Hazing refers to the practice of subjecting newcomers or initiates to a group or organization

Hazing refers to the practice of subjecting newcomers or initiates to a group or organization to various forms of abuse, humiliation, or harassment as a way of proving their worthiness or loyalty.

1. HAZING PRESENTER AND RESEARCHER KATHERINE CUNANAN/NINA ANALEI MALLARI PROFESSOR : ATTY. AQUINO DOCTOR OF EDUCATION MAJOR IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT HAZING HAZING

2. HAZING: AN OVERVIEW Definition and Background Hazing refers to activities expected of someone joining or participating in a group that can be humiliating, degrading, abusive, or endangering, regardless of the person's willingness to participate. Hazing is commonly associated with initiation rituals in various organizations, including fraternities, sororities, sports teams, and military units.

3. DEFINING HAZING: LEGAL AND CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES Hazing laws in the Philippines often lack clear, comprehensive definitions, leading to legal ambiguity and challenges in enforcement. Legal Definitions 01 Certain hazing practices are deeply ingrained in Philippine culture, viewed as a rite of passage, despite growing concerns about their legality and ethics. Cultural Acceptability 02 Addressing hazing requires carefully examining the legal definitions, cultural norms, and the need to protect victims while respecting traditional practices. Balancing Perspectives 03

4. COMMON HAZING SCENARIOS IN PHILIPPINE SCHOOLS AND ORGANIZATIONS Hazing rituals in the Philippines often involve forced physical activities, such as strenuous calisthenics, extended physical punishment, and endurance tests. New recruits may also be subjected to verbal abuse, humiliation, and forced drinking or consumption of unpalatable substances. In some cases, victims are blindfolded, bound, or deprived of sleep as part of the hazing process. Initiation rites can also include paddling, paddling, and beating with objects like paddles or belts.

5. Hazing remains a significant issue in the Philippines, despite stringent laws aimed at curbing the practice. The recent deaths of students, such as John Matthew Salilig and Ronnel Baguio, have sparked renewed calls for the strict enforcement and possible revision of the Anti-Hazing Law of 2018. 01

6. The Anti-Hazing Act of 2018 (Republic Act No. 11053) imposes severe penalties, including life imprisonment, on individuals involved in hazing activities. This law was enacted to address the deep-seated culture of hazing in fraternities and other organizations. However, experts argue that legal measures alone are insufficient. The persistence of hazing incidents indicates a need to change the underlying cultural attitudes that view hazing as a rite of passage​ ( Philstar )​​ ( GMA Network | News and Entertainment )​. 02

7. RECENT CASES HAVE HIGHLIGHTED THE CHALLENGES IN ENFORCING THESE LAWS. FOR INSTANCE, THE DEATH OF JOHN MATTHEW SALILIG, AN ADAMSON UNIVERSITY STUDENT, Led to the indictment of several fraternity members. Salilig's death, along with the discovery of his body in a vacant lot, underscores the brutality of hazing practices and the difficulty in holding perpetrators accountable. This incident has prompted discussions on whether further legislative revisions are necessary to strengthen the Anti-Hazing Law​ ( Philstar )​​ ( Philstar )​.

8. IN CEBU, THE DEATH OF RONNEL BAGUIO, A UNIVERSITY OF CEBU STUDENT, RESULTED IN A JOINT INVESTIGATION BY THE PUBLIC ATTORNEY'S OFFICE (PAO) AND THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (NBI). This case is being treated as a priority, with authorities closely collaborating to ensure justice is served. The involvement of university officials in these investigations signifies a more proactive stance by educational institutions in addressing hazing-related violence​ ( GMA Network | News and Entertainment )​.

9. PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL IMPACTS OF HAZING Hazing can inflict severe psychological harm, leaving victims with lasting trauma, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. The humiliation and powerlessness experienced during hazing can have long-term detrimental effects on mental health. Psychological Trauma Hazing activities often involve physical abuse, including beatings, forced exercise, and dangerous stunts. These can result in serious injuries like bruises, broken bones, concussions, and even life-threatening conditions like organ failure or internal bleeding. Physical Injuries

10. EXISTING LAWS AND REGULATIONS AGAINST HAZING In 2018, the Anti-Bullying Act was passed, which broadened the definition of hazing and expanded protections for victims. Schools and universities are required to have anti-hazing policies and mechanisms for reporting incidents. The Philippines has enacted several laws aimed at prohibiting and punishing hazing practices. The Anti-Hazing Law of 1995 criminalizes hazing and imposes penalties on organizers and participants. It requires organizations to register with the government and obtain approval for initiation rites.

11. Key Anti-Hazing Laws Penalties Anti-Hazing Law of 1995 Fines and imprisonment for organizers and participants Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 Suspension or expulsion of students, fines for schools HAZING

12. CHALLENGES IN ENFORCING ANTI-HAZING LEGISLATION Loopholes in legislation, difficulties in gathering evidence, and lenient sentencing make it challenging to prosecute hazing cases effectively. Legal Obstacles 01 Deep-rooted traditions and a culture of acceptance towards hazing practices create resistance to change, hindering enforcement of anti-hazing laws. Cultural Entitlement 02 Slow legal processes, lack of coordination between authorities, and insufficient resources inhibit timely investigation and prosecution of hazing incidents. Bureaucratic Hurdles 03

13. PREVENTIVE MEASURES AND AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS Addressing the issue of hazing requires a multifaceted approach, including targeted awareness campaigns and the implementation of robust preventive measures. Educational institutions, student organizations, and government agencies must work together to promote a culture of non-violence and respect. Comprehensive training programs for students, faculty, and staff can empower them to recognize and report hazing incidents. Community-based initiatives that highlight the psychological and physical consequences of hazing can also help shift societal attitudes and break the cycle of abuse.

14. ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS Schools and student groups play a crucial role in raising awareness about the dangers of hazing. They can organize workshops, campaigns, and speaker events to educate the community. Promoting Awareness Educational institutions must have clear and robust anti-hazing policies in place, and they must consistently enforce these policies to create a safe environment. Enforcing Anti-Hazing Policies

15. ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS By promoting healthy traditions, team-building activities, and inclusive leadership programs, schools and organizations can cultivate a culture that rejects hazing and celebrates diversity. Fostering Positive Culture Counseling, mental health resources, and victim support services are essential for helping those affected by hazing incidents and promoting healing within the community. Providing Support Services

16. CONCLUSION AND CALL TO ACTION Strengthening enforcement of anti-hazing laws, promoting awareness campaigns, and empowering educational institutions and student organizations are crucial steps forward. In conclusion, addressing the issue of hazing in the Philippines requires a multifaceted approach.

17. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! PRESENTER AND RESEARCHER KATHERINE CUNANAN/NINA ANALEI MALLARI PROFESSOR : ATTY. AQUINO