hardware to test for chlorine residual in

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1. PERSONALIZED TESTING KIT FOR TESTING RESIDUAL CHLORINE LEVEL AT DELIVERY POINT SMART INDIA HACKATHON 2024 Problem Statement ID - SIH1569 Theme - Knowing your chlorine Level PS Category - Hardware Team ID - PLO91b_YN Team Name - AQUA CHIP

2. Chlorometer: A Cost-effective Device for Testing Residual Chlorine Levels in Water Detailed Explanation of the Proposed Solution : The Chlorometer is a portable device designed to measure residual chlorine levels in drinking water, targeting Hotel facilities, water supply companies, rural households and community water sources. It comprises a test strip coated with DPD (N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine), with a biosensor and a digital display. How it Addresses the Problem : At the point of delivery the chlorometer has the sensitivity and specificity to elaborate the quantity of chlorine residual in a water sample by the process of colour detection by the optic sensor to interpret the concentratio n quantity of the residual chlorine It creates awareness and preventive method like the use of potassium metabisulphite to neutralized the quantity of chlorine in the sample . Innovation and Uniqueness of the Solution : Unlike conventional methods, the Chlorometer combines affordability, portability, and accuracy in a single device. The use of a digital display makes it easier for non-experts to interpret results, reducing the need for technical knowledge. 2 @SIH Idea submission- Template AQUA CHIP

3. Chlorometer: A Cost-effective Device for Testing Residual Chlorine Levels in Water The Chlorometer kit uses the DPD colorimetric reaction as its core principle for detecting chlorine in water. By measuring the oxidation of DPD to a pink compound in the presence of chlorine DPD is oxidized in the presence of chlorine (Cl₂), resulting in a pink-colored product. The intensity of the color is directly proportional to the concentration of free chlorine in the sample Chemical reaction (DPD and residual chlorine) = DPD (colorless) + Cl2​ → Pink color (formed) The color intensity produced by the DPD oxidation is measured by a optical sensor and the microcontroller in the digital meter. The optical sensor has the ability to detects the color intensity at a specific wavelength (around 510 nm) that corresponds to the pink color produced. 3 @SIH Idea submission- Template AQUA CHIP

4. TECHNICAL APPROACH 4 @SIH Idea submission- Template AQUA CHIP Technologies to be Used : Hardware : Test strips (DPD-coated), optical, digital display unit, microcontroller (e.g., Arduino or Raspberry Pi), rechargeable lithium battery. Threshold and cut-off for this device : 0.1 – 6.0mg/L of chlorine residual in water Test strip coated with DPD which react with chlorine to give a pink color. Methodology and Process for Implementation: NB : The intensity of the color(pink) will be directly proportional to the quantity(level) of the chlorine residual concentration. Test strip is coated with DPD which react with chlorine to give a pink color Optical sensor to detect the pink color intensity Microcontroller sense the color intensity signals and convert it into a readable digits The detector display the digits

5. FEASIBILITY AND VIABILITY 5 @SIH Idea submission- Template AQUA CHIP Analysis of the Feasibility of the Idea: The Chlorometer contain a highy sensitive and specificity strip which has the ability to detect chlorine ions and free chlorine particles in 100ml of water sample. It has a leverages low-cost, widely available components to ensure affordability. Easy to assemble and maintain, requiring minimal training for users. Potential Challenges and Risks : Ensuring consistent accuracy and reliability across different environmental conditions. Overcoming resistance to adopting new technology in rural areas. Strategies for Overcoming These Challenges : Partnership with some organisations such as the national institute of laboratories renovate the device standards and threshold Rigorous field testing and calibration to enhance accuracy. Conducting awareness and training sessions for users to understand the benefits and usage of the Chlorometer.

6. IMPACT AND BENEFITS 6 @SIH Idea submission- Template AQUA CHIP Potential Impact on the Target Audience : Provides rural communities with a practical tool for ensuring safe drinking water Reducing waterborne diseases. Benefits of the Solution : Social: Empowers communities with self-reliance in water safety. Economic: Reduces healthcare costs associated with waterborne illnesses. Environmental: Promotes sustainable water use and management practices.

7. RESEARCH AND REFERENCES 7 @SIH Idea submission- Template AQUA CHIP Key References : World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality: Fourth Edition Incorporating the First Addendum. World Health Organization, Geneva. Saxena, G., & Bharagava , R. N. (2017). Water Contamination by Chlorine and Chloramines Residuals: Implications and Solutions. Environmental Pollution and Protection, 4(3), 65-72. Chou JC, Chen CC, Lee CC. Development of microcontroller applied to chlorine ion measurement system. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2011 Dec 2;12(6):2215-21. Gaikwad R, Kumbhar D, Ganeshkhind C . Development of portable optical sensor based system for detection of phosphate in wastewater. International Journal of Chemical and and Physical Science. 2018 Mar;7:470-5. Carlsson K, Moberg L, Karlberg B. The miniaturisation of the standard method based on the N, N′-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) reagent for the determination of free or combined chlorine. Water research. 1999 Feb 1;33(2):375-80.