Hollow Fiber

Academic Presentation!!

1. PRESENTING BY
MD. AHSANUL MOBIN
1721048
DEPT. OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING, KUET
PRESENTING TO
MONIRUZZAMAN
ASST. PROFESSOR
DEPT. OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING, KUET

2. TELIGATI WATER IS BADLY IN NEED OF
ULTRAFILTRATION!!
SO, WHAT IS THE SOLUTION??
INDIVIDUAL REFLECTION 2

3. HOLLOW FIBER OVERVIEW 3

4. 4
HOLLOW FIBER
FUNDAMENTALS

5. •THEPRACTICAL EQUIPMENT WHERE THEACTUAL MEMBRANE -
BASEDSEPARATION OCCURS ISKNOWN ASMEMBRANE MODULES.
•INORDERTOAPPLYMEMBRANES ONATECHNICAL SCALE,LARGE
MEMBRANE AREASAREREQUIRED.
FUNDAMENTALS 5
MEMBRANE MODULE
CROSS SECTION OF HOLLOW FIBER

6. •HOLLOW FIBERMEMBRANES (HFMS)AREACLASS OFARTIFICIAL
MEMBRANES CONTAINING ASEMI-PERMEABLE BARRIERINTHEFORMOF
AHOLLOW FIBER.
•EACHFILAMENTISVERYNARROW INDIAMETER ANDVERYFLEXIBLE.
•DIMENSIONS :50MMINTERNAL DIAMETER AND100TO200MMOUTER
DIAMETER.
FUNDAMENTALS 6
HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE
CROSS SECTION OF HOLLOW FIBER

7. MEMBRANE FILTERSOR"MEMBRANES" AREMICROPOROUS PLASTICFILMSWITHSPECIFICPORESIZERATINGS.
ALSO KNOWN ASSCREEN, SIEVE,ORMICROPOROUS FILTERS.MEMBRANES RETAIN PARTICLES OR
MICROORGANISMS LARGENTHANTHEIRPORESIZEPRIMARILY BYSURFACE CAPTURE.
FUNDAMENTALS 7
WHAT IS MEMBRANE FILTERS?

8. FUNDAMENTALS 8
MAIN INGREDIENTS
CELLULOSE ACETATEANDCUPRAMMONIUM RAYON ARETHEWIDELYUSEDCELLULOSE-BASEDHOLLOW FIBERS,
WHILE SYNTHETIC HOLLOW FIBERS ARE OFTEN MADE FROM POLYSULFONE ,POLYAMIDE ,AND
POLYACRYLONITRILE .
POLYAMIDE
CELLULOSE ACETATE
POLYACRYLONITRILE
POLYSULFONE

9. 9
FIBER FORMATION

10. FIBER FORMATION 10
SCHEMATIC PROCESS CELLULOSE HOLLOW
FIBERS BY WET SPINNING PROCESS
AT FIRST SOLID POLYMER AND THE SUITABLE SOLVENT IS
DISSOLVED IN A SOLUTION VESSEL.
↓
THE SOLUTION IS THEN HEATED IN THE HEAT EXCHANGER.
↓
THE SOLUTION IS PASSED/EXTRUDED TO THE SPINNERET
WHICH IS IMMERSED IN A COAGULATION BATH/SPIN BATH
BY THE PUMP.
↓
THE POLYMER IS CHEMICALLY REGENERATED AND IT IS
CONVERTED INTO THE FILAMENT OF SOLID FORM.
↓
THE FILAMENT IS CONVERGED AND WOUND ON THE
BOBBIN.
↓
THE WENDED FILAMENT IS THEN DRAWN AND FINALLY, IT
IS WASHED & DRIED AND IS ALSO WOUND ON A SUITABLE
PACKAGE.
↓
DELIVERY

11. 11
CLASSIFICATION

12. CLASSIFICATION 12
BASED ON STRUCTURE
MAINLY TWO TYPES OF MEMBRANE CONFIGURATION ARE THERE:
•FLAT
•TUBULAR
PLATE-AND-FRAME AND SPIRAL WOUNDS INVOLVE FLAT MEMBRANES.
TUBULAR AND HOLLOW FIBER ARE BASED ON TUBULAR MEMBRANE CONFIGURATION.

13. CLASSIFICATION 13
BASED ON FUNCTIONING
•SELF-CONTAINED TYPE:
THE MOST COMMON MODULE TYPE FOR UF AND MEMBRANES IS THE SELF -CONTAINED (OR HOUSED)
MEMBRANE MODULE WHERE FEED WATER IS PUMPED THROUGH THE HOUSING. ALL FEED,
CONCENTRATE, AND FILTRATE PIPING CONNECTIONS ARE INTEGRAL TO THE MODULE.
2. OPEN IMMERSION TYPE:
THE OPEN IMMERSION -TYPE MODULES ARE PLACED INTO THE FEED WATER TANK WITH THE MEMBRANE
EXPOSED.

