HBV IMMUNIZATION BY DR.FETIYA Mohammed.pptx

INDICATION FOR ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION
Infant VACCINE
Individuals other than neonates identified as high-risk groups (such as healthcare workers, immunecompromised individuals including HIV; Organ transplant, patients on hemodialysis, children 1-5 years who missed immunization for HBV, sexual partners and close contacts of infected individuals) ��A course of HBV vaccine may give lifelong immunity. However it is recommended that individuals at continuing risk of infection (immune-compromised patients and those on hemodialysis) should be offered a single booster dose vaccine once every five year after primary immunization.Adverse reactions to the vaccine are few and usually mild.
There may be some soreness and erythema around the injection site
Fatigue, malaise and influenza- like symptoms are rare
An association with Guillain – Barre – type syndrome has not been substantiated .It provides passive immunity and can give immediate but temporary protection.
Prophylactic treatment to prevent hepatitis B infection after exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) should be considered in several situations:
Perinatal exposure of an infant born to a HBsAg positive mother within 24 hrs
Accidental percutaneous or permucosal exposure to HBsAg-positive blood preferably within 24-48
hrs
Sexual exposure to an HBsAg-positive person � �
�.HBIG - INFANT 12MONTH AND ADOLECENT -0.06 ML /KG REPEAT AT 28 AND 30 DAYS
Hepatitis B immunoglobulin is well tolerated

ACTIVE –RECOMBINANT HEPATITIS B VACCINE FOR <20 YEAR OLD 0.5 ML IM (5MCG) SECHEDULE 0,1 AND 6 MONTH OR FOR<18 MOONTH AT BIRTH ,4WEEK 6 WEEK 10 WEEK AND 14 WEEK
However, an accelerated course of 0, 1 and 2 months is possible like in PEP as well, for hepatitis B vaccines. Adults who need protection very quickly (e.g. within 48 hours of exposure) can have schedule of 0, 7 and 21 days. After an accelerated course, a booster at one year is recommended. After confirmed exposure, test for HBsAg, Anti-HBs Ab, and Anti-HBc Ab, if negative provide vaccine and possibly HBIG if required. For testing the exposed person sample should be collected before the vaccine. The vaccine should be given within 48 hours and certainly not later than seven days after exposure.
Immunoglobulin is given at different site and it does not reduce the immune response to the vaccine.If the status of the source is not known assume HBV infected source.
If the type of exposure is a “needle stick” injury, cut or abrasion, the site should be washed immediately with soap and water �HBsAg-positive mother or mother with other evidence of HBV infection — As soon as possible and within 12 hours after birth, infants born to women who are HBsAg-positive or women whose prenatal HBsAg results are not available at the time of delivery but who have other evidence of maternal HBV infection (eg, presence of hepatitis B deoxyribonucleic acid, positive hepatitis e antigen, known chronic hepatitis B infection) should recei.

1. HBV IMMUNIZATION

2. Hepatitis B immunization ACTIVE OR PASSIVE Immunity

3. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION INDICATION FOR ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION Infant VACCINE Individuals other than neonates identified as high-risk groups (such as healthcare workers, immunecompromised individuals including HIV; Organ transplant, patients on hemodialysis , children 1-5 years who missed immunization for HBV, sexual partners and close contacts of infected individuals )

4. ACTIVE –RECOMBINANT HEPATITIS B VACCINE FOR <20 YEAR OLD 0.5 ML IM (5MCG) SECHEDULE 0,1 AND 6 MONTH OR FOR<18 MOONTH AT BIRTH ,4WEEK 6 WEEK 10 WEEK AND 14 WEEK However, an accelerated course of 0, 1 and 2 months is possible like in PEP as well, for hepatitis B vaccines. Adults who need protection very quickly (e.g. within 48 hours of exposure) can have schedule of 0, 7 and 21 days. After an accelerated course, a booster at one year is recommended.

5. A course of HBV vaccine may give lifelong immunity. However it is recommended that individuals at continuing risk of infection (immune-compromised patients and those on hemodialysis ) should be offered a single booster dose vaccine once every five year after primary immunization

6. Adverse reactions to the vaccine are few and usually mild. There may be some soreness and erythema around the injection site Fatigue, malaise and influenza- like symptoms are rare An association with Guillain – Barre – type syndrome has not been substantiated

7. P assive immunity It provides passive immunity and can give immediate but temporary protection. Prophylactic treatment to prevent hepatitis B infection after exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) should be considered in several situations: Perinatal exposure of an infant born to a HBsAg positive mother within 24 hrs Accidental percutaneous or permucosal exposure to HBsAg -positive blood preferably within 24-48 hrs Sexual exposure to an HBsAg -positive person

8. HBIG - INFANT <12 MONTH -0.5ML - CHILDREN > 12MONTH AND ADOLECENT -0.06 ML /KG REPEAT AT 28 AND 30 DAYS Hepatitis B immunoglobulin is well tolerated

9. Post Exposure Management After confirmed exposure, test for HBsAg , Anti-HBs Ab , and Anti- HBc Ab , if negative provide vaccine and possibly HBIG if required. For testing the exposed person sample should be collected before the vaccine. The vaccine should be given within 48 hours and certainly not later than seven days after exposure. Immunoglobulin is given at different site and it does not reduce the immune response to the vaccine .

10. If the status of the source is not known assume HBV infected source. If the type of exposure is a “needle stick” injury, cut or abrasion, the site should be washed immediately with soap and water