How to write a research paper for academic student

A research paper is a scholarly document that presents an in-depth study and analysis of a specific topic, contributing new insights or findings to the existing body of knowledge. The structure of a research paper typically includes several key components: an abstract, which provides a concise summary of the research; an introduction, which outlines the research question, objectives, and significance; a literature review, which surveys relevant existing research and establishes the context for the study; a methodology section, detailing the research design, data collection, and analysis methods; results, where the findings of the research are presented; a discussion, which interprets the results, explores their implications, and suggests potential areas for further study; and a conclusion, which summarizes the key points and reinforces the importance of the research. Proper structuring ensures clarity, logical flow, and the effective communication of the researcher's work to the academic community.





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2. Structure of a Research Paper
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3. Whywriteapaper?Questionstoaskyourself
•What is the most important achievement of your research?
•Who should know about your research?
•What is the one most important contribution that you are making?
(To the subject, you are researching)
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4. Essentialsofaresearchpaper
•Title –captures the essence of the entire paper
•Abstract –the gist of the paper
•Introduction –what is the aim of the paper and what it is trying to achieve
•Method used (Methodology) –what was done and how it was done
•Results (Tabulated) –explaining what was achieved
•Results (Text) –explaining the tabulation
•Discussion –provide counter points to the results and or highlight issues
•Conclusion –what was finally derived
•Acknowledgments -recognize the work of everyone who participated
•References(including citations)
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5. Understandingsectionsofthepaper
•Title–must capture what is processed and less about what is achieved
•Introduction –
•Set the tone –describe the landscape
•Highlight up to 3 important issues within the landscape
•Focus on the one your paper is about
•Methodology –easy to understand (structure)
•Describe what is done in detail but in as few words as possible (experiment –try to describe
how one buttons a shirt or zips up a jacket)
•Provide context that helps readers globally understand your work
•Note: reviewers sometimes struggle to understand what you are trying to
achieve
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6. •Results –state clearly what has been achieved
•Provide data in a simple manner (tabulated)
•Note: match text and data accurately!!!
•Ensure figures, tables are numbered
•Understanding figures and tables –
•How many tables and figures do you need? Depends on your data
•No rule of too many or too little
•Each table cell MUST be populated. Columns must be consistent with data and your aim
•Provide a summary of the achievements (longer than stating the results)
•Details of achievements –ensure the flow is consistent with your original aim(s)
•Important achievements come first followed by secondary and tertiary ones
•Too often tables are not linked to objects or achievements (often inserted as
‘ornaments’)
Understandingsectionsofthepaper
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7. •Discussion –why is it important?
•This section is generally longer than the introduction
•Contextualize your achievements by referring to literature (in detail)
•Important sections of the discussion–a general guide (not an absolute prescription)
•Begin with revisiting aims and then achievements meeting the aims. Be brief but don’t
miss details
•Highlight key achievements to literature (identify gaps if any)
•Expand on practical implications of the research and the achievements
•Acknowledge any limitations (to your research and achievements)
•Propose or identify future research that could be taken up from your research
Understandingsectionsofthepaper
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8. •Citations and References –
•Recheck every single one you have mentioned in the paper (citations)
•Record every reference you have used
•Important points when using URLs
•Remember URLs change often
•Best way to record URLs is to state when you last accessed them (provide date in
DD/MM/YY format along with time in HOURS and identify your time zone)
•Good practice is to access all URLs just before submitting and recording ONE
day, time and time zone for all of them.
Understandingsectionsofthepaper
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9. Submittingtoajournal
•Read Aims and Scope of the journal
•Read a few published articles or abstracts of articles to understand -
•What type of articles journal publishes
•The type of details they look for in articles
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10. An Indian Open Access Journal Platform for Research Dissemination
•Review Submission Guidelinespay special attention to
•Means of submission –many journals are ONLINE SUBMISSION only
•Format of document to submit –most only accept .doc, .rtf and .docx formats
•Don’t submit PDFs –why?
•Understand how citations and references need to be formatted
•Tables, Figures are complex data –many journals have specific requirements
on how they must be uploaded
•Ensure author(s) name(s) is correctly written along with credentials in the
prescribed format
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11. •Letter to the Editor –where asked for
•Ensure written as simply as possible
•Must contain sufficient detail of author(s) and their credentials
•Give one or max two reasons why the article is suited for the journal
•Align with an aim and or scope of the journal
•Don’t write too many details of your article
•Don’t copy and paste the abstract of your article
Submittingtoajournal
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12. Re-submittingthearticle
Assuming same article is being submitted to the same journal AFTER a rejection or AMENDMENT
request
•If resubmitting AFTER a REJECTION
•Align with an aim and or scope of the journal
•If submitting AFTER a REQUEST FOR MODIFICATIONS
•Align with an aim and or scope of the journal
•Align with an aim and or scope of the journal
•Highlight that this is a resubmission
•Ensure EVERY modification is stated verbatim and you clearly outline what
has been done to address the issue
•Explain why you now feel the editor should consider the article
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