Health Belief Model

A model of prevention and why people do not accept of accept certain health behaviors

1. Health Belief Model Deblina Roy M.SC Nursing 1 st year K.G.M.U. Institute of Nursing

2. Model Model is a theoretical way of understanding concept or idea. Health Beliefs: These are person’s Ideas, convictions, attitudes about health and illness.

3. History of the HBM Developed in the 50’s by the U.S. Public Health Service Social psychologists were asked to explain why people do not participate in health behaviors ( Rosenstock , 1960; 1966) Developed based on operant and cognitive-behavioral theory

4. P remise of the Health Belief Model Individuals will take action to ward off, to screen for, or to control an ill health condition if : 1) they regard themselves as susceptible to the condition 2) they believe it to have potentially serious consequences 3) they believe a course of action can reduce the susceptibility and seriousness 4) they believe the costs of the action are outweighed by its benefits

5. Components of the HBM Perceived Susceptibility an individual’s perception of her or his risk of contracting a health condition Perceived Severity an individual’s perception of the seriousness of a health condition if left untreated Note: the combination of these is the perceived threat of the health condition (emotive response is fear)

6. Components of the HBM Perceived Benefits the perceived effectiveness of taking action to improve a health condition Perceived Barriers the perceived impediments to taking action to improve a health condition

7. Components of the HBM Cues to Action Body or environmental events that trigger the HBM

8. Additional Components? Self-Efficacy confidence to continue the healthy behavior and overcome temptations

9. Where Do We Intervene? Educate about threat (vulnerability, susceptibility) Fear appraisals Educate about coping (response efficacy, self-efficacy) Health education

10. Evaluating the HBM APPLICABILITY TO PRACTICE (IS IT USEFUL?) Coping efficacy is the most important component Self-efficacy (and perceived barriers) is the most influential component for health behavior Perceived severity is the weakest component Health behaviors are long-term? Perceived vulnerability often influences intentions but not behavior

11. Evaluating the HBM COMPREHENSIVE (Does it explain behavior completely?) No What about other motives for behavior other than health? These motives appear untapped for explaining behavior.

12. Application Exercise Please choose a health behavior and population Assume you are an specialist contracted to develop a persuasive communication (poster, news advertisement etc.) to improve the health behavior for the population Create a message that includes severity, susceptibility, response efficacy, and self-efficacy for the target population

13. Questions?

14. Bibliography Potter P.A,Perry A.F,Stokert P.A,Hall A.M.Fundamentals of nursing. 3 rd Ed;Elsevier,Noida ( India);2013.p03-05 Klenpell RM. Advanced n ursing p ractice ,3 rd ed ; Sprigers Publishing Company, New York;2013.p13 Polit DF, Beck CT. Nursing research:Principles and methods. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007 Black JM, Hawks JH, Keene AM. Medical surgical nursing. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2006.

15. Thank You