
RIGHTS and DUTIES OF WATCHERS…Cont…RIGHTS and DUTIES OF WATCHERS…Cont…
To read the ballots after they have been read by To read the ballots after they have been read by
the BEI Chairman, as well as the election returns the BEI Chairman, as well as the election returns
after they shall have been completed and signed after they shall have been completed and signed
by the BEI members WITHOUT TOUCHING THEM;by the BEI members WITHOUT TOUCHING THEM;
To be furnished upon request a Certificate of To be furnished upon request a Certificate of
Votes Cast (in words and in figures) for the Votes Cast (in words and in figures) for the
candidates, duly signed and thumbmarked by the candidates, duly signed and thumbmarked by the
BEI BEI (refusal of the BEI to sign and furnish such (refusal of the BEI to sign and furnish such
certificate shall constitute an election offense certificate shall constitute an election offense
punishable under the OEC)punishable under the OEC);;
Watchers shall not speak to any member of the Watchers shall not speak to any member of the
BEI or to any voter or among themselves in such BEI or to any voter or among themselves in such
a manner as would disturb the proceedings of the a manner as would disturb the proceedings of the
BEI.BEI.
To read the ballots after they have been read by To read the ballots after they have been read by
the BEI Chairman, as well as the election returns the BEI Chairman, as well as the election returns
after they shall have been completed and signed after they shall have been completed and signed
by the BEI members WITHOUT TOUCHING THEM;by the BEI members WITHOUT TOUCHING THEM;
To be furnished upon request a Certificate of To be furnished upon request a Certificate of
Votes Cast (in words and in figures) for the Votes Cast (in words and in figures) for the
candidates, duly signed and thumbmarked by the candidates, duly signed and thumbmarked by the
BEI BEI (refusal of the BEI to sign and furnish such (refusal of the BEI to sign and furnish such
certificate shall constitute an election offense certificate shall constitute an election offense
punishable under the OEC)punishable under the OEC);;
Watchers shall not speak to any member of the Watchers shall not speak to any member of the
BEI or to any voter or among themselves in such BEI or to any voter or among themselves in such
a manner as would disturb the proceedings of the a manner as would disturb the proceedings of the
BEI.BEI.
REMINDERS to all Watchers and REMINDERS to all Watchers and
CoordinatorsCoordinators
Always keep awake in performing Always keep awake in performing
duties;duties;
Concentrate on the duties Concentrate on the duties
assigned to you by the party/HQ;assigned to you by the party/HQ;
Do not leave your designated Do not leave your designated
place while on duty; &place while on duty; &
Protect at all times, the integrity of Protect at all times, the integrity of
the Party/HQ;the Party/HQ;
CoordinatorsCoordinators
Always keep awake in performing Always keep awake in performing
duties;duties;
Concentrate on the duties Concentrate on the duties
assigned to you by the party/HQ;assigned to you by the party/HQ;
Do not leave your designated Do not leave your designated
place while on duty; &place while on duty; &
Protect at all times, the integrity of Protect at all times, the integrity of
the Party/HQ;the Party/HQ;
Obtain your Identification Card (ID) Obtain your Identification Card (ID)
and Appointment from the HQ;and Appointment from the HQ;
Secure the final list of voters & verify Secure the final list of voters & verify
its accuracy by counter-checking the its accuracy by counter-checking the
names of the voters, their addresses names of the voters, their addresses
& personal circumstances;& personal circumstances;
Take note of the names if they exist Take note of the names if they exist
in the locality, else prepare to in the locality, else prepare to
challenge such voters as challenge such voters as FLYING FLYING
VOTERS VOTERS if they appear & cast their if they appear & cast their
votes during election day;votes during election day;
DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and
COORDINATORSCOORDINATORS
Obtain your Identification Card (ID) Obtain your Identification Card (ID)
and Appointment from the HQ;and Appointment from the HQ;
Secure the final list of voters & verify Secure the final list of voters & verify
its accuracy by counter-checking the its accuracy by counter-checking the
names of the voters, their addresses names of the voters, their addresses
& personal circumstances;& personal circumstances;
Take note of the names if they exist Take note of the names if they exist
in the locality, else prepare to in the locality, else prepare to
challenge such voters as challenge such voters as FLYING FLYING
VOTERS VOTERS if they appear & cast their if they appear & cast their
votes during election day;votes during election day;
DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and
COORDINATORSCOORDINATORS
Strive to familiarize yourself with the Strive to familiarize yourself with the
persons in the voters’ list to ensure persons in the voters’ list to ensure
that only legitimately registered that only legitimately registered
voters are allowed to cast their votes voters are allowed to cast their votes
during election day;during election day;
Be able to identify possible Be able to identify possible
sympathizers and inform them of sympathizers and inform them of
their exact precincts in the polling their exact precincts in the polling
place and advice them to cast their place and advice them to cast their
votes early to avoid overcrowding;votes early to avoid overcrowding;
DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and COORDINATORS … DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and COORDINATORS … cont.cont.
Strive to familiarize yourself with the Strive to familiarize yourself with the
persons in the voters’ list to ensure persons in the voters’ list to ensure
that only legitimately registered that only legitimately registered
voters are allowed to cast their votes voters are allowed to cast their votes
during election day;during election day;
Be able to identify possible Be able to identify possible
sympathizers and inform them of sympathizers and inform them of
their exact precincts in the polling their exact precincts in the polling
place and advice them to cast their place and advice them to cast their
votes early to avoid overcrowding;votes early to avoid overcrowding;
DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and COORDINATORS … DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and COORDINATORS … cont.cont.
Instruct them on how to cast their Instruct them on how to cast their
votes to enable them to interpose votes to enable them to interpose
objections if there is a violation on objections if there is a violation on
the procedures as prescribed by law;the procedures as prescribed by law;
Attend seminars for watchers to Attend seminars for watchers to
enrich your knowledge of the election enrich your knowledge of the election
laws, rules and procedures;laws, rules and procedures;
Familiarize yourself with all election Familiarize yourself with all election
frauds before, during casting of votes frauds before, during casting of votes
and canvassing of results;and canvassing of results;
DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and COORDINATORS … DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and COORDINATORS … cont.cont.
Instruct them on how to cast their Instruct them on how to cast their
votes to enable them to interpose votes to enable them to interpose
objections if there is a violation on objections if there is a violation on
the procedures as prescribed by law;the procedures as prescribed by law;
Attend seminars for watchers to Attend seminars for watchers to
enrich your knowledge of the election enrich your knowledge of the election
laws, rules and procedures;laws, rules and procedures;
Familiarize yourself with all election Familiarize yourself with all election
frauds before, during casting of votes frauds before, during casting of votes
and canvassing of results;and canvassing of results;
DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and COORDINATORS … DUTIES common to all WATCHERS and COORDINATORS … cont.cont.
MODULE 03MODULE 03
Casting and Counting Casting and Counting
of Votesof Votes
Casting and Counting Casting and Counting
of Votesof Votes
Steps in the Casting of votes Steps in the Casting of votes
1)1)Voters approach the BEI chairperson in the Voters approach the BEI chairperson in the
order of their entrance;order of their entrance;
2)2)BEI chairperson announces name of voter BEI chairperson announces name of voter (at (at
this point may be challenged as an illegal this point may be challenged as an illegal
voter or for commission of any illegal act)voter or for commission of any illegal act);;
3)3)Voter signs in voting record;Voter signs in voting record;
4)4)BEI chairperson enters ballot in voting BEI chairperson enters ballot in voting
record;record;
5)5)BEI chairperson signs at the back of the BEI chairperson signs at the back of the
ballot;ballot;
6)6)BEI chairperson gives one ballot to voter;BEI chairperson gives one ballot to voter;
7)7)Voter proceeds to voting booth (if voter Voter proceeds to voting booth (if voter
spoils ballot, must be surrendered and be spoils ballot, must be surrendered and be
given another);given another);
1)1)Voters approach the BEI chairperson in the Voters approach the BEI chairperson in the
order of their entrance;order of their entrance;
2)2)BEI chairperson announces name of voter BEI chairperson announces name of voter (at (at
this point may be challenged as an illegal this point may be challenged as an illegal
voter or for commission of any illegal act)voter or for commission of any illegal act);;
3)3)Voter signs in voting record;Voter signs in voting record;
4)4)BEI chairperson enters ballot in voting BEI chairperson enters ballot in voting
record;record;
5)5)BEI chairperson signs at the back of the BEI chairperson signs at the back of the
ballot;ballot;
6)6)BEI chairperson gives one ballot to voter;BEI chairperson gives one ballot to voter;
7)7)Voter proceeds to voting booth (if voter Voter proceeds to voting booth (if voter
spoils ballot, must be surrendered and be spoils ballot, must be surrendered and be
given another);given another);
Casting of Votes … Casting of Votes … Cont.Cont.
