health_promotion_ppt.ppt human and communities

Skills

1. HEALTH PROMOTION
Dr. AHMED H. BAKHIET
DTM&H,MTM,FRCGP,FRCP(Edin.)
Consultant &SNR.Trainer F&CM.Dept.

2. Definition of health
A state of complete physical, mental and
social well-being not merely absence of
disease
A resource for everyday life, not the object of
living

3. Pre-requisites for health
Peace
Shelter
Education
Food
Income
A stable eco-system
Sustainable resources
Social justice
Equity

4. Why do we need health
promotion?
• Promotes quality of life
• Reduces inequalities in health
• Reduces pressure on services
“Adds life to years
Adds years to life”

5. WHAT IS HEALTH PROMOTION?

6. Health promotion is the process of
enabling people to increase control over,
and to improve, their health.
It is a positive concept emphasizing
personal, social, political and institutional
resources, as well as physical capacities.
(WHO (1990), Health Promotion Glossary)

7. Health promotion is any combination of
health, education, economic, political,
spiritual or organizational initiative
designed to bring about positive
attitudinal, behavioral, social or
environmental changes conducive to
improving the health of populations.

8. PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH PROMOTION
The five key principles of health
promotion as determined by WHO are as
follows:
Health promotion involves the population
as a whole in the context of their everyday
life, rather than focusing on people at risk
from specific diseases.

9. Health promotion is directed towards
action on the determinants or causes of
health
Health promotion, therefore, requires a
close co-operation of sectors beyond
health services, reflecting the diversity of
conditions which influence health

10. Health promotion combines diverse, but
complementary methods or approaches
including:-
 communication, education, legislation,
financial measures, organizational
change, community change, community
development and spontaneous local
activities against health hazards.

11. Health promotion aims particularly at
effective and concrete public participation.
This requires the further development of
problem-defining and decision-making life
skills, both individually and collectively,
and the promotion of effective
participation mechanisms.

12. Health promotion is primarily a societal
and political venture and not medical
service, although health professionals
have an important role in advocating and
enabling health promotion.

13. IMPORTANT AREAS FOR
CONSIDERATION
IN HEALTH PROMOTION

14. Building a healthy public policy.
Creating supportive environments.
Strengthening Community action.
Developing personal skill.
Reorientating health services.

15. Building Healthy Public Policy
Focuses on all policy which impacts on health NOT
just health policy
Sets the stage for the health of communities and
individuals
Basic principle is equity
Range of policy instruments available
Achieve a balance between the environment and
personal lifestyles
Focus on ‘health’ planning rather than ‘illness’
planning.

16. Creating Supportive Environments
The environment is both the physical and social
environment.
Basic principle is to provide an environment which
“makes the healthy choice the easy choice”
Physical = ecology, urban and regional planning,
health impacts of new technologies etc.
Social = the ‘climate’, community and family life,
work, leisure, societal norms etc.

17. Strengthening Community Action
Basic principle is empowerment
Community groups control their own
endeavors
Resources provided to support community
action requires a holistic approach and a
partnership approach by health professionals

18. Developing Personal Skills
Basic principle is to enable both the
individual and community education and
learning a central principle.
Individuals developing personal resources
and skills.
Resources to support voluntary and
community groups to facilitate skills
development

19. Reorienting the Health Service
Increase citizen participation in planning and
evaluating health services
Encourage health service deliverers to focus on
health promotion
Increase the advocacy role of health professionals
and institutions
Increase public access to information
Improve the health services contribution to overall
health outcomes

20. Upstream v. downstream action
Upstream:
Social policies
and health
promotion action
Midstream:
Primary
prevention and
health care
Downstream:
Secondary and
tertiary
prevention and
health care

21. Upstream Thinking
“Health Promotion is concerned with
making healthier choices easier choices”
(Dennis et al 1982)

22. Health promotion roles
Advocate
Enable
Mediate

23. key areas for health promotion:
• Healthier Eating
• Physical Activity
• Smoking Cessation
• Tobacco Control.
 Reducing RTA.
Ischemic heart disease.
Obesity .DM .Hypertension.
Mental Health.
 Reducing Substance Abuse.

24. Promotion of health