HIV PPT 267282673372738373277366338.pptx

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1. Understanding Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

2. Definition of HIV: A virus that attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells.

3. How HIV Works Mechanism: HIV infects and destroys CD4 cells, weakening the immune response. Stages of infection: Acute, clinical latency, and AIDS.

4. Transmission Methods Sexual contact: Unprotected sex with an infected person. Blood exposure: Sharing needles or transfusions with contaminated blood.
Mother to child: During childbirth or breastfeeding.

5. Symptoms of HIV Acute HIV infection: Flu-like symptoms (fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes). Chronic HIV: May be asymptomatic for year s AIDS symptoms: Severe weight loss, opportunistic infections, and cancers.

6. Diagnosis of HIV Testing methods: Antibody tests: Detect antibodies to HIV. Antigen tests: Detect the virus itself. Nucleic acid tests (NAT): Directly detect the virus.

7. Treatment Options Antiretroviral therapy (ART): Reduces viral load to undetectable levels. Types of medications: NRTIs, NNRTIs, PIs, integrase inhibitors. Importance of adherence to treatment.

8. Prevention Strategies Safe sex practices: Use of condoms. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): Medication for at-risk individuals. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP): Emergency treatment after potential exposure.

9. Global Impact and Statistics Current global statistics: Prevalence, deaths, and new infections. Regions most affected: Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia.

10. Stigma and Discrimination Impact of stigma: Mental health issues, delayed treatment. Addressing misconceptions: Importance of education and awareness.

11. T H A N K Y O U