8)8)Voter delivers folded ballot to BEI Voter delivers folded ballot to BEI
chairperson;chairperson;
9)9)Voter affixes thumb mark in voting record;Voter affixes thumb mark in voting record;
10)10)BEI chairperson applies indelible ink on right BEI chairperson applies indelible ink on right
forefinger nail of voter;forefinger nail of voter;
11)11)BEI chairperson signs voting record;BEI chairperson signs voting record;
12)12)BEI chairperson detaches coupon and BEI chairperson detaches coupon and
deposit folded ballot in compartment for deposit folded ballot in compartment for
valid ballot and coupon in compartment for valid ballot and coupon in compartment for
spoiled ballots;spoiled ballots;
13)13)Voter leaves;Voter leaves;
14)14)At the end of voting hours, unused ballots At the end of voting hours, unused ballots
are torn halfwayare torn halfway
8)8)Voter delivers folded ballot to BEI Voter delivers folded ballot to BEI
chairperson;chairperson;
9)9)Voter affixes thumb mark in voting record;Voter affixes thumb mark in voting record;
10)10)BEI chairperson applies indelible ink on right BEI chairperson applies indelible ink on right
forefinger nail of voter;forefinger nail of voter;
11)11)BEI chairperson signs voting record;BEI chairperson signs voting record;
12)12)BEI chairperson detaches coupon and BEI chairperson detaches coupon and
deposit folded ballot in compartment for deposit folded ballot in compartment for
valid ballot and coupon in compartment for valid ballot and coupon in compartment for
spoiled ballots;spoiled ballots;
13)13)Voter leaves;Voter leaves;
14)14)At the end of voting hours, unused ballots At the end of voting hours, unused ballots
are torn halfwayare torn halfway
COUNTING OF VOTESCOUNTING OF VOTES
1)1)Ballot box is opened;Ballot box is opened;
2)2)Ballots in the compartment for valid ballots are Ballots in the compartment for valid ballots are
counted (not yet unfolded and read);counted (not yet unfolded and read);
3)3)BEI compare the number of ballots in the ballot BEI compare the number of ballots in the ballot
box with the number of voters who voted. (box with the number of voters who voted. (If If
there are excess ballots, the ballots shall be there are excess ballots, the ballots shall be
returned to the box, mixed and the poll clerk returned to the box, mixed and the poll clerk
without seeing the ballots and with his/her back without seeing the ballots and with his/her back
to the box, shall publicly draw out as many to the box, shall publicly draw out as many
ballots as equal to the excess)ballots as equal to the excess);;
4)4)Ballots are then unfolded;Ballots are then unfolded;
5)5)BEI determine if there are marked ballots;BEI determine if there are marked ballots;
6)6)BEI form separate piles of 100 ballots each, BEI form separate piles of 100 ballots each,
which shall be held together by rubber bands which shall be held together by rubber bands
with the cardboard of the size of the ballots to with the cardboard of the size of the ballots to
serve as folders;serve as folders;
1)1)Ballot box is opened;Ballot box is opened;
2)2)Ballots in the compartment for valid ballots are Ballots in the compartment for valid ballots are
counted (not yet unfolded and read);counted (not yet unfolded and read);
3)3)BEI compare the number of ballots in the ballot BEI compare the number of ballots in the ballot
box with the number of voters who voted. (box with the number of voters who voted. (If If
there are excess ballots, the ballots shall be there are excess ballots, the ballots shall be
returned to the box, mixed and the poll clerk returned to the box, mixed and the poll clerk
without seeing the ballots and with his/her back without seeing the ballots and with his/her back
to the box, shall publicly draw out as many to the box, shall publicly draw out as many
ballots as equal to the excess)ballots as equal to the excess);;
4)4)Ballots are then unfolded;Ballots are then unfolded;
5)5)BEI determine if there are marked ballots;BEI determine if there are marked ballots;
6)6)BEI form separate piles of 100 ballots each, BEI form separate piles of 100 ballots each,
which shall be held together by rubber bands which shall be held together by rubber bands
with the cardboard of the size of the ballots to with the cardboard of the size of the ballots to
serve as folders;serve as folders;
Counting of Votes … Counting of Votes … cont.cont.
7)7)BEI chairperson takes the ballots of the first BEI chairperson takes the ballots of the first
pile one by one and read the names of the pile one by one and read the names of the
candidates voted for and the offices for candidates voted for and the offices for
which they were voted in the order in which which they were voted in the order in which
they appear thereon they appear thereon (must assume position (must assume position
where watchers may be able to read the where watchers may be able to read the
names);names);
8)8)BEI chair signs and affixes his right hand BEI chair signs and affixes his right hand
thumb mark at the back of the ballot thumb mark at the back of the ballot
immediately after it is countedimmediately after it is counted;;
9)9)Poll clerk shall record on the election returns Poll clerk shall record on the election returns
while the third member records on the tally while the third member records on the tally
board or sheet each vote as the names voted board or sheet each vote as the names voted
for each office are read;for each office are read;
7)7)BEI chairperson takes the ballots of the first BEI chairperson takes the ballots of the first
pile one by one and read the names of the pile one by one and read the names of the
candidates voted for and the offices for candidates voted for and the offices for
which they were voted in the order in which which they were voted in the order in which
they appear thereon they appear thereon (must assume position (must assume position
where watchers may be able to read the where watchers may be able to read the
names);names);
8)8)BEI chair signs and affixes his right hand BEI chair signs and affixes his right hand
thumb mark at the back of the ballot thumb mark at the back of the ballot
immediately after it is countedimmediately after it is counted;;
9)9)Poll clerk shall record on the election returns Poll clerk shall record on the election returns
while the third member records on the tally while the third member records on the tally
board or sheet each vote as the names voted board or sheet each vote as the names voted
for each office are read;for each office are read;
Counting of Votes … Counting of Votes … cont.cont.
10)10)After all ballots have been read, BEI sums up After all ballots have been read, BEI sums up
the totals recorded for each candidate and the totals recorded for each candidate and
the aggregate sum shall be recorded both on the aggregate sum shall be recorded both on
the tally board or sheet and election returns;the tally board or sheet and election returns;
11)11)Counted ballots shall be placed in an Counted ballots shall be placed in an
envelope provided for that purpose which envelope provided for that purpose which
shall be closed and signed and deposited in shall be closed and signed and deposited in
the compartment for valid ballots. Tally the compartment for valid ballots. Tally
board or sheet also be placed in the board or sheet also be placed in the
compartment for valid ballots;compartment for valid ballots;
12)12)BEI then issue Certificate of Votes;BEI then issue Certificate of Votes;
13)13)BEI deliver ballot boxes and election BEI deliver ballot boxes and election
paraphernalia to local treasurer.paraphernalia to local treasurer.
10)10)After all ballots have been read, BEI sums up After all ballots have been read, BEI sums up
the totals recorded for each candidate and the totals recorded for each candidate and
the aggregate sum shall be recorded both on the aggregate sum shall be recorded both on
the tally board or sheet and election returns;the tally board or sheet and election returns;
11)11)Counted ballots shall be placed in an Counted ballots shall be placed in an
envelope provided for that purpose which envelope provided for that purpose which
shall be closed and signed and deposited in shall be closed and signed and deposited in
the compartment for valid ballots. Tally the compartment for valid ballots. Tally
board or sheet also be placed in the board or sheet also be placed in the
compartment for valid ballots;compartment for valid ballots;
12)12)BEI then issue Certificate of Votes;BEI then issue Certificate of Votes;
13)13)BEI deliver ballot boxes and election BEI deliver ballot boxes and election
paraphernalia to local treasurer.paraphernalia to local treasurer.
MODULE 04MODULE 04
REMINDERS TO WATCHERS REMINDERS TO WATCHERS
AND COORDINATORS DURING AND COORDINATORS DURING
ELECTION DAYELECTION DAY
REMINDERS TO WATCHERS REMINDERS TO WATCHERS
AND COORDINATORS DURING AND COORDINATORS DURING
ELECTION DAYELECTION DAY
During Election DayDuring Election Day
1.1.Eat well before reporting to the Eat well before reporting to the
polling place;polling place;
2.2.Refrain from drinking liquor before Refrain from drinking liquor before
going to the polling place;going to the polling place;
3.3.Report as early as possible to your Report as early as possible to your
assigned precinct (before 7:00 AM);assigned precinct (before 7:00 AM);
4.4.Survey the entire territory of the Survey the entire territory of the
polling place;polling place;
5.5.Proceed directly to your designated Proceed directly to your designated
precinct;precinct;
1.1.Eat well before reporting to the Eat well before reporting to the
polling place;polling place;
2.2.Refrain from drinking liquor before Refrain from drinking liquor before
going to the polling place;going to the polling place;
3.3.Report as early as possible to your Report as early as possible to your
assigned precinct (before 7:00 AM);assigned precinct (before 7:00 AM);
4.4.Survey the entire territory of the Survey the entire territory of the
polling place;polling place;
5.5.Proceed directly to your designated Proceed directly to your designated
precinct;precinct;
1.1.Monitor the conduct of election in your Monitor the conduct of election in your
assigned precinct;assigned precinct;
2.2.See to it that the needs of the Watchers are See to it that the needs of the Watchers are
well provided;well provided;
3.3.Be alert of election frauds, call the attention Be alert of election frauds, call the attention
of the BEI in such case;of the BEI in such case;
4.4.Take the place of the watchers alternately Take the place of the watchers alternately
in case of health necessities;in case of health necessities;
5.5.Ensure that Watchers will perform their Ensure that Watchers will perform their
assigned duties;assigned duties;
6.6.Collect and submit the Watchers Tally Collect and submit the Watchers Tally
Sheets to the Headquarters for quick count.Sheets to the Headquarters for quick count.
