Hepatitis.pptx For Nurses BNS first year

Hepatitis

1. Hepatitis

2. Introduction Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. The condition can be self-limiting or can progress to fibrosis (scarring), cirrhosis or liver cancer. Hepatitis viruses are the most common cause of hepatitis in the world but other infections, toxic substances (e.g. alcohol, certain drugs), and autoimmune diseases can also cause hepatitis.

3. Hepatitis- A Infective Hepatitis Epidemic Jaundice Travel’s Hepatitis Caused by Picornavirus ( Enterovirus 72) RNA Virus

4. Cont’d… Most common type of hepatitis, especially common in children, self limiting infection. There is no chronic carrier are seen . Most of the case are sub clinical.

5. Cont’d… Mode of transmission Feco - oral route Sexual transmission route

6. Hepatitis- B Caused by H epadona virus (DNA Virus) Also called Blumberg Disease Most infectious Hepatitis Most dangerous Hepatitis Serum Hepatitis Australian antigen Health workers Hepatitis

7. Cont’d… Most of the cases are asymptomatic ( 80%- 85%) Chances of cirrhosis of liver and cancer Patient may goes into chronic stage

8. Cont’d… Mode of transmission Blood borne infection Sexual transmission MTCT ( mother to child transmission) Diagnosis HBSAG (hepatitis B surface Antigen) First antigen appears in serum First lab test in Hep . B

9. Hepatitis -C Also called post transfussion Hepatitis Silent killer hepatitis Common in iv drug abuse Caused by hepacivirus ( Flavivirus -RNA). Chances of development of cirrhosis and liver cancer.

10. Mode of Transmission Blood borne Sexual Transmission Diagnosis RIBA ( Ricombinant immunoblot assay) – Conformatory test.

11. Hepatitis-D ( delta Hepatitis) Caused by Viriods like organism . Dependent antigen, for the occurance of infection of hepatitis ‘D’ there should be Hepatitis ‘B’ infection.

12. Contd … Mode of transmission Sexual MTCT Blood borne

13. Hepatitis - E Also known as kathmandu hepatitis Pregnancy hepatitis ( dangerous in pregnancy) 80% chance of mortality in pregnancy C/A Calcivirus Mode of transmission Only feco - oral

14. Clinical features First symptoms of liver disease is anorexia Indigestion Passes of clay coloured stool Appearance of jaundice Hepatomegaly Rt. Upper quadrant pain

15. Treatment No specific treatment Symptomatic and supportive treatment Avoidance of alcohol, hepatotoxic drugs, complex fat, spicy diet. Use high glucose diet Plenty of drinks Fibers food Low protein diet.

16. Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Hepatitis E Causative Agent Picorona virus Hepadona virus Hepacivirus Viridos Calcivirus Incubation Period 10 – 50 days 30 - 180 days (180 days) 2 wks – 6 months 2 – 12 wks 3 – 8 wks (40 days) Mode of transmission Feco – oral Parenteral ( rarely) Sexual transmission Parental rout Sexual transmission MTCT Blood transfusion MTCT Sexually Sexual MTCT Blood Only feco - oral