14. 14
MODULE STRUCTURE

15. MODULE STRUCTURE 15
SHELL SIDE FEED DESIGN
•IN THE SHELL-SIDE FEED DESIGN, A LOOP OR CLOSED
BUNDLE OF FIBERS IS CONTAINED IN A PRESSURE
VESSEL.
•THE SYSTEM IS PRESSURIZED FROM THE SHELL SIDE,
AND THE PERMEATE PASSES THROUGH THE FIBER WALL
AND EXITS THROUGH THE OPEN FIBER ENDS.
•BECAUSE THE FIBER WALL MUST SUPPORT
CONSIDERABLE HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, THE FIBERS
USUALLY HAVE SMALL DIAMETERS AND THICK WALLS.

16. MODULE STRUCTURE 16
BORE SIDE FEED DESIGN
•IN THE BORE-SIDE FEED DESIGN, THE FIBERS ARE OPEN AT BOTH ENDS AND THE FEED IS CIRCULATED
THROUGH THE BORE (ANNULUS AREA) OF THE FIBERS.
•TO MINIMIZE PRESSURE, DROP INSIDE THE FIBERS, THE DIAMETER IS USUALLY LARGER THAN THOSE
OF THE FINE FIBERS USED IN THE SHELL -SIDE FEED DESIGN.

17. 17
REGENERATION

18. REGENERATION 18
AIR SCOURING
•THE INJECTION OF AIR CAUSES HIGH TURBULENCE ON THE FIBERS LEADING TO THE REMOVAL OF
SOLIDS FROM THE MEMBRANE SURFACE.
•THUS THE CAKE LAYER IS REMOVED FROM THE FIBERS.
•WATER ENTERS THROUGH THE FEED INLET AND LEAVES THROUGH THE REJECT OUTLET.
•THUS THE SOLID PARTICLES ARE TAKEN AWAY WITH IT REGENERATING THE MEMBRANE MODULE.
•PERMEATE ENTERS THROUGH THE PERMEATE OUTLET AND LEAVES THROUGH THE REJECT OUTLET.
•THUS THE SOLID PARTICLES ARE TAKEN AWAY WITH IT REGENERATING THE MEMBRANE MODULE.
•THE LOSS OF PERMEATE DURING BACKFLUSHING IS VERY LOW AND HARDLY AFFECTS THE NET
PERMEATE FLOW.
FORWARD FLUSH
BACK FLUSH

19. REGENERATION 19
ELECTRIC FIELD
•BY APPLYING AN ELECTRIC FIELD ACROSS A MEMBRANE, CHARGED PARTICLES OR MOLECULES WILL
MIGRATE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD.
•ELECTRICAL CLEANING CAN BE APPLIED WITHOUT INTERRUPTING THE PROCESS AND THE ELECTRIC
FIELD IS APPLIED AT CERTAIN TIME INTERVALS
•THE SIMULTANEOUS COMBINATION OF BACKFLUSH AND AIR SCOURING
BACKFLUSH WITH AIR SCOURING

20. 20
BENEFITS & APPLICATION

21. •HOLD-UP VOLUME OF THE HOLLOW FIBER MODULE IS THE HIGHEST , FOLLOWED BY PLATE
AND FRAME, SPIRAL WOUND, TUBULAR, AND ROTATING DISC/CYLINDER MODULE.
•THE SINGLE GREATEST ADVANTAGE OF HOLLOW -FIBER MODULES IS THE ABILITY TO PACK A
VERY LARGE MEMBRANE AREA INTO A SINGLE MODULE .
•FOR EXAMPLE, IN 8 -INCH DIAMETER, 40 -INCH LONG SPIRAL -WOUND MODULE WOULD
CONTAIN ABOUT 20 -40 METER SQUARE OF MEMBRANE AREA. THE EQUIVALENT HOLLOW -
FIBER MODULE FILLED WITH FIBERS OF 100 -MM DIAMETER, WILL CONTAIN APPROXIMATELY
600 M2 OF MEMBRANE AREA.
•THE INVESTMENT IS LOW .
BENEFITS & APPLICATION 21
MAIN ADVANTAGES

22. •HOLLOW FIBERMODULES AREVERYSUSCEPTIBLE TOFOULING AND
AREDIFFICULTTOCLEAN
•PRETREATMENT OFTHEFEEDSTREAM ISMOST IMPORTANT IN
HOLLOW FIBERSYSTEMS
•AFIBERINNER DIAMETER VARIATION LEADS TOAFLOW RATE
VARIATION THAT CAN DRAMATICALLY REDUCE MODULE
PERFORMANCE
BENEFITS & APPLICATION 22
DISADVANTAGES

23. •WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS
•DRINKING WATER TREATMENT PROCESS
•HOLLOW FIBERDIALYSER
•MEMBRANE OXYGENATOR
•ARTIFICIALLUNGS
•ARTIFICIALKIDNEY
•PERVAPORATION OFLIQUIDS
•GASSEPERATION .
BENEFITS & APPLICATION 23
APPLICATION

24. 24

25. 25
RESOURCES

26. RESOURCES 26
•HOLLOW FIBRE -AN OVERVIEW | SCIENCEDIRECT TOPICS
•HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANES | SCIENCEDIRECT
•CARBON HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANES FOR A MOLECULAR SIEVE WITH
PRECISE-CUTOFF ULTRAMICROPORES FOR SUPERIOR HYDROGEN
SEPARATION | NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
•HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANES (SYNDERFILTRATION.COM)
•HOLLOW FIBRE ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM -YOUTUBE
•CERAMIC HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE FILTRATION -YOUTUBE