Duties of COORDINATORSDuties of COORDINATORS
assigned precinct;assigned precinct;
2.2.See to it that the needs of the Watchers are See to it that the needs of the Watchers are
well provided;well provided;
3.3.Be alert of election frauds, call the attention Be alert of election frauds, call the attention
of the BEI in such case;of the BEI in such case;
4.4.Take the place of the watchers alternately Take the place of the watchers alternately
in case of health necessities;in case of health necessities;
5.5.Ensure that Watchers will perform their Ensure that Watchers will perform their
assigned duties;assigned duties;
6.6.Collect and submit the Watchers Tally Collect and submit the Watchers Tally
Sheets to the Headquarters for quick count.Sheets to the Headquarters for quick count.
Duties of COORDINATORSDuties of COORDINATORS
1.1.Present Watcher’s Appointment to the BEI Present Watcher’s Appointment to the BEI
for accreditation;for accreditation;
2.2.Take the SERIAL NUMBER of the FIRST and Take the SERIAL NUMBER of the FIRST and
LAST BALLOTS;LAST BALLOTS;
3.3.Take the SERIAL NUMBER of ALL SPOILED Take the SERIAL NUMBER of ALL SPOILED
BALLOTS;BALLOTS;
4.4.Inspect the ballots inside the ballot boxes Inspect the ballots inside the ballot boxes
before the counting of votes;before the counting of votes;
5.5.Take note that the total number of votes Take note that the total number of votes
casts shall be equal to the total number of casts shall be equal to the total number of
ballots (excluding spoiled ballots);ballots (excluding spoiled ballots);
Duties of WATCHERSDuties of WATCHERS
for accreditation;for accreditation;
2.2.Take the SERIAL NUMBER of the FIRST and Take the SERIAL NUMBER of the FIRST and
LAST BALLOTS;LAST BALLOTS;
3.3.Take the SERIAL NUMBER of ALL SPOILED Take the SERIAL NUMBER of ALL SPOILED
BALLOTS;BALLOTS;
4.4.Inspect the ballots inside the ballot boxes Inspect the ballots inside the ballot boxes
before the counting of votes;before the counting of votes;
5.5.Take note that the total number of votes Take note that the total number of votes
casts shall be equal to the total number of casts shall be equal to the total number of
ballots (excluding spoiled ballots);ballots (excluding spoiled ballots);
Duties of WATCHERSDuties of WATCHERS
Duties of Watchers … Duties of Watchers … cont.cont.
6.6.Watcher #1 will stay close to the BEI Watcher #1 will stay close to the BEI
Chairperson to see and hear the names Chairperson to see and hear the names
of candidates as the Chairperson reads of candidates as the Chairperson reads
and announces the names of candidates and announces the names of candidates
on the casts ballotson the casts ballots
7.7.Watcher #2 will stay near the Tally Watcher #2 will stay near the Tally
Board. He must clearly hear the names Board. He must clearly hear the names
of the candidates that had been readof the candidates that had been read
8.8.Watcher #2 must have a copy of the Watcher #2 must have a copy of the
Tally Sheets to tally and record the Tally Sheets to tally and record the
names and votes garnered by the names and votes garnered by the
candidates being readcandidates being read
6.6.Watcher #1 will stay close to the BEI Watcher #1 will stay close to the BEI
Chairperson to see and hear the names Chairperson to see and hear the names
of candidates as the Chairperson reads of candidates as the Chairperson reads
and announces the names of candidates and announces the names of candidates
on the casts ballotson the casts ballots
7.7.Watcher #2 will stay near the Tally Watcher #2 will stay near the Tally
Board. He must clearly hear the names Board. He must clearly hear the names
of the candidates that had been readof the candidates that had been read
8.8.Watcher #2 must have a copy of the Watcher #2 must have a copy of the
Tally Sheets to tally and record the Tally Sheets to tally and record the
names and votes garnered by the names and votes garnered by the
candidates being readcandidates being read
9.9.Observe and take note of the counting Observe and take note of the counting
proceedings in close coordination with the proceedings in close coordination with the
Coordinator;Coordinator;
10.10.To take photograph of incidents, if any, or To take photograph of incidents, if any, or
document proceedings during the counting document proceedings during the counting
of votes and the accomplishment of the of votes and the accomplishment of the
election returns;election returns;
11.11.To file a protest against irregularity or To file a protest against irregularity or
violation which they believe might have violation which they believe might have
been committed by a member of the BEI or been committed by a member of the BEI or
by any person. In such case, obtain a by any person. In such case, obtain a
certificate of protest from the BEI;certificate of protest from the BEI;
12.12.To read the accomplished Election Returns To read the accomplished Election Returns
without touching them after they have without touching them after they have
been signed by the BEI members;been signed by the BEI members;
Duties of WATCHERS……. Duties of WATCHERS……. Cont.Cont.
proceedings in close coordination with the proceedings in close coordination with the
Coordinator;Coordinator;
10.10.To take photograph of incidents, if any, or To take photograph of incidents, if any, or
document proceedings during the counting document proceedings during the counting
of votes and the accomplishment of the of votes and the accomplishment of the
election returns;election returns;
11.11.To file a protest against irregularity or To file a protest against irregularity or
violation which they believe might have violation which they believe might have
been committed by a member of the BEI or been committed by a member of the BEI or
by any person. In such case, obtain a by any person. In such case, obtain a
certificate of protest from the BEI;certificate of protest from the BEI;
12.12.To read the accomplished Election Returns To read the accomplished Election Returns
without touching them after they have without touching them after they have
been signed by the BEI members;been signed by the BEI members;
Duties of WATCHERS……. Duties of WATCHERS……. Cont.Cont.
13.13.Submit your accomplished and signed Tally Submit your accomplished and signed Tally
Sheets to the Coordinator, after having Sheets to the Coordinator, after having
them verified and signed by the BEI them verified and signed by the BEI
members;members;
14.14.Obtain the Party’s copy of the Obtain the Party’s copy of the
CERTIFICATE OF VOTES (ELECTION CERTIFICATE OF VOTES (ELECTION
RETURNS) duly signed by the members of RETURNS) duly signed by the members of
BEI BEI (if your party is a dominant party)(if your party is a dominant party);;
15.15.Take note that the already counted ballots, Take note that the already counted ballots,
accomplished and signed election returns, accomplished and signed election returns,
and the tally board (sheet) must be sealed and the tally board (sheet) must be sealed
properly in the appropriate envelops to be properly in the appropriate envelops to be
placed inside the Ballot Box after the placed inside the Ballot Box after the
counting of votes;counting of votes;
Duties of WATCHERS……. Duties of WATCHERS……. Cont.Cont.
Sheets to the Coordinator, after having Sheets to the Coordinator, after having
them verified and signed by the BEI them verified and signed by the BEI
members;members;
14.14.Obtain the Party’s copy of the Obtain the Party’s copy of the
CERTIFICATE OF VOTES (ELECTION CERTIFICATE OF VOTES (ELECTION
RETURNS) duly signed by the members of RETURNS) duly signed by the members of
BEI BEI (if your party is a dominant party)(if your party is a dominant party);;
15.15.Take note that the already counted ballots, Take note that the already counted ballots,
accomplished and signed election returns, accomplished and signed election returns,
and the tally board (sheet) must be sealed and the tally board (sheet) must be sealed
properly in the appropriate envelops to be properly in the appropriate envelops to be
placed inside the Ballot Box after the placed inside the Ballot Box after the
counting of votes;counting of votes;
Duties of WATCHERS……. Duties of WATCHERS……. Cont.Cont.
16.16.Express appreciation to the BEI members Express appreciation to the BEI members
for their cooperation;for their cooperation;
17.17.Accompany and secure the transshipment Accompany and secure the transshipment
of Ballot Box/es containing the aforesaid of Ballot Box/es containing the aforesaid
items, from the precinct level to the items, from the precinct level to the
municipal treasury where it will be municipal treasury where it will be
deposited;deposited;
18.18.Perform your duties until the winning Perform your duties until the winning
Candidate/s shall have been duly Candidate/s shall have been duly
proclaimed by the concerned COMELEC proclaimed by the concerned COMELEC
Officer. Officer.
Duties of WATCHERS……. Duties of WATCHERS……. Cont.Cont.
for their cooperation;for their cooperation;
17.17.Accompany and secure the transshipment Accompany and secure the transshipment
of Ballot Box/es containing the aforesaid of Ballot Box/es containing the aforesaid
items, from the precinct level to the items, from the precinct level to the
municipal treasury where it will be municipal treasury where it will be
deposited;deposited;
18.18.Perform your duties until the winning Perform your duties until the winning
Candidate/s shall have been duly Candidate/s shall have been duly
proclaimed by the concerned COMELEC proclaimed by the concerned COMELEC
Officer. Officer.
Duties of WATCHERS……. Duties of WATCHERS……. Cont.Cont.
