Gupta dynasty

rise of gupta empire
chandragupta 1
why golden age? - architecture, literature, trade, science and research, mathematics, government etc

1. GUPTA EMPIRE Presented by: Rahul Garg

2. Introduction Pre Gupta : Kushanas : Satvanas

3. Rise of Guptas Founded by Shri Gupta in 240 AD Gupta Era started during Chandragupta 1 in 320 AD From residue of Kushanas Basically from Allahabad Prayag Strengthed hold by Marriage and Diplomatic Alliances Fertile land and minerals added to their economy

4. Contemporary Empires Roman Empire in Europe The Huns in China Persian Empire And other local and regional tribes

5. Sources Prashastis : or pillar inscriptions Prayag Prashasti Mehrauli Prashasti Literary Sources: Kalidas Literature Bhasa Fa Hein Other: Ajanta Cave Paintings Gold coins

6. Chronology

7. Chandragupta 1 Started Gupta Era known as GOLDEN PERIOD in Indian History Contolled Magadha to Prayaga with capital Patliputra Peaceful ruler because made alliances on the basis of Diplomacy and Marriage. Married to princess of Licchavi Province named Kumradevi Released Gold Coins on the name of his wife to mark the marriage and political alliance. Licchavi province came under his control after marriage Huge gangetic plains and Mineral sources lead to the development of trade and economy. Was succeeded by Samudragupta

8. Kumara Devi Gupta Coin

9. Why GOLDEN AGE?

10. Life According to the references given to the texts of Fa Hein Caste System, defined roles which made society stable People were happy and content People paid taxes Joint families Gurukul education system Eldest male head of family Women was not equally empowered Family occupation is passed down the line Arranged marriages Concept of slaves had some place that time

11. Governance Decentralised government Local and respected(wealthiest) people were involved Local leaders were elected by merchants and artisans. Empire divided into provinces, districts and villages( vishyas ) Governed by members of royal family and a local counsellor called as vishyamattyas . Headman and council made decisions for villagers.

12. Education Hindu and Buddhist Schools eg Nalanda , Taxila , Ujjain etc Learned: Maths Medicine Physics and Astronomy Language Religion and Philosophy

13. Army and Local Security to prevent villagers from Bandits, squads were formed Comprising One elephant One chariot Three armoured calvarymen Five foot soldiers During war , the squads were united to form royal arm.

14. Trade and Trade Routes Imports: Spices from southeast asia Silk from China Horses from Arab Gold and Ivory from Africa Exports: Cotton goods to southeast asia and Africa Rice and Wheat grains toArab Spices to Europe Gold and Ivory to Southeast Asia

15. Literature Kalidas : Abhigyan Shakuntalam Meghdutam Raghuvansham Vishnu Sharma: Panchtantra Vatsyayna : Kamasutra Nyaya Sutras Aryabhatta : Aryabhatiyam Varahmihira : Brihatsamhita Narada Muni: Natyashastra

16. Astronomy and Mathematics Aryabhatta : Shunya Decimal System and value of Pie Eclipses Solar Year Concept of Infinity Calculated position of Planets Earth’s Axis and Rotation Spherical Earth Aryabhatiyam : First ever book on Algebra. Varahmihira : Moon revolves around Earth and Earth around Sun Movement of planets

17. Medicine and entertainment Over 500 distinctive herbs for over 1000 classified diseases. Inoculation/ vaccination/ immunisation Plastic surgery on face Introduced Chess

18. Art and Architcture Fresco paintings of Ajanta Caves Introduced to architectural styles ie . Nagar and Dravidian in temple contruction . Art had great influence of Hinduism whether in Paintings and Devotional- classical Dance, Singing and playing Instruments. Other temples                                   Vishnu  reclining on the serpent  Shesha ( Ananta ),  Dashavatara Temple  5th century

19. Craftsmenship Iron pilllar at Qutab Minar 2 mt . high bronze statue of Buddha

20. Vikramaditya's Navaratnas Vikramaditya  is a legendary emperor, who is said to have ruled from Ujjain. According to folk tradition, his court had 9 famous scholars.The earliest source that mentions this legend is Jyotirvidabharana   According to this text, the following 9 scholars (including Kalidasa himself) attended Vikramaditya's court: [1] Amarasimha ( sanskrit grammarian and poet) Dhanvantari ( vaidya ) (a medical practitioner) Ghatakarapara (author of Ghatakarpara-kavya ) Kalidasa (poet and dramatist) Kshapanaka (a Jain monk) Shanku Varahamihira  (astrologer and astronomer) Vararuchi  (poet and grammarian) Vetala-Bhatta (the author of the sixteen stanza Niti-pradeepa )

21. THANKS