History of os.1

http://raj-os.blogspot.in/

1. 1
Subject : Operat ing Syst ems
Subject Code: CM 402
Topic: Basics of Operat ing Syst ems
Sub Topic: Hist ory of Operat ing Syst ems – Back Ground
Teaching Aids: PPT slides

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OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNIC DIPLOMA
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Objectives
•On completion of this period, you would be
able to know
•Generat ions of Comput ers
•Int roduct ion of an Operat ing Syst em

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Introduction
•The hist ory of operat ing syst em is linked wit h t he
history and development of various generations
of computer systems

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Generations Of Computers
•First Generat ion
•Second Generat ion
•Third Generat ion
•Fourt h Generat ion

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First Generation
(1945-1955)
•Technology : Vacuum Tubes
•Operat ing Syst em : Not present
•Language : Machine language

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Second Generation (1955-65)
•Technology : Transist ors
•Operat ing syst em : Present
•Language : Assembly and High level language

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Third Generation(1965-80)
•Technology : Integrated Circuits
•Operating Systems : Present
•Language : High level language

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Fourth Generation(1980-90)
•Technology : LSI
•Operating systems : Present
•Language : High level language

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Origin of Computers
•The design of first Digital Computer was
proposed by Charles Babbage (1732-1871)
–Father of Digital Computer
•Computer had a Mechanical Design
•It was slow and unreliable

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First Generation (1945 – 1955)
•Mechanical Components are
replaced by Electronic
Components (Vacuum Tubes)
•Programming was in Machine
Language
•Single user Machines and
unfriendly
•Slow and Unreliable
Vacuum Tubes

11. First Generation (1945 – 1955)
First Generation Computers

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Second Generation (1956 – 1963)
•Around 1955, Transistors were
introduced
•Cost and Size of a Computer is
reduced
•Operating systems were
designed
•Used assembly language
•Used FORTRAN and COBOL
as high level language
•Programmers job was simplified
Transistors
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Second Generation (1956 – 1963)
Second Generation Computers

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Third Generation (1964-1971)
•Large Scale Integrated Circuits
(LSIC’s) were introduced
•IC’s combined electronic components
onto a small silicon disc, made from
quartz
•Higher packing density, i.e. number of
components fabricated in an IC
•OS/360
•Operating systems allowed the
machines to run many different
applications
LSIC

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Third Generation (1964-1971)
Third Generation Computers

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Fourth Generation (1971-Present)
•Very large scale integrated circuits
•Continued miniaturization
•Billions of circuits for cubic foot
•Packing density has drastically increased
•Local Area Networks (LAN) and Wide Area Networks
(WAN), were potential benefits
•Internet and World Wide Web appeared on the
computer scene
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Fourth Generation (1971-Present)
VLSI LAN

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Summary
•Generations of Computers
•1
st
Generation – Vacuum Tubes, M/C language
•2
nd
Generation – Transistors, Assembly Language
•3
rd
Generation – IC’s, High Level Languages
•4
th
Generation – LSI, LAN, WAN, Internet and
WWW
•Operating System was introduced in 2
nd
Generation
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Frequently Asked Questions
1.Write about generations of Computers
2.What are the major changes in the technology?

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1.What is the electronic component used in
First generation?
a) Vacuum Tubes
b) Transistors
c) IC
d) LSI
QUIZ

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2. What is the technology used in 2
nd

Generation?
a.Vacuum tubes
b.Transistors
c.IC
d.LSI
QUIZ

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3. What is the technology used in 4
th
Generation?
a.Vacuum tubes
b.IC
c.Transistors
d.LSI
QUIZ

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QUIZ
4. In which generation, Operating System
was introduced?
a.First
b.Second
c.Third
d.Fourth
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