MODULE 5
RULES in the RULES in the
APPRECIATION of APPRECIATION of
BALLOTSBALLOTS
RULES in the RULES in the
APPRECIATION of APPRECIATION of
BALLOTSBALLOTS
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 1:RULE 1:
–Firstname, Surname or Fullname of candidate Firstname, Surname or Fullname of candidate
is written – is written – VALIDVALID, if there is no other , if there is no other
candidates with the same firstname or candidates with the same firstname or
surname;surname;
–Two or more candidates with the same name Two or more candidates with the same name
and surname; VOTER SHOULD and surname; VOTER SHOULD ADDADD THE THE
MIDDLE INITIAL;MIDDLE INITIAL;
–Erroneous Christian name and correct Erroneous Christian name and correct
surname or vice-versa – surname or vice-versa – NOT COUNTEDNOT COUNTED , ,
even if there is no other candidate bearing even if there is no other candidate bearing
the same name or surnamethe same name or surname
Illustration:Illustration:
Candidate is PEDRO KATIGBAKCandidate is PEDRO KATIGBAK
Written in ballot is PIO KATIGBAK or PEDRO Written in ballot is PIO KATIGBAK or PEDRO
MATIBAGMATIBAG
BallotsBallots
RULE 1:RULE 1:
–Firstname, Surname or Fullname of candidate Firstname, Surname or Fullname of candidate
is written – is written – VALIDVALID, if there is no other , if there is no other
candidates with the same firstname or candidates with the same firstname or
surname;surname;
–Two or more candidates with the same name Two or more candidates with the same name
and surname; VOTER SHOULD and surname; VOTER SHOULD ADDADD THE THE
MIDDLE INITIAL;MIDDLE INITIAL;
–Erroneous Christian name and correct Erroneous Christian name and correct
surname or vice-versa – surname or vice-versa – NOT COUNTEDNOT COUNTED , ,
even if there is no other candidate bearing even if there is no other candidate bearing
the same name or surnamethe same name or surname
Illustration:Illustration:
Candidate is PEDRO KATIGBAKCandidate is PEDRO KATIGBAK
Written in ballot is PIO KATIGBAK or PEDRO Written in ballot is PIO KATIGBAK or PEDRO
MATIBAGMATIBAG
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 2:RULE 2:
–Firstname which when read has a Firstname which when read has a
sound familiar to the Surname of sound familiar to the Surname of
another in the same position – another in the same position – counted counted
in favor of the candidate with such in favor of the candidate with such
Surname;Surname;
Illustration:Illustration:
Candidates are NESTOR BORRA and Candidates are NESTOR BORRA and
RICARDO SORIARICARDO SORIA
Voter wrote DORIA – counted in favor Voter wrote DORIA – counted in favor
of RICARDO SORIAof RICARDO SORIA
BallotsBallots
RULE 2:RULE 2:
–Firstname which when read has a Firstname which when read has a
sound familiar to the Surname of sound familiar to the Surname of
another in the same position – another in the same position – counted counted
in favor of the candidate with such in favor of the candidate with such
Surname;Surname;
Illustration:Illustration:
Candidates are NESTOR BORRA and Candidates are NESTOR BORRA and
RICARDO SORIARICARDO SORIA
Voter wrote DORIA – counted in favor Voter wrote DORIA – counted in favor
of RICARDO SORIAof RICARDO SORIA
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 2 (cont…):RULE 2 (cont…):
–If there are two or more candidates with the same If there are two or more candidates with the same
fullname, firstname or surname and one of them is fullname, firstname or surname and one of them is
the incumbent, and on the ballot is written only the incumbent, and on the ballot is written only
such full name, firstname or surname, such full name, firstname or surname, the vote the vote
shall be countedshall be counted
ILLUSTRATION: Candidates for senatorILLUSTRATION: Candidates for senator
Pedro N. Cruz (incumbent)Pedro N. Cruz (incumbent)
Pedro S. CruzPedro S. Cruz
Pedro IsidroPedro Isidro
Manuel IsidroManuel Isidro
Voter wrote: “Pedro Cruz” - counted for the incumbentVoter wrote: “Pedro Cruz” - counted for the incumbent
“ “Pedro” only - counted for the incumbentPedro” only - counted for the incumbent
“ “Cruz” only - counted for the incumbentCruz” only - counted for the incumbent
RULE 2 (cont…):RULE 2 (cont…):
–If there are two or more candidates with the same If there are two or more candidates with the same
fullname, firstname or surname and one of them is fullname, firstname or surname and one of them is
the incumbent, and on the ballot is written only the incumbent, and on the ballot is written only
such full name, firstname or surname, such full name, firstname or surname, the vote the vote
shall be countedshall be counted
ILLUSTRATION: Candidates for senatorILLUSTRATION: Candidates for senator
Pedro N. Cruz (incumbent)Pedro N. Cruz (incumbent)
Pedro S. CruzPedro S. Cruz
Pedro IsidroPedro Isidro
Manuel IsidroManuel Isidro
Voter wrote: “Pedro Cruz” - counted for the incumbentVoter wrote: “Pedro Cruz” - counted for the incumbent
“ “Pedro” only - counted for the incumbentPedro” only - counted for the incumbent
“ “Cruz” only - counted for the incumbentCruz” only - counted for the incumbent
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 3:RULE 3:
–In case the candidate is a woman who uses In case the candidate is a woman who uses
her maiden o married name surname, or her maiden o married name surname, or
both and there is another candidate with the both and there is another candidate with the
same surname, same surname, a ballot bearing only such a ballot bearing only such
surname shall be counted in favor of the surname shall be counted in favor of the
candidate who is incumbent.candidate who is incumbent.
ILLUSTRATION: ILLUSTRATION:
Candidates: Tessie Aquino Oreta (incumbent)Candidates: Tessie Aquino Oreta (incumbent)
Margarita A. OretaMargarita A. Oreta
Patricia AquinoPatricia Aquino
Voter wrote “Oreta” only. Vote for the Voter wrote “Oreta” only. Vote for the
incumbentincumbent
RULE 3:RULE 3:
–In case the candidate is a woman who uses In case the candidate is a woman who uses
her maiden o married name surname, or her maiden o married name surname, or
both and there is another candidate with the both and there is another candidate with the
same surname, same surname, a ballot bearing only such a ballot bearing only such
surname shall be counted in favor of the surname shall be counted in favor of the
candidate who is incumbent.candidate who is incumbent.
ILLUSTRATION: ILLUSTRATION:
Candidates: Tessie Aquino Oreta (incumbent)Candidates: Tessie Aquino Oreta (incumbent)
Margarita A. OretaMargarita A. Oreta
Patricia AquinoPatricia Aquino
Voter wrote “Oreta” only. Vote for the Voter wrote “Oreta” only. Vote for the
incumbentincumbent
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 3: (cont..)RULE 3: (cont..)
–If no one of the two is incumbent, then If no one of the two is incumbent, then
a ballot bearing only the surname a ballot bearing only the surname
cannot be counted for any of them cannot be counted for any of them
–Where a ballot contains only the Where a ballot contains only the
maiden surname of a candidate, and maiden surname of a candidate, and
there is another candidate bearing the there is another candidate bearing the
same surname, such ballot should be same surname, such ballot should be
counted in her favor. counted in her favor.
BallotsBallots
RULE 3: (cont..)RULE 3: (cont..)
–If no one of the two is incumbent, then If no one of the two is incumbent, then
a ballot bearing only the surname a ballot bearing only the surname
cannot be counted for any of them cannot be counted for any of them
–Where a ballot contains only the Where a ballot contains only the
maiden surname of a candidate, and maiden surname of a candidate, and
there is another candidate bearing the there is another candidate bearing the
same surname, such ballot should be same surname, such ballot should be
counted in her favor. counted in her favor.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE4: RULE4:
–When two or more words are written on the same When two or more words are written on the same
line on the ballot, all of which are the surnames of line on the ballot, all of which are the surnames of
two or more candidates , the same shall not be two or more candidates , the same shall not be
counted for any of them, unless one is a surname counted for any of them, unless one is a surname
of an incumbent who has served for at least one of an incumbent who has served for at least one
year in which case it shall be counted in favor of year in which case it shall be counted in favor of
the latter.the latter.
ILLUSTRATION:ILLUSTRATION:
Candidates: Pedro Abad SantosCandidates: Pedro Abad Santos
Jose Abad SantosJose Abad Santos
Voter wrote “Abad Santos” only. This vote cannot be Voter wrote “Abad Santos” only. This vote cannot be
counted for either of them unless one (1) is counted for either of them unless one (1) is
incumbent. If Jose Abad Santos is an incumbent, it incumbent. If Jose Abad Santos is an incumbent, it
will be counted in his favor.will be counted in his favor.
RULE4: RULE4:
–When two or more words are written on the same When two or more words are written on the same
line on the ballot, all of which are the surnames of line on the ballot, all of which are the surnames of
two or more candidates , the same shall not be two or more candidates , the same shall not be
counted for any of them, unless one is a surname counted for any of them, unless one is a surname
of an incumbent who has served for at least one of an incumbent who has served for at least one
year in which case it shall be counted in favor of year in which case it shall be counted in favor of
the latter.the latter.
