Hand tools and Common FaultsSSSSSSSS.pptx

HAND TOOLS IN ELECTRONICS

1. CONSUMER ELECTRONICS SERVICING

2. As its consumers, one should familiarize herself in the tools and equipment that assembled little scraps and parts to electronic devices. In this part of the module, we will talk about the different tools and equipment used for tasks of electronic products.

3. WHAT IS ELECTRONICS? the branch of physics and technology concerned with the design of circuits using transistors and microchips, and with the behavior and movement of electrons in a semiconductor, conductor, vacuum, or gas.

4. WHAT ARE ELECTRONIC DEVICES? Electronic devices have PCB as their main base. PCB is the green/brown colored boards with attached metallic components. This is where other components like wires, lights, switches are attached (using soldering tools) to create a circuit for the electrons to flow. Electronic devices contains that system installed on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board)

5. PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD (PCB) A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electrical or electronic components such as resistors, inductors, capacitors, diodes, switches, transistors, or integrated circuits.

6. USE OF Hand tools

7. DRIVING TOOLS used to drive /turn/manipulate the screws/nuts/bolts into and from surfaces like metal/PCB Example: Inserting a screw, removing screws by turning.

8. SCREWDRIVER Screwdrivers: are hand tools specifically designed to insert and tighten, or to loosen and remove screws. A screwdriver’s parts are Handle which is what the technician hold to manipulate/rotate Tip of which is shaped in to fit a particular type of screw head.

9. SLOTTED SCREWDRIVER A screwdriver with negative shaped tip. It is used to drive or fasten negative shaped screw heads. (-)

10. PHILLIPS SCREWDRIVER A screwdriver with positive shaped tip. It is used to drive or fasten positive shaped screw heads. (+) It is a screwdriver that could take greater torque and could provide tighter fastenings.

11. JEWELERS SCREWDRIVER SET Set of small screwdrivers composed of slotted and Phillips screwdrivers. It is used to drive or fasten negative and positive shaped small screw heads. (-) (+)

12. SOLDERING IRON A device for applying heat to melt solder in attaching two metal parts. A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle. .

13. SOLDERING TOOL STAND A tool where the soldering iron is placed during usage. This will keep the soldering iron away from flammable materials. This will also prevent injuries of burning.

14. DESOLDERING TOOL/PUMP This is used in removing soldered wires through air pump and components on printed circuit boards for troubleshooting and repair purposes.

15. SPLICING TOOLS used to hold/twist/cut rubbers (insulation), and copper of wires.

16. LONG NOSE PLIERS This is used for holding, bending, and stretching the lead of electronic component or connecting wires.

17. SIDE CUTTING PLIER/SIDE CUTTER This is used for cutting the the whole wire rubber (insulation) and copper or just cutting of the rubber (insulation)

18. WIRE STRIPPER This is a pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire cutters. The addition of a center notch makes it easier to cut the insulation without cutting the wire. Wires are inserted in the center notch to remove the rubber (insulation) without cutting the wire.

19. BORING TOOLS used to drill the screws/nuts/bolts into and from surfaces like metal/PCB.

20. 12V MINI DRILL This is used to bore or drill holes in frailer/thinner surfaces like that of a PCB. Used in the printed circuit board (PCB) with sizes from 1/32” – 1/16”.

21. PORTABLE ELECTRIC DRILL This is used for boring hole(s) in sturdier/thicker surfaces like plastic, metal chassis with the used of drill bits having sizes from 1/6” to approximately 1/4”. At your home, this may resemble a drill that bore holes into the concrete walls/woods.

22. METAL FILES These are hand tools having a series of sharp, parallel ridges or teeth. Most files have a narrow, pointed tang at one end to which a handle can be fitted. Flat File is parallel in width and tapered in thickness; they are used for flat surfaces and edges. Half Round File is tapered in width and thickness, coming to a point, and is narrower than a standard half round and used for filing inside of rings. Round File is also called rat-tail file which is gradually tapered and used for many tasks that require a round tool, such as enlarging round holes or cutting a scalloped edge.

