HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE SYSTEM Introduction ,Definition , concept ,impact,nature

health care system are complex
or̥ganization that are in aconstant process of change and evolution
all organiztion , people and action whose primary intent is to promote

1. GANGA INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES
GANGA SCHOOL OF NURSING/ GANGA COLLEGE OF NURSING
S.P.NO: 442, VATTAMALAIPALAYAM, NGGO COLONY POST,
COIMBATORE - 641022, TAMILNADU,INDIA.
Web: www.gangahealthsciences.com/ Mail:[email protected]
Contact No : 0422 2976003 / 2976005.

MS.VENMATHI.K
NURSING TUTOR
GANGA COLLEGE OF NURSING

2. HEALTH AND HEALTH

CARE SYSTEM

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3. INTRODUCTION

Health :

- Health means different things to different people,
depending in the situation.

+ Level of functional metabolic efficiency of a living
organism

+ Good health is a prerequisite of human productive

and developmental process,

4. DEFINITION

» In 1948 the world health organization (WHO)defines
health as,
“A state of complete physical, mental, social, spiritual
wellbeing and not merely absence of disease or
infirmity”

» Dynamic state in which the individual adapts to changes
in internal and external environments to maintain a state

of well being “

5. CONCEPT OF HEALTH

» Health is evolved over the centuries as a concept from

individual concern to world wide social goal and

encompasses the whole quality of life.

Changing concept of health till now are,

> Biomedical concept

» Ecological concept

» Psychosocial concept

> Holistic concept

6. BIOMEDICAL CONCEPT & \ ory

» Traditionally, health viewed as an “absence of

disease”,

» The medical profession viewed the human body as a

machine. disease as a consequence of the breakdown of

| machine

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7. ECOLOGICAL CONCEPT

+ Health is viewed as a dynamic equilibrium

between human being and environment

» Disease a maladjustment of the human organism to
environment.

» According to Dubos “Health implies the relative
absence of pain and discomfort and a continuous
adaptation and adjustment to the environment to

sure optimal function.”

AAN E CANGA INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

8. PSYCHOSOCIAL CONCEPT

> According to psychosocial concept,
“health is not only biomedical phenomenon, but

is influenced by social, psychological, cultural,

economic and political factors of the people

concerned.”

9. HOLISTIC CONCEPT

» Its the synthesis all the above concepts.
» It recognizes the strength of social, economic ,
political and environmental influences on health.
» It described health as a unified or multidimensional
process involving the wellbeing of whole person in

context of his environment .

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10. Natural History of Disease

a recovery

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11. Illness

Illness is a state in which the physical, social,

developmental, intellectual, emotional or spiritual

functioning of the individual is diminished or impaired
» Acute illness

- Chronic illness

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12. Acute illness
Short duration
Mostly severe
Starts abruptly and subsides in relatively short period (less
than 6 months)

Chronic illness
Persist for more than six months
May affect functioning of body in any dimension
Up to the level of disability
Major health problem

GANGA INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

13. Impact on body image

» Changes in the physical appearance
» Depending on the type of change
Short term : they will accept
Permanent(eg: amputation) :show reaction
= Shock
* Withdrawal
* Acknowledgment
* Acceptance
* Rehabilitation

» Use of prosthesis

14. IMPACT ON FAMILY

15. Health Care Services

» Aims to reach optimal (perfect) health by -
Promotion of health
Prevention € control of disease and health hazards

» Depends upon -
Nature & extent of health problem
Level of care required for quality life

16. Health care services
Health care services are rendered by multi-
disciplinary team in India

» It’s the totality of services offered by all health
disciplines

1. Public sector
2. Private sector

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17. Public sector

Health care services are provided to public
Governmental agencies
Voluntary agencies
Non profit agencies

» Services

curative services
preventive services
Promotive services
Rehabilitative services

» It administered in the central level and state level

18. Private sector

» Non governmental agencies
» It comprises largest segment of the health care system

19. Levels of health care services:

» Preventive & Primary health care
» Secondary care

» Tertiary care

» Restorative care

» Continuing care

20. 1. Preventive € Primary health care (health

promotion)- health for all

* Focuses on improved health outcomes for an entire
population

* Itincludes

* Nutrition counseling

* Family planning

+ Maternal & child health

* Health education

= * Immunization

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21. » Secondary & tertiary care- hospitals
Secondary acute care
+ Emergency care
* Acute medical-surgical care
* Radiological procedures
+ Tertiary care

Intensive & sub acute care

22. » Restorative care-to regain maximal functional status,
enhance quality of life, self-care
CPR
Home care

Rehabilitation

23. FALIURS INFLUENLING MUVERN

MEALIA CARE SYSTEMS

© Changing pattern of disease

© Socio demographic changes

o Public demands and expectations
o Professional development

© High technology

© International affairs- globalization

® Government health policy and reform
programmes

24. CUMPFUNENTS Ur MEALIM CLARE SYSIEM

© Structure: how is the system organized?

e Functions: what does the system aim to
achieve?

e Personnel: who works in the system?

® Funding: how is the system funded?

© Reimbursement: how are the health
professionals paid?

o Target population: who does the system
provide care for?

25. CARN E GANGA INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

SEI IINGD TUR MEALIM SERVICE

© Hospitals
© Health centers and clinics
© General practices

® Dental surgeries

© Direct access centers

© Mobile surgeries

® Domiciliary care

© Workplace

© Pharmacist premises

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Nursing Gourses

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