ILLUSTRATION:ILLUSTRATION:
Candidates: Pedro Abad SantosCandidates: Pedro Abad Santos
Jose Abad SantosJose Abad Santos
Voter wrote “Abad Santos” only. This vote cannot be Voter wrote “Abad Santos” only. This vote cannot be
counted for either of them unless one (1) is counted for either of them unless one (1) is
incumbent. If Jose Abad Santos is an incumbent, it incumbent. If Jose Abad Santos is an incumbent, it
will be counted in his favor.will be counted in his favor.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE4: (continuation)RULE4: (continuation)
- When two or more words are written on different - When two or more words are written on different
lines on the ballot, all of which are surnames of lines on the ballot, all of which are surnames of
two or more candidates bearing the same surname two or more candidates bearing the same surname
for an office for which law authorizes the election for an office for which law authorizes the election
of more than one and there are candidates with of more than one and there are candidates with
that surname, that surname, the vote shall be counted in favor of the vote shall be counted in favor of
all the candidates bearing the surnames.all the candidates bearing the surnames.
ILLUSTRATION: “CRUZ”ILLUSTRATION: “CRUZ” Voted for: Voted for:
Candidates:Candidates: Pedro Cruz Pedro Cruz Cruz Cruz
Juan CruzJuan Cruz Cruz Cruz
Gerry CruzGerry Cruz Cruz Cruz
Ben SantosBen Santos Dela Cruz Dela Cruz
Jose AbadJose Abad
Roger Dela CruzRoger Dela Cruz
RULE4: (continuation)RULE4: (continuation)
- When two or more words are written on different - When two or more words are written on different
lines on the ballot, all of which are surnames of lines on the ballot, all of which are surnames of
two or more candidates bearing the same surname two or more candidates bearing the same surname
for an office for which law authorizes the election for an office for which law authorizes the election
of more than one and there are candidates with of more than one and there are candidates with
that surname, that surname, the vote shall be counted in favor of the vote shall be counted in favor of
all the candidates bearing the surnames.all the candidates bearing the surnames.
ILLUSTRATION: “CRUZ”ILLUSTRATION: “CRUZ” Voted for: Voted for:
Candidates:Candidates: Pedro Cruz Pedro Cruz Cruz Cruz
Juan CruzJuan Cruz Cruz Cruz
Gerry CruzGerry Cruz Cruz Cruz
Ben SantosBen Santos Dela Cruz Dela Cruz
Jose AbadJose Abad
Roger Dela CruzRoger Dela Cruz
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 5: RULE 5:
–When on the ballot is written a single When on the ballot is written a single
word which is the first name of a word which is the first name of a
candidate and which is at all time the candidate and which is at all time the
surnamesurname of his opponent, the vote shall of his opponent, the vote shall
be counted in favor of the latter.be counted in favor of the latter.
ILLUSTRATION:ILLUSTRATION:
Candidates for Mayor:Candidates for Mayor: Written on the Written on the
Luis FranciscoLuis Francisco line for Mayor isline for Mayor is
Francisco Fernandez Francisco Fernandez
“Francisco”. “Francisco”.
This is counted This is counted for for
Luis Francisco.Luis Francisco.
RULE 5: RULE 5:
–When on the ballot is written a single When on the ballot is written a single
word which is the first name of a word which is the first name of a
candidate and which is at all time the candidate and which is at all time the
surnamesurname of his opponent, the vote shall of his opponent, the vote shall
be counted in favor of the latter.be counted in favor of the latter.
ILLUSTRATION:ILLUSTRATION:
Candidates for Mayor:Candidates for Mayor: Written on the Written on the
Luis FranciscoLuis Francisco line for Mayor isline for Mayor is
Francisco Fernandez Francisco Fernandez
“Francisco”. “Francisco”.
This is counted This is counted for for
Luis Francisco.Luis Francisco.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 6: RULE 6:
–When two words are written on the When two words are written on the
ballot, one of which is the first name of ballot, one of which is the first name of
the candidate and the other is the the candidate and the other is the
surname of his opponent, the vote surname of his opponent, the vote
shall not be counted for either.shall not be counted for either.
ILLUSTRATION:ILLUSTRATION:
Candidates are Manuel Regudo and Pedro Candidates are Manuel Regudo and Pedro
Jose.Jose.
Voter wrote “Manuel Jose”. Vote cannot Voter wrote “Manuel Jose”. Vote cannot
be counted for either.be counted for either.
RULE 6: RULE 6:
–When two words are written on the When two words are written on the
ballot, one of which is the first name of ballot, one of which is the first name of
the candidate and the other is the the candidate and the other is the
surname of his opponent, the vote surname of his opponent, the vote
shall not be counted for either.shall not be counted for either.
ILLUSTRATION:ILLUSTRATION:
Candidates are Manuel Regudo and Pedro Candidates are Manuel Regudo and Pedro
Jose.Jose.
Voter wrote “Manuel Jose”. Vote cannot Voter wrote “Manuel Jose”. Vote cannot
be counted for either.be counted for either.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 7: RULE 7:
–A name or surname incorrectly A name or surname incorrectly
written which, when read, has a written which, when read, has a
sound similar to the name or sound similar to the name or
surname of a candidate when surname of a candidate when
correctly written correctly written shall be counted shall be counted
in his favor. (in his favor. (Idem Sonams)Idem Sonams)
ILLUSTRATION: Candidate Jose ILLUSTRATION: Candidate Jose
Jayme written as “Jaime”Jayme written as “Jaime”
RULE 7: RULE 7:
–A name or surname incorrectly A name or surname incorrectly
written which, when read, has a written which, when read, has a
sound similar to the name or sound similar to the name or
surname of a candidate when surname of a candidate when
correctly written correctly written shall be counted shall be counted
in his favor. (in his favor. (Idem Sonams)Idem Sonams)
ILLUSTRATION: Candidate Jose ILLUSTRATION: Candidate Jose
Jayme written as “Jaime”Jayme written as “Jaime”
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE8: RULE8:
–When a name of a candidate appears in a space When a name of a candidate appears in a space
of the ballot for an office which he is a candidate of the ballot for an office which he is a candidate
and in another space which he is not a candidate, and in another space which he is not a candidate,
it shall be counted in his favor. For the office for it shall be counted in his favor. For the office for
which he is not a candidate shall be considered as which he is not a candidate shall be considered as
stray , except when it is used as a means to stray , except when it is used as a means to
identify the voter in which case , the whole ballot identify the voter in which case , the whole ballot
shall be void. shall be void.
ILLUSTRATION: candidate for Mayor: Lito LinaILLUSTRATION: candidate for Mayor: Lito Lina
Mayor: LinaMayor: Lina
Vice-Mayor: LinaVice-Mayor: Lina
This is counted except when it was done to This is counted except when it was done to
identify the voter whose name is Pedro identify the voter whose name is Pedro
Lina.Lina.
RULE8: RULE8:
–When a name of a candidate appears in a space When a name of a candidate appears in a space
of the ballot for an office which he is a candidate of the ballot for an office which he is a candidate
and in another space which he is not a candidate, and in another space which he is not a candidate,
it shall be counted in his favor. For the office for it shall be counted in his favor. For the office for
which he is not a candidate shall be considered as which he is not a candidate shall be considered as
stray , except when it is used as a means to stray , except when it is used as a means to
identify the voter in which case , the whole ballot identify the voter in which case , the whole ballot
shall be void. shall be void.
ILLUSTRATION: candidate for Mayor: Lito LinaILLUSTRATION: candidate for Mayor: Lito Lina
Mayor: LinaMayor: Lina
Vice-Mayor: LinaVice-Mayor: Lina
This is counted except when it was done to This is counted except when it was done to
identify the voter whose name is Pedro identify the voter whose name is Pedro
Lina.Lina.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE8: (cont…)RULE8: (cont…)
–If the word or words written on the appropriate If the word or words written on the appropriate
blank on the ballot is the identical name or blank on the ballot is the identical name or
surname or fullname, as the case maybe, of two or surname or fullname, as the case maybe, of two or
more candidates for the same office none of whom more candidates for the same office none of whom
is an incumbent, the vote shall be counted in favor is an incumbent, the vote shall be counted in favor
of that candidate to whose ticket belong all the of that candidate to whose ticket belong all the
other candidates voted for the same ballot for the other candidates voted for the same ballot for the
same constituency.same constituency.
ILLUSTRATION: Candidates: Peter Osmena, John ILLUSTRATION: Candidates: Peter Osmena, John
Osmena (LDP), Serge Osmena (PPC), Joker Arroyo Osmena (LDP), Serge Osmena (PPC), Joker Arroyo
(LDP), Loren Legarda (LDP), Vic Sotto (LDP), etc.(LDP), Loren Legarda (LDP), Vic Sotto (LDP), etc.
Voter wrote “Osmena” only and the rest of the Voter wrote “Osmena” only and the rest of the
other candidates’ names written belong to the LDP. other candidates’ names written belong to the LDP.
So this Vote will be counted for John Osmena.So this Vote will be counted for John Osmena.
RULE8: (cont…)RULE8: (cont…)
–If the word or words written on the appropriate If the word or words written on the appropriate
blank on the ballot is the identical name or blank on the ballot is the identical name or
surname or fullname, as the case maybe, of two or surname or fullname, as the case maybe, of two or
more candidates for the same office none of whom more candidates for the same office none of whom
is an incumbent, the vote shall be counted in favor is an incumbent, the vote shall be counted in favor
of that candidate to whose ticket belong all the of that candidate to whose ticket belong all the
other candidates voted for the same ballot for the other candidates voted for the same ballot for the
same constituency.same constituency.