23. CUTTING TOOLS used in cutting materials for tasks in electronics.

24. UTILITY KNIFE This is a common tool used in cutting various trades and crafts for a variety of purposes.

25. HACKSAW This is used for cutting thick metals. Some have pistol grips which keep the hacksaw firm and easy to grip. The small hand-held hacksaws consist of a metal arch with a handle that fits around a narrow, rigid blade.

26. AUXILIARY TOOLS tools with other functions, particularly to support other tools for accomplishing tasks.

27. PAINTBRUSH This is made of bristles set in handle, used for cleaning dirty parts of a circuit or an object.

28. MAGNIFYING GLASS This is a convex lens which is used to produce a magnified image of an object. This is used to magnify small components so the technician can work easily.

29. REFLECTION: 1. Recall the classification of hand tools discussed. Name a hand tool for each classification. 2. Do you think electronics servicing is only for men? Can women do such jobs like being an electronics engineer, electrician, carpenter, and alike? Why? 3. How can you apply your knowledge of hand tools to tasks encountered at home? Give an example. Example: I can apply it to removing/installing screws at home. 4. As a child member of the household, why is it important to help your guardians in these tasks?

30. LET’S TRY!

31. 1. Sheena wants to cut the insulation without cutting the copper wire. What tool is she going to use? WIRE STRIPPER

32. 2. Hailey wants to attach two metal parts in a printed circuit board. What tool is she going to use? SOLDERING

33. 3. George wants to remove positive slotted screws in his thermal scanner. What tool is she going to use? PHILLIPS SCREWDRIVER

34. 4. Mary wants to keep soldering iron away from flammable materials during usage. What tool is she going to use? SOLDERING TOOL STAND

35. 5. Edrian wants to bend and stretch the lead of his connecting wires What tool is she going to use? LONG NOSE

36. WHAT CAN YOU SEE?

37. WHAT CAN YOU SEE?

38. WHAT CAN YOU SEE?

39. Common Faults in Using Hand Tools

40. Learning Targets: At the end of this lesson, you are expected to: a. Identify the Common Faults in using Hand tools. b. Demonstrate the proper use of Hand tools.

41. Common Faults in Using Hand Tools In any activity involving skills, it is a standard procedure that you must always use the right tool or equipment properly that would fit in a particular task.

42. When using Pliers: Do not substitute pliers for a wrench when turning bolts and nuts. Pliers cannot grip these items properly and might cause a slip and create an accident. You can organize your ideas clearly. Do not increase the handle length of pliers to gain more leverage. Use a larger pair of pliers or bolt cutters if necessary. Never use pliers as a hammer on the handle. Such abuse is likely to result in cracks or breaks.

43. When using Pliers: Cut hardened wires only with pliers designed for that purpose. Always cut the wires in right angle. Never rock from side to side or bend wire back and forth against the cutting edges.

44. When using Screwdrivers: Never use screwdrivers with broken or worn-out handles. Screwdrivers of these kinds should have tags to indicate that it is defective. Never use screwdrivers as a pry bar, chisel, and punch stirrer or scraper. Never use pliers on a screwdriver for extra leverage. Only use wrench or screwdrivers specifically designed for purpose.

45. When using Utility Knives/ Blades: Do not use dull blades because they require more force, thus are more likely to slip. Replace the blade when it starts to “tear” instead of cut. Don’t bend or apply side loads to blades by using them to open cans or loosen tight cover of containers. Blades are brittle and can snap easily. Never leave a knife unattended with the blade exposed.

46. GROUP ACTIVITY: Class will be divided into three (3) groups, each will have one topic to perform. You have 10 minutes to finish the group activity. Group 1: Common Faults in Using Pliers Group 2: Common Faults in Using Screwdrivers Group 3: Common Faults in Using Utility Knives/Blades SKIT

47. RUBRICS:

48. RUBRICS:

49. WHAT HAVE YOU LEARN FROM THE GROUP ACTIVITY?