HEPATITIS C PRESENTATION

Explore our comprehensive Hepatitis C PowerPoint presentation (PPT) to gain in-depth knowledge of this liver-related viral infection. This expertly crafted presentation covers the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for Hepatitis C. Ideal for medical professionals and the general public, it provides a holistic understanding of the disease, its transmission, risk factors, symptoms, diagnostic procedures, and the latest treatment advancements. Additionally, learn about prevention measures, lifestyle recommendations, and stay up-to-date with current research in the field. Our visually engaging PPT combines informative content with images, diagrams, and charts, making it an accessible resource for medical students, healthcare practitioners, and those seeking knowledge about Hepatitis C. Get a comprehensive insight into Hepatitis C with our educational presentation.

1. HEPATITIS C TANER YEKE - GROUP 1

2. Introduction Hepatitis C is a viral infection that causes liver inflammation, sometimes leading to serious liver damage. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) spreads through contaminated blood. Until recently, hepatitis C treatment required weekly injections and oral medications that many HCV-infected people couldn't take because of other health problems or unacceptable side effects. That's changing. Today, chronic HCV is usually curable with oral medications taken every day for two to six months.

3. Sign and Symptoms Long-term infection with the hepatitis C virus is known as chronic hepatitis C. Chronic hepatitis C is usually a " silent " infection for many years, until the virus damages the liver enough to cause the signs and symptoms of liver disease.

4. Bleeding easily Bruising easily Fatigue Poor appetite J aundice Dark colored urine Itchy skin Ascites Swelling in your legs Weight loss hepatic encephalopathy spider angiomas

5. Incubtion Period: The incubation period for hepatitis C is 2 weeks to 6 months

6. Diagnosis Diagnosis of acute infection is often missed because a majority of infected people have no symptoms Common methods of antibody detection cannot differentiate between acute and chronic infection The presence of antibodies against the hepatitis C virus indicates infection

7. The hepatitis C virus Recombinant Immunoblot Assay (RIBA) and hepatitis C virus RNA testing are used to confirm the diagnosis Early diagnosis has potentials to prevent health problems from infection and prevent transmission to family members and other close contacts

8. They are as follows: People who received blood, blood products or organs before screening for hepatitis C virus Current or former injecting drug users Individuals on long term haemodialysis Health care workers Individuals with HIV infection Individuals with liver disease Infants born to infected mothers

9. ASSAYS Serologic assays: Detect specific antibodies (anti-HCV) in the blood, indicating past or current infection. Molecular assays: Detect viral nucleic acid, either qualitatively (presence/absence) or quantitatively (measuring virus levels in IU/mL). Genotyping assays: Classify the virus into 6 major genotypes, helping to predict treatment response and duration. Useful in epidemiological studies.

10. SEROLOGIC ASSAY

11. Collection and Panels For serologic assays: Obtain 3.5 mL of blood in a gold top tube, plain red top tube, or serum separator microtainer. No special patient preparation is required. After collection, the specimen is allowed to clot, then centrifuged, and refrigerated or frozen for transport. For HCV RNA PCR testing (viral nucleic acid detection) in adults: Collect 4-6 mL of blood in an EDTA (purple-top) tube. In infants, collect 2 mL of blood in a pediatric EDTA tube, and in newborns, use a full purple/lavender-top microtainer tube. The specimen should be immediately brought to the lab for processing. Plasma is separated from whole blood within 6 hours of collection by centrifugation at room temperature. For HCV genotyping: Collect 6 mL of blood in an EDTA tube. The plasma must be separated and frozen within 4 hours of collection. After centrifugation, the plasma is frozen for transport and stabilization.

12. TREATMENT Hepatitis does not always require treatment There are 6 genotypes and each react differently to treatment Careful screening is necessary before starting the treatment to determine the most appropriate approach for the patient Combination anti viral therapy with interferon and ribavirin has been the mainstay for treating hepatitis C Two new therapeutic agents telaprevir and beceprevir have been used in certain countries

13. PREVENTATION: There is no vaccination for hepatitis C THE RISK OF INFECTION CAN BE REDUCED BY AVOIDING : Unnecessary and unsafe injections Unsafe blood products Unsafe sharp waste collection and disposal Use of illicit drugs and sharing of injection equipment Unprotected sex with hepatitis C infected people Sharing of sharp personal items that may have been contaminated with infected blood

14. SECONDARY & TERTIARY PREVENTION WHO recommendations: Education and counselling on options for care and treatment Immunization with the hepatitis A and B vaccines to prevent co- infection from hepatitis virus to protect the liver Early and appropriate medical management including antiviral therapy if appropriate Regular monitoring for early diagnosis of chronic liver disease

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