Health Informatics terminology wabi.pptx

ryttfffffhgfgghgfhfgggfggg

1. H ealth informatics terminologies By: Wabi T. (BSc, MPH)

2. Information system How does it differ from > Information Technology? > Information Science?

3. Information Technology “is the study of design , development , implementation , support or management of computer-based information systems , particularly software applications and computer hardware’’

4. The Functions of Information Technology

5. 5 Capture: The process of compiling detailed records of activities . Processing: The process of converting, analyzing, computing, and synthesizing all forms of data or information. Data Processing Information Processing Word Processing Image Processing Voice Processing Generation: The process of organizing information into a useful form, whether as numbers, text, sound, or visual image . The Functions of Information Technology

6. 6 Storage and Retrieval: Storage is the computer process of retaining information for future use. Retrieval is the process by which a computer locates and copies stored data or information for further processing or for transmission to another user. Transmission: The computer process of distributing information over a communications network. Electronic Mail, or E-Mail Voice Messaging, or Voice Mail The Functions of Information Technology

7. Major Information System Categories Transaction Processing System (TPS) Management Information System (MIS) Decision Support System (DSS) 7

8. Transaction Processing System (TPS) Transaction Processing System (TPS) Processes information in order to complete a transaction Examples: Admit, discharge, transfer (ADT) 8

9. Admission-Discharge-Transfer (ADT) “The name given to software systems used in health care facilities that register and track patients from admission through discharge including transfers; usually interfaced with other systems used throughout a facility such as an electronic health record or lab information system.” 9

10. Management Information System (MIS) Management Information System (MIS) Helps managers plan, organize, and evaluate their department Examples: Laboratory department management system Emergency department management system 10

11. Decision Support System (DSS) “A computer-based system that gathers data from a variety of sources and assists in providing structure to the data by using various analytical models and visual tools in order to facilitate and improve the ultimate outcome in decision-making tasks Example: Clinical DSS 11

12. Concepts of health informatics Data: Represents unorganized and unprocessed facts or statement of event without relation to other things Consists of a set of discrete facts about events or transactions which will be used for exchange between humans/machines It is a raw recordings which does not have meaning in and of itself It has no meaning until it is placed in a  context Gathered from various sources Suppose patient A has a blood pressure reading of 170/100mmHg: Eg : from the above scenario “ 170/100” is the data 9/24/2024 12

13. Concepts of health informatics … Information: Is an aggregation of data about a particular subject, which is put in a context and transformed from data. Information is an aggregation of data that makes decision making easier When data are processed to be useful; it provides answers to "when", "where“, "who", and "what" questions A processed data into a form that is meaningful to the recipient. e.g : from the above scenario “BP of patient A=170/100 mmHg” is information . 9/24/2024 13

14. Concepts of health informatics … Knowledge Knowledge is Information in action It defines relationships between information It includes facts about real world entities and the relationship between them It is an understanding gained through education. Answers the question “ how ” E.g. Patient A has high blood pressure 9/24/2024 14

15. Concepts of health informatics … Wisdom is the knowledge and experience needed to make sensible decisions & judgments , or the good sense shown by the decisions and judgments made accumulated knowledge of life or in a particular sphere of activity that has been gained through experience. Answers the questions “ why ” From the above example: Patient A needs to be treated with anti- hypertensives Patient A needs to be referred to cardiologist 9/24/2024 15

16. Concepts of health informatics … Wisdom is not a product of schooling but of the lifelong attempt to acquire it.“ (Albert Einstein ) 9/24/2024 16

17. From Data to Wisdom 9/24/2024 17

18. Concepts of health informatics… 9/24/2024 18 Figure: DIKW hierarchy