How the-internet-works

This presentation is about features and various uses of Internet. It details out how the Internet works.

1. Internet
HOW DOES IT WORK
Presentation By
SIYONA KAUL
X C

2. INDEX
•The Internet
•Internet and its Use
•How the Internet Works
•Major Features of the Internet

3. The Internet
•TheInternetisaworldwidecollectionofcomputernetworks,cooperatingwith
eachothertoexchangedatausingacommonsoftwarestandard.
•TheInternetuseshigh-speeddatalines,calledbackbones,tocarrydata.
Smallernetworksconnecttothebackbone,enablinganyuseronanynetwork
toexchangedatawithanyotheruser.
•TheInternetwascreatedbytheAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(ARPA)
andtheU.S.DepartmentofDefenseforscientificandmilitary
communications.

5. The Internet and its use
•Internetallowstheusersto
•Connecteasilythroughpersonalcomputers,mobilephonesandsmartTV
•Exchangeelectronicemailwithallthosewhohaveaccountsonthe
internet
•Postsinformationforotherstoaccessandupdatesitfrequently
•Accessmultimediainformationthatincludestext,photo,music,videoetc
•Accessdiverseperspectivesfromaroundtheworld

6. How the Internet Works
•TCP/IP
•EverycomputerandnetworkontheInternetusesthesameprotocols
(rulesandprocedures)tocontroltiminganddataformat.
•TheprotocolusedbytheInternetistheTransmissionControl
Protocol/InternetProtocol,orTCP/IP.
•NomatterwhattypeofcomputersystemyouconnecttotheInternet,if
itusesTCP/IP,itcanexchangedatawithanyothertypeofcomputer.

7. How the Internet Works
•Routing Traffic Across the Internet
•Most computers don't connect directly to the Internet. Instead, they connect to
a smaller network that is connected to the Internet backbone.
•TheInternetincludesthousandsofhostcomputers(servers),whichprovide
dataandservicesasrequestedbyclientsystems.
•WhenyouusetheInternet,yourPCrequestsdatafromahostsystem.The
requestanddataarebrokenintopacketsandtravelacrossmultiplenetworks
beforebeingreassembledattheirdestination.

9. How the Internet Works
•Addressing Schemes
•InordertocommunicateacrosstheInternet,acomputermusthavea
uniqueaddress.
•EverycomputerontheInternethasauniquenumericidentifier,calledan
InternetProtocol(IP)address.
•EachIPaddresshasfourparts
•Internetaddressesareintheformnnn.nnn.nnn.nnnwherennnisa
numberfrom0-255.ThisaddressisknownasanIPaddress.(IPstands
forInternetProtocol;moreonthislater.)
•Witheachpartanumberbetween0and255,anIPaddressmightlook
likethis:205.46.117.104.

10. How the Internet Works
•Addressing Schemes
IfyouconnecttotheInternetthroughanInternetServiceProvider(ISP),youare
usuallyassignedatemporaryIPaddressforthedurationofyourdial-insession.If
youconnecttotheInternetfromalocalareanetwork(LAN)yourcomputermight
haveapermanentIPaddressoritmightobtainatemporaryonefromaDHCP
(DynamicHostConfigurationProtocol)server.Inanycase,ifyouareconnectedto
theInternet,yourcomputerhasauniqueIPaddress.

11. How the Internet Works
•Domains and Sub Domains
•In addition to an IP address, most Internet hosts or servers have a
Domain Name System (DNS) address, which uses words.
•A domain name identifies the type of institution that owns the
computer. An Internet server owned
by IBM might have the domain name
ibm.com.
•Some enterprises have multiple
servers, and identify them with
subdomains, such as
products.ibm.com.

12. Major Features of Internet
•The World Wide Web
•The World Wide Web supports hypertext documents, allows users to view
and navigate different types of data.
•A Web page is a document encoded with hypertext markup language (HTML)
tags. HTML allows designers to link content together via hyperlinks. Every
Web page has an address, a Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
•E-Mail
•An account on the Internet mail server with a domain name and an email
program helps create, send, and receive e-mail messages
•To use e-mail, a user must have an e-mail address, which you create by adding
your user name to the e-mail server's domain name, as in [email protected].

13. Major Features of Internet
•News
•Telnet
•File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
•Internet Relay Chat (IRC)

14. Acknowledgement
•https://web.stanford.edu/class/msande91si/www-
spr04/readings/week1/InternetWhitepaper.htm
•https://simple.m.wikipedia.org › wiki › Internet
•https://www.edn.com › electronics-news › Top-10-uses-
of-the-Internet