ILLUSTRATION: Candidates: Peter Osmena, John ILLUSTRATION: Candidates: Peter Osmena, John
Osmena (LDP), Serge Osmena (PPC), Joker Arroyo Osmena (LDP), Serge Osmena (PPC), Joker Arroyo
(LDP), Loren Legarda (LDP), Vic Sotto (LDP), etc.(LDP), Loren Legarda (LDP), Vic Sotto (LDP), etc.
Voter wrote “Osmena” only and the rest of the Voter wrote “Osmena” only and the rest of the
other candidates’ names written belong to the LDP. other candidates’ names written belong to the LDP.
So this Vote will be counted for John Osmena.So this Vote will be counted for John Osmena.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 9:RULE 9:
–When in space in the ballot there When in space in the ballot there
appears a name of a candidate that is appears a name of a candidate that is
erased and another clearly written, the erased and another clearly written, the
vote is valid for the latter.vote is valid for the latter.
ILLUSTRATION: “Ramirez” was first ILLUSTRATION: “Ramirez” was first
written and then erased and Voter written and then erased and Voter
wrote “Fernandez’. The vote is counted wrote “Fernandez’. The vote is counted
for Fernandez. for Fernandez.
RULE 9:RULE 9:
–When in space in the ballot there When in space in the ballot there
appears a name of a candidate that is appears a name of a candidate that is
erased and another clearly written, the erased and another clearly written, the
vote is valid for the latter.vote is valid for the latter.
ILLUSTRATION: “Ramirez” was first ILLUSTRATION: “Ramirez” was first
written and then erased and Voter written and then erased and Voter
wrote “Fernandez’. The vote is counted wrote “Fernandez’. The vote is counted
for Fernandez. for Fernandez.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 10:RULE 10:
–The erroneous initial of the surname accompanying The erroneous initial of the surname accompanying
the correct first name of a candidate, or the the correct first name of a candidate, or the
erroneous middle initial of the candidate erroneous middle initial of the candidate shall not shall not
annul the vote in favor of the latter. annul the vote in favor of the latter.
ILLUSTRATION #1: Pedro R. Montes (for Mayor)ILLUSTRATION #1: Pedro R. Montes (for Mayor)
Written as: “K. Montes”Written as: “K. Montes”
“ “Pedro N.”Pedro N.”
“ “Pedro R. Montes”Pedro R. Montes”
All counted in favor of Pedro M. Montes.All counted in favor of Pedro M. Montes.
ILLUSTRATION #2: Same as #1 but Cesar Montes is a ILLUSTRATION #2: Same as #1 but Cesar Montes is a
candidate for Councilor. A vote for C. Montes for candidate for Councilor. A vote for C. Montes for
Mayor and C. Montes for Councilor is a stray vote Mayor and C. Montes for Councilor is a stray vote
for the Mayor. Vote for the councilor is valid.for the Mayor. Vote for the councilor is valid.
RULE 10:RULE 10:
–The erroneous initial of the surname accompanying The erroneous initial of the surname accompanying
the correct first name of a candidate, or the the correct first name of a candidate, or the
erroneous middle initial of the candidate erroneous middle initial of the candidate shall not shall not
annul the vote in favor of the latter. annul the vote in favor of the latter.
ILLUSTRATION #1: Pedro R. Montes (for Mayor)ILLUSTRATION #1: Pedro R. Montes (for Mayor)
Written as: “K. Montes”Written as: “K. Montes”
“ “Pedro N.”Pedro N.”
“ “Pedro R. Montes”Pedro R. Montes”
All counted in favor of Pedro M. Montes.All counted in favor of Pedro M. Montes.
ILLUSTRATION #2: Same as #1 but Cesar Montes is a ILLUSTRATION #2: Same as #1 but Cesar Montes is a
candidate for Councilor. A vote for C. Montes for candidate for Councilor. A vote for C. Montes for
Mayor and C. Montes for Councilor is a stray vote Mayor and C. Montes for Councilor is a stray vote
for the Mayor. Vote for the councilor is valid.for the Mayor. Vote for the councilor is valid.
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 11:RULE 11:
–The fact that there exist The fact that there exist
another person who is not another person who is not
a candidate with the first a candidate with the first
name or surname of a name or surname of a
candidate shall not prevent candidate shall not prevent
the adjudication of the the adjudication of the
vote of the latter.vote of the latter.
BallotsBallots
RULE 11:RULE 11:
–The fact that there exist The fact that there exist
another person who is not another person who is not
a candidate with the first a candidate with the first
name or surname of a name or surname of a
candidate shall not prevent candidate shall not prevent
the adjudication of the the adjudication of the
vote of the latter.vote of the latter.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 12:RULE 12:
–Ballots which can contain prefixes such Ballots which can contain prefixes such
as “Sr.”, “Mr.”, “Datu”, “Don”, “Ginoo”, as “Sr.”, “Mr.”, “Datu”, “Don”, “Ginoo”,
“Hon.”, “Gov.” Or suffixes like “Hijo”, “Hon.”, “Gov.” Or suffixes like “Hijo”,
“Jr.”, “Segundo”, are “Jr.”, “Segundo”, are VALID.VALID.
[NOTE: Please see last paragraph of Sec. [NOTE: Please see last paragraph of Sec.
2, Comelec Resolution No.6453, 2, Comelec Resolution No.6453,
promulgated 10 Dec. 2003 in promulgated 10 Dec. 2003 in
connection with the filing of the connection with the filing of the
certificate of the candidacy for the may certificate of the candidacy for the may
10, 2004 elections.] 10, 2004 elections.]
RULE 12:RULE 12:
–Ballots which can contain prefixes such Ballots which can contain prefixes such
as “Sr.”, “Mr.”, “Datu”, “Don”, “Ginoo”, as “Sr.”, “Mr.”, “Datu”, “Don”, “Ginoo”,
“Hon.”, “Gov.” Or suffixes like “Hijo”, “Hon.”, “Gov.” Or suffixes like “Hijo”,
“Jr.”, “Segundo”, are “Jr.”, “Segundo”, are VALID.VALID.
[NOTE: Please see last paragraph of Sec. [NOTE: Please see last paragraph of Sec.
2, Comelec Resolution No.6453, 2, Comelec Resolution No.6453,
promulgated 10 Dec. 2003 in promulgated 10 Dec. 2003 in
connection with the filing of the connection with the filing of the
certificate of the candidacy for the may certificate of the candidacy for the may
10, 2004 elections.] 10, 2004 elections.]
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 13:RULE 13:
–The use of the nicknames and appellations of The use of the nicknames and appellations of
affection and friendship, if accompanied by affection and friendship, if accompanied by
the first name or surname of the candidate, the first name or surname of the candidate,
does not annual such vote, except when they does not annual such vote, except when they
were used as means to identify the voter , in were used as means to identify the voter , in
which case the whole ballot is invalid: which case the whole ballot is invalid:
Provided, that if the nickname used in Provided, that if the nickname used in
unaccompanied by the name or surname of a unaccompanied by the name or surname of a
candidate and it is the one by which he is candidate and it is the one by which he is
generally or popularly known in the locality, generally or popularly known in the locality,
the name shall counted in favor of said the name shall counted in favor of said
candidate, if there is no other candidate for candidate, if there is no other candidate for
the same nickname. the same nickname.
EXAMPLES: Ate Vi Bobby JaworskiEXAMPLES: Ate Vi Bobby Jaworski
Kuya Cesar Ate ShaweeKuya Cesar Ate Shawee
RULE 13:RULE 13:
–The use of the nicknames and appellations of The use of the nicknames and appellations of
affection and friendship, if accompanied by affection and friendship, if accompanied by
the first name or surname of the candidate, the first name or surname of the candidate,
does not annual such vote, except when they does not annual such vote, except when they
were used as means to identify the voter , in were used as means to identify the voter , in
which case the whole ballot is invalid: which case the whole ballot is invalid:
Provided, that if the nickname used in Provided, that if the nickname used in
unaccompanied by the name or surname of a unaccompanied by the name or surname of a
candidate and it is the one by which he is candidate and it is the one by which he is
generally or popularly known in the locality, generally or popularly known in the locality,
the name shall counted in favor of said the name shall counted in favor of said
candidate, if there is no other candidate for candidate, if there is no other candidate for
the same nickname. the same nickname.
EXAMPLES: Ate Vi Bobby JaworskiEXAMPLES: Ate Vi Bobby Jaworski
Kuya Cesar Ate ShaweeKuya Cesar Ate Shawee
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 14:RULE 14:
–Any vote containing initials only is illegible Any vote containing initials only is illegible
or which does not sufficiently identify the or which does not sufficiently identify the
candidate for whom it is intended shall be candidate for whom it is intended shall be
considered as a stray vote but shall not considered as a stray vote but shall not
invalidate the whole ballot.invalidate the whole ballot.
ILLUSTRATIION: ILLUSTRATIION:
Candidates for Vice Mayor: Vicente B. Candidates for Vice Mayor: Vicente B.
