HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE SENSING (FRM 180).pptx

REMOTE SENSING

1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE SENSING

2. REMOTE SENSING - Is the science of obtaining factual information about objects, area or phenomenon through the analysis of data acquired by a device that is contact with the object, area, phenomenon under investigation.

3. Aerial Photography - The art and science of producing images in a sensitized material through the action of light . - It is the most common, versatile and economical form of remote sensing . - Started the development of R.S.

4. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE SENSING During American Civil War - Aerial Photography was first used in military. 1839 - Birth of photography

5. Pioneers in the field of photographic processes A. Nicephore Niepce - developed heliography. A technique to create the world’s oldest surviving product of photographic process: a printing plate made from photoengraved printing plate. B. Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre - invented a positive image process for making portraits using metal film plates that had been light sensitized with a larger silver iodide.

6. C. William Henry Fox Talbot - I ntroduce the negative and positive process that is continues used until this day. 1840 - Reduction of camera exposure. 1858 - Gaspard Felix Tournochon (Parisian photographer) took the first aerial photo using a balloon that ascended a height of 80m and obtain a photographic over Bievre , France.

7. 1860 - James Wallace Black : Took another aerial photo from a balloon over Boston. 1862 - To analyze the defenses of Richmond, the Union Aray used Aerial Photography.

8. 1863 - Oliver Wendell Holmes Immortalized the photo taken by James Wallace Black 1882 - E.D Archibald (English Meteorologist) Took the first photograph from a kite to obtain Meteorological data.

9. 1900’s - G.R Lawrence Made a popular worldwide kite photography . - Improvement in the photographic technology whose smaller cameras and faster lenses and films become available . - kites and pigeons used also as platforms

10. 1903 -The airplane was invented. 1909 - Wilbur Wright (pilot) - the birth of 1 st aerial motion picture using airplane as camera platform when motion picture is t aken over Centocelli , Italy.

11. A. P using Aircraft - received heightened attention in the interest of military reconnaissance during WW1. The Greatest stimulation to photo interpretation occurred during WW2 (1939), Germany as world leader. - water depth analysis is developed and photo interpretation techniques become the stablished procedure for civilian applications. S pace imaging - followed A.P

12. 1891 - Ludwig Rhamann - Improved apparatus for obtaining Birds eye photographic views which used a rocket propelled camera system and recovered by a parachute. 1907 - Alfred Maul - Added the concept gyro s tabilization to rocket-camera system 1912 - Maul boosted a 41kg payload containing a 200x250mm format camera to a height of 790m.

13. 1946 – 1950 - the period when the cameras were carried abroad captured V-2 rockets fired from the white sands providing ground in New Mexico. - from then on, numerous flights involving photography were made rockets, ballistics missiles, satellites, and manned spacecraft. 1960 - beginning with TIROS 1 TIROS 1 is an early weather satellites were used with a rather craise views Of cloud patterns and virtually indistinct images of earth’s surface.

14. May 5, 1961 -Alan B. Shepard ( A merican) made a 15min. Suborbital Mercury Flights where 150 excellent photos were taken using a Mauer 70mm automatic camera. February 20, 1962 - John Glenn Jr. he made 3 historic orbits around the earth and took 48 color photos during Mercury MA-6 using a 35mm camera. - 70mm Hasselblad camera was used in color reversal photos.

15. Mission GT-4 - included the first formal photographic experimental from space specifically directed at geology. Apollo 9 - one of Apollo earth orbit flights made prior to the lunar landing which include the first controlled experiment involving the acquisition of multispectral orbited photography for earth resources studies using a 4 camera array of electrically driven and triggered 70mm Hasselblad cams. Skylab (1973) - the first American Space Workshop was launched where its astronauts took over 35,000 images of the earth with the Earth Resources Experimental Package on board.

16. EREP - had a 6-camera multispectral array +2 misowave system and a long f ocal length “earth terrain” camera + a13 channel multi spectral scanner. - the first to demonstrate the complementary nature of photography and electronic imaging from space. Apollo Soyuz Test Project by US - USSR joint effort Another space station experiment using R.S with a hand-held cameras. - demonstrated that trained crewmembers could obtain useful and sometimes unique earth resources data from visual observation and discretionary imaging.

17. 1970 - detectors that record thermal IR scanners created images electronically using solid state detectors cooled by liquid nitrogen. 1972 - Earth Resources Technology Satellite 1 (ERETS) was launched as the first US non-military satellite

18. ERTS 1 - was designed to collect information about the earth’s land resources. - renamed into Landsat 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5. Other satellites used 1. SPOT – France (panchromatic: 10x10m, XS: 20x20m) 2. NOAA-AVHR (weather) (1kmx1km) 3. MOS – Japan 4. IRS – I ndia 5. Microwaves RS

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