Health talk on iodine deficiency

THIS PPT IS ON IODINE DEFICIENCY AND IT'S DISORDERS. IT WILL HELP MEDICAL AND NURSING STUDENTS.

1. HEALTH TALK ON IODINE DEFICIENCY

2. I ntroduction Definition Functions of Iodine Source of Iodine Requirement of Iodine Iodine deficiency disorders Risk factors Prevention and control Conclusion Bibilography CONTENT

3. Iodine is essential for human h ealth as it is a constituent of Thyroid hormones,which play A vital role in physical and mental Development. Iodine deficiency not only leads to Goiter and Cretinism but also to a much broad spectrum of disorders. INTRODUCTION

4. Iodine deficiency  is a lack of the trace element  iodine , an essential nutrient in the diet. It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as cretinism due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems. DEFINITION

5. Iodine is essential for synthesis of T3 and T4 hormones. As a constituent of Thyroxin , it regulates the rate of oxidation in the cell and determines the rate o f metabolism . It is also essential for physical and mental growth. FUNCTIONS OF IODINE

6. Sea foods like sea fish Sea salts Milk , meat,vegetables,cereals Drinking water(10%),food(90%) Fresh water 1-10 μ g /L Iodised salts 1gm-76 μ g SOURCES OF IODINE

7. For infants =>40 to 50 μ g Children 2 to 10 years=>100 to 120 μ g Above 10 years and adults=>150 μ g Pregnant and lactating women=> 200-250 μ g REQUIREMENT OF IODINE

8. Iodine deficiency disorder refers to a spectrum of health Sequences resulting form Inadequate intake of iodine. The adverse consequences Of iodine deficiency lead to a w ide spectrum of problems ranging form abortion and Stillbirth to mental & physical Retardation and deafness Which is collectively known as Iodine Deficiency Disorders.(IDDs) IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS

9. IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS Goiter Deficiency of iodine results goiter.if intake of iodine is in adequate,the stores of thyroxin are gradually depleted and the thyroid gland enlarges in an attempt to produce the necessary thyroxin.this enlargement is called G oiter .

10. IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS Cretinism This condition occurs in infant when the pregnant women are severly depleted in iodine.this is a severe condition characterized by a low BMR, muscular flabbiness,weakness,dry skin,enlarged tongue,thick lips arrest of skeletal growth and severe mental retardtion.thyroid hormone gives early to the infants give good result.

11. IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS Some other IDDs Hypothyroidism Decreased fertility rate Increased infant mortality rate Mental retardation

12. Here is a list of a possible risk factors that may lead to Iodine deficiency- Low dietary Iodine Pregnancy Exposure of radiation Increased intake/plasma levels of goitrogens such as calcium. Sex(higher occurrence of women) Smoking tobacco RISK FACTORS

13. PREVENTION AND CONTROL Health education: Create awarness in high risk groups Educate people to eat iodine rich food,salt , avoid goitrogens . Environment modification: Fertilizers increase the soil iodide state Reducing iodine volatilization loss.

14. PREVENTION AND CONTROL Nutritional Intervation : Food fotification,fortified salt,double fortified salt. Spraying of potassium iodate solution on salt heap. Lifestyle and behavioral changes: Difficult,slow and gradual process. Avoid goitrogens Prefer iodine rich foods. Supplementation: Iodised oil injection(IM)-1ml gives protection for 4 years. Iodized oil capsule .

15. PREVENTION AND CONTROL Early Diagnosis: Serum level of T3,T4 and TSH. Urine iodine excretion Heel prick test in neonates for congenital hypothyroidism .

16. Salt iodization is one of the biggest public health success stories in last two decades and remains high relevant despite changes in programming landscape. However, a quarter of the world remains at risk for low iodine intakes and job is thus not yet done. IDD prevention efforts need to remain a cornerstone of global nutrition agenda. CONCLUSION

17. BIBILOGRAPHY Nutrition and therapeutic diets, Darshan Sohi Manual of nutrition and theraputic diet, TK Indrani

18. THANK YOU BY LATIFUN NESHA