Ceno, Conrado D. SenoCeno, Conrado D. Seno
Written in the ballot as: BD, LPL, “CS” is a Written in the ballot as: BD, LPL, “CS” is a
stray vote. But if written as “D. Ceno” or stray vote. But if written as “D. Ceno” or
“C. Seno” will be counted for Conrado D. “C. Seno” will be counted for Conrado D.
Seno. Seno.
RULE 14:RULE 14:
–Any vote containing initials only is illegible Any vote containing initials only is illegible
or which does not sufficiently identify the or which does not sufficiently identify the
candidate for whom it is intended shall be candidate for whom it is intended shall be
considered as a stray vote but shall not considered as a stray vote but shall not
invalidate the whole ballot.invalidate the whole ballot.
ILLUSTRATIION: ILLUSTRATIION:
Candidates for Vice Mayor: Vicente B. Candidates for Vice Mayor: Vicente B.
Ceno, Conrado D. SenoCeno, Conrado D. Seno
Written in the ballot as: BD, LPL, “CS” is a Written in the ballot as: BD, LPL, “CS” is a
stray vote. But if written as “D. Ceno” or stray vote. But if written as “D. Ceno” or
“C. Seno” will be counted for Conrado D. “C. Seno” will be counted for Conrado D.
Seno. Seno.
Rules in the Appreciation of BallotsRules in the Appreciation of Ballots
RULE 15:RULE 15:
–If on the ballot is correctly written the first name of a candidate but If on the ballot is correctly written the first name of a candidate but
with a different surname, or the surname of the candidate but with with a different surname, or the surname of the candidate but with
different first name, the vote shall not be counted in favor of any different first name, the vote shall not be counted in favor of any
candidate having such first name and/or surname but the ballot shall candidate having such first name and/or surname but the ballot shall
be considered valid for other candidate.be considered valid for other candidate.
ILLUSTRATIION: ILLUSTRATIION:
Candidates are: Pedro RomeroCandidates are: Pedro Romero
Cesar Salud Cesar Salud
Tomas MoratoTomas Morato
Crispin Santos Crispin Santos
Daniel Razon Daniel Razon
Written in the ballot as: Cesar Romero - not validWritten in the ballot as: Cesar Romero - not valid
Pedro Salud - not valid Pedro Salud - not valid
Rogelio Romero - not validRogelio Romero - not valid
Daniel Guzman - not validDaniel Guzman - not valid
Tomas Moratp - valid Tomas Moratp - valid
Crispin Santos - validCrispin Santos - valid
RULE 15:RULE 15:
–If on the ballot is correctly written the first name of a candidate but If on the ballot is correctly written the first name of a candidate but
with a different surname, or the surname of the candidate but with with a different surname, or the surname of the candidate but with
different first name, the vote shall not be counted in favor of any different first name, the vote shall not be counted in favor of any
candidate having such first name and/or surname but the ballot shall candidate having such first name and/or surname but the ballot shall
be considered valid for other candidate.be considered valid for other candidate.
ILLUSTRATIION: ILLUSTRATIION:
Candidates are: Pedro RomeroCandidates are: Pedro Romero
Cesar Salud Cesar Salud
Tomas MoratoTomas Morato
Crispin Santos Crispin Santos
Daniel Razon Daniel Razon
Written in the ballot as: Cesar Romero - not validWritten in the ballot as: Cesar Romero - not valid
Pedro Salud - not valid Pedro Salud - not valid
Rogelio Romero - not validRogelio Romero - not valid
Daniel Guzman - not validDaniel Guzman - not valid
Tomas Moratp - valid Tomas Moratp - valid
Crispin Santos - validCrispin Santos - valid
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 16:RULE 16:
–Any ballot written in crayon, lead pencil, or Any ballot written in crayon, lead pencil, or
ink, wholly or in part, shall be ink, wholly or in part, shall be VALID.VALID.
RULE 17:RULE 17:
–Where there are two or more candidates Where there are two or more candidates
voted for in an office for which the law voted for in an office for which the law
authorizes the election of only one, the vote authorizes the election of only one, the vote
shall not be counted in favor of any of them, shall not be counted in favor of any of them,
but this shall not affect the validity of the but this shall not affect the validity of the
other votes therein.other votes therein.
ILLUSTRATION: Candidates for mayor: Pedro ILLUSTRATION: Candidates for mayor: Pedro
Cruz and Juan Rivas Cruz and Juan Rivas
Written as “Cruz Rivas”, vote not counted for Written as “Cruz Rivas”, vote not counted for
any one.any one.
BallotsBallots
RULE 16:RULE 16:
–Any ballot written in crayon, lead pencil, or Any ballot written in crayon, lead pencil, or
ink, wholly or in part, shall be ink, wholly or in part, shall be VALID.VALID.
RULE 17:RULE 17:
–Where there are two or more candidates Where there are two or more candidates
voted for in an office for which the law voted for in an office for which the law
authorizes the election of only one, the vote authorizes the election of only one, the vote
shall not be counted in favor of any of them, shall not be counted in favor of any of them,
but this shall not affect the validity of the but this shall not affect the validity of the
other votes therein.other votes therein.
ILLUSTRATION: Candidates for mayor: Pedro ILLUSTRATION: Candidates for mayor: Pedro
Cruz and Juan Rivas Cruz and Juan Rivas
Written as “Cruz Rivas”, vote not counted for Written as “Cruz Rivas”, vote not counted for
any one.any one.
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 18:RULE 18:
–If the candidates voted for exceed the If the candidates voted for exceed the
number of those to be elected, the ballot is number of those to be elected, the ballot is
valid but the votes shall be counted only in valid but the votes shall be counted only in
favor of the candidates whose names were favor of the candidates whose names were
firstly written by the voter within the spaces firstly written by the voter within the spaces
provided for said office in the ballot until the provided for said office in the ballot until the
authorized number is covered. authorized number is covered.
RULE 19:RULE 19:
–Any vote in favor of a person who has not Any vote in favor of a person who has not
filed a cerficate of candidacy or in favor of a filed a cerficate of candidacy or in favor of a
candidate for an office for which he did not candidate for an office for which he did not
present himself shall be considered as a stray present himself shall be considered as a stray
vote but it shall not invalidate the whole vote but it shall not invalidate the whole
ballot.ballot.
BallotsBallots
RULE 18:RULE 18:
–If the candidates voted for exceed the If the candidates voted for exceed the
number of those to be elected, the ballot is number of those to be elected, the ballot is
valid but the votes shall be counted only in valid but the votes shall be counted only in
favor of the candidates whose names were favor of the candidates whose names were
firstly written by the voter within the spaces firstly written by the voter within the spaces
provided for said office in the ballot until the provided for said office in the ballot until the
authorized number is covered. authorized number is covered.
RULE 19:RULE 19:
–Any vote in favor of a person who has not Any vote in favor of a person who has not
filed a cerficate of candidacy or in favor of a filed a cerficate of candidacy or in favor of a
candidate for an office for which he did not candidate for an office for which he did not
present himself shall be considered as a stray present himself shall be considered as a stray
vote but it shall not invalidate the whole vote but it shall not invalidate the whole
ballot.ballot.
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 20:RULE 20:
–Ballot containing the name of a candidate Ballot containing the name of a candidate
printed and pasted on a blank space of the printed and pasted on a blank space of the
ballot or affixed thereto through any ballot or affixed thereto through any
mechanical process are totally null or void. mechanical process are totally null or void.
RULE 21:RULE 21:
–Circles., crosses or lines put on the spaces on Circles., crosses or lines put on the spaces on
which the voter has not voted shall be which the voter has not voted shall be
considered as signs to indicate his desistance considered as signs to indicate his desistance
from voting and shall not invalidate the from voting and shall not invalidate the
ballot.ballot.
BallotsBallots
RULE 20:RULE 20:
–Ballot containing the name of a candidate Ballot containing the name of a candidate
printed and pasted on a blank space of the printed and pasted on a blank space of the
ballot or affixed thereto through any ballot or affixed thereto through any
mechanical process are totally null or void. mechanical process are totally null or void.
RULE 21:RULE 21:
–Circles., crosses or lines put on the spaces on Circles., crosses or lines put on the spaces on
which the voter has not voted shall be which the voter has not voted shall be
considered as signs to indicate his desistance considered as signs to indicate his desistance
from voting and shall not invalidate the from voting and shall not invalidate the
ballot.ballot.
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 22:RULE 22:
–Unless it should clearly appear that they have Unless it should clearly appear that they have
been deliberately put by the voter to serve as been deliberately put by the voter to serve as
identification marks, commas, dots, lines, or identification marks, commas, dots, lines, or
hyphens, between, the first name and surname of hyphens, between, the first name and surname of
a candidate, or in other parts of the ballot traces a candidate, or in other parts of the ballot traces
of the letter “T”, “J”, and other similar ones, the of the letter “T”, “J”, and other similar ones, the
use of two more kinds of writing and use of two more kinds of writing and
unintentional or accidental flourishes, strokes, or unintentional or accidental flourishes, strokes, or
strain shall not invalidate the ballot. strain shall not invalidate the ballot.
RULE 23:RULE 23:
–Any ballot which clearly appears to have been Any ballot which clearly appears to have been
filled by two distinct persons before it was filled by two distinct persons before it was
deposited in the ballot box during the votng is deposited in the ballot box during the votng is
totally null and void..totally null and void..
BallotsBallots
RULE 22:RULE 22:
–Unless it should clearly appear that they have Unless it should clearly appear that they have
been deliberately put by the voter to serve as been deliberately put by the voter to serve as
identification marks, commas, dots, lines, or identification marks, commas, dots, lines, or
hyphens, between, the first name and surname of hyphens, between, the first name and surname of
a candidate, or in other parts of the ballot traces a candidate, or in other parts of the ballot traces
of the letter “T”, “J”, and other similar ones, the of the letter “T”, “J”, and other similar ones, the
use of two more kinds of writing and use of two more kinds of writing and
unintentional or accidental flourishes, strokes, or unintentional or accidental flourishes, strokes, or
strain shall not invalidate the ballot. strain shall not invalidate the ballot.
RULE 23:RULE 23:
–Any ballot which clearly appears to have been Any ballot which clearly appears to have been
filled by two distinct persons before it was filled by two distinct persons before it was
deposited in the ballot box during the votng is deposited in the ballot box during the votng is
totally null and void..totally null and void..
Rules in the Appreciation of Rules in the Appreciation of
BallotsBallots
RULE 24:RULE 24:
–Any vote cast in favor of a candidate who has been filled Any vote cast in favor of a candidate who has been filled
disqualified by final judgment shall be considered as stray disqualified by final judgment shall be considered as stray
and shall not be counted but it counted but it shall not and shall not be counted but it counted but it shall not
invalidate the ballot.invalidate the ballot.
RULE 25:RULE 25:
–Ballots wholly written in Arabic in localities where in localities Ballots wholly written in Arabic in localities where in localities
where it is of general use are valid. To read them, the board where it is of general use are valid. To read them, the board
of election inspectors may employ an interpreter who shall of election inspectors may employ an interpreter who shall
take an oath that he shall read the votes correctly. take an oath that he shall read the votes correctly.
RULE 26:RULE 26:
–The accidental tearing or perforation of a ballot does not The accidental tearing or perforation of a ballot does not
annul it.annul it.
RULE 27:RULE 27:
–Failure to remove the detachable coupon from a ballot does Failure to remove the detachable coupon from a ballot does
not annul such ballot.not annul such ballot.
BallotsBallots
RULE 24:RULE 24:
–Any vote cast in favor of a candidate who has been filled Any vote cast in favor of a candidate who has been filled
disqualified by final judgment shall be considered as stray disqualified by final judgment shall be considered as stray
and shall not be counted but it counted but it shall not and shall not be counted but it counted but it shall not
invalidate the ballot.invalidate the ballot.
RULE 25:RULE 25:
–Ballots wholly written in Arabic in localities where in localities Ballots wholly written in Arabic in localities where in localities
where it is of general use are valid. To read them, the board where it is of general use are valid. To read them, the board
of election inspectors may employ an interpreter who shall of election inspectors may employ an interpreter who shall
take an oath that he shall read the votes correctly. take an oath that he shall read the votes correctly.
RULE 26:RULE 26:
–The accidental tearing or perforation of a ballot does not The accidental tearing or perforation of a ballot does not
annul it.annul it.
RULE 27:RULE 27:
–Failure to remove the detachable coupon from a ballot does Failure to remove the detachable coupon from a ballot does
not annul such ballot.not annul such ballot.
MODULE 6
How to DETECT How to DETECT
ELECTION FRAUDSELECTION FRAUDS
How to DETECT How to DETECT
ELECTION FRAUDSELECTION FRAUDS
Election Offenses/FraudsElection Offenses/Frauds
Before Election DayBefore Election Day
Vote buying;Vote buying;
Terrorism;Terrorism;
Bribery of Election Officers, BEI Bribery of Election Officers, BEI
Members and COMELEC Deputies;Members and COMELEC Deputies;
Issuing more ballots than required to Issuing more ballots than required to
precincts deemed bailiwicks of the precincts deemed bailiwicks of the
latter’s opponents.latter’s opponents.
Before Election DayBefore Election Day
Vote buying;Vote buying;
Terrorism;Terrorism;
Bribery of Election Officers, BEI Bribery of Election Officers, BEI
Members and COMELEC Deputies;Members and COMELEC Deputies;
Issuing more ballots than required to Issuing more ballots than required to
precincts deemed bailiwicks of the precincts deemed bailiwicks of the
latter’s opponents.latter’s opponents.
Election Offenses/Frauds … Election Offenses/Frauds … cont.cont.
On Election DayOn Election Day
Issuing partly filled ballots to voters;Issuing partly filled ballots to voters;
Stuffing ballot boxes with fake ballots or with Stuffing ballot boxes with fake ballots or with
genuine ballots accomplished by persons other genuine ballots accomplished by persons other
than the real voters;than the real voters;
A pretended inadequacy of ballots to A pretended inadequacy of ballots to
disenfranchise certain votes;disenfranchise certain votes;
Voting more than once;Voting more than once;
Voters substitution;Voters substitution;
A voter who uses a ballot other than the one A voter who uses a ballot other than the one
issued by the BEI;issued by the BEI;
SOP (Special Operations Plans);SOP (Special Operations Plans);
LiansaderoLiansadero tactics tactics
On Election DayOn Election Day
Issuing partly filled ballots to voters;Issuing partly filled ballots to voters;
Stuffing ballot boxes with fake ballots or with Stuffing ballot boxes with fake ballots or with
genuine ballots accomplished by persons other genuine ballots accomplished by persons other
than the real voters;than the real voters;
A pretended inadequacy of ballots to A pretended inadequacy of ballots to
disenfranchise certain votes;disenfranchise certain votes;
Voting more than once;Voting more than once;
Voters substitution;Voters substitution;
A voter who uses a ballot other than the one A voter who uses a ballot other than the one
issued by the BEI;issued by the BEI;
SOP (Special Operations Plans);SOP (Special Operations Plans);
LiansaderoLiansadero tactics tactics
Election Offenses/Frauds … Election Offenses/Frauds … cont.cont.
After Election, during canvassing of After Election, during canvassing of
votesvotes
Dagdag-Bawas scheme;Dagdag-Bawas scheme;
Conducting canvass without due notice Conducting canvass without due notice
to candidates/other members of the to candidates/other members of the
BOC / political parties;BOC / political parties;
Conducting canvass without quorum;Conducting canvass without quorum;
Proclaiming a candidate after the Proclaiming a candidate after the
canvass was ordered suspended by the canvass was ordered suspended by the
COMELEC.COMELEC.
After Election, during canvassing of After Election, during canvassing of
votesvotes
Dagdag-Bawas scheme;Dagdag-Bawas scheme;
Conducting canvass without due notice Conducting canvass without due notice
to candidates/other members of the to candidates/other members of the
BOC / political parties;BOC / political parties;
Conducting canvass without quorum;Conducting canvass without quorum;
Proclaiming a candidate after the Proclaiming a candidate after the
canvass was ordered suspended by the canvass was ordered suspended by the
COMELEC.COMELEC.
Poll Watchers/Coordinators Poll Watchers/Coordinators
MUST bring:MUST bring:
Copy of the Poll Watching Manual;Copy of the Poll Watching Manual;
Flashlight with extra set of batteries;Flashlight with extra set of batteries;
Handheld Radio Transceiver / Cellphone (if Handheld Radio Transceiver / Cellphone (if
available)available)
Camera loaded with film & batteries (if Camera loaded with film & batteries (if
available, additional set of film/batteries)available, additional set of film/batteries)
Party Tally Sheets;Party Tally Sheets;
Memo Notebook;Memo Notebook;
List of Voters;List of Voters;
Handy Bag or Backpack; andHandy Bag or Backpack; and
FoodstuffsFoodstuffs
MUST bring:MUST bring:
Copy of the Poll Watching Manual;Copy of the Poll Watching Manual;
Flashlight with extra set of batteries;Flashlight with extra set of batteries;
Handheld Radio Transceiver / Cellphone (if Handheld Radio Transceiver / Cellphone (if
available)available)
Camera loaded with film & batteries (if Camera loaded with film & batteries (if
available, additional set of film/batteries)available, additional set of film/batteries)
Party Tally Sheets;Party Tally Sheets;
Memo Notebook;Memo Notebook;
List of Voters;List of Voters;
Handy Bag or Backpack; andHandy Bag or Backpack; and
FoodstuffsFoodstuffs
Tags
Categories
TechnologyDownload
Download Slideshow Get the original presentation fileQuick Actions
Statistics
- Views 6
- Slides 66
- Age 42 days
Related Slideshows
11
8-top-ai-courses-for-customer-support-representatives-in-2025.pptx
JeroenErne2
59 views
10
7-essential-ai-courses-for-call-center-supervisors-in-2025.pptx
JeroenErne2
55 views
13
25-essential-ai-courses-for-user-support-specialists-in-2025.pptx
JeroenErne2
43 views
11
8-essential-ai-courses-for-insurance-customer-service-representatives-in-2025.pptx
JeroenErne2
42 views
21
Know for Certain
DaveSinNM
26 views
17
PPT OPD LES 3ertt4t4tqqqe23e3e3rq2qq232.pptx
novasedanayoga46
30 views