How to write a research proposal Pretty.pptx

Basic ideas on how to frame a research proposal.

1. Workshop on Research Methodology, Biostatistics and Critical Appraisal of Journal Articles WRITING A RESEARCH PROPOSAL Dr. PRETTY VENIS MBBS, MD (Community Medicine), MBA, PGDFM, PGDMLE Senior resident, Department of Community Medicine

2. What is a Research Proposal? It is the systematic plan which brings to focus the preliminary planning that will be needed to accomplish the purpose of the proposed study. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 2

3. How to select a Research topic? F- Feasible I- Interesting N- Novel E- Ethical R- Relevant “FINER” 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 3

4. Cover page A cover page should contain the Title of the proposal, Name and affiliation of the researcher (principal investigator) and co-investigators, Institutional affiliation, details of contact such as phone numbers, E-mail id’s and signatures of investigators. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 4

5. Contents of a Research Proposal 1.1 Project title 1.2 Project summary/ Abstract Project description 2.1 Introduction/ Background 2.2 Rationale/ Novelty Review of literature Objectives Methodology 5.1 Research design 5.2 Research subjects 5.3 Research area 5.4 Duration of the study 5.5 Sample size & Sampling technique 5.6 Data collection 5.7 Data analysis 30/1/2024 5

6. Contents of a Research Proposal (contd..) Ethical considerations 6.1 Informed consent form Expected outcome Budget Limitations References Citations & Annexures 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 6

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8. 1.1 Project title Study problem Study population Study area Study period Study design 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 8

9. 1.2 Project summary/ Abstract Background: Aim of the study: Materials & Methods: Expected outcome & benefits: 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 9

10. 2.1 Introduction/ Background Initial pitch of an idea Sets the scene and puts the research in context What do we already know about the topic or any gap in knowledge ? What has not been answered adequately in previous research and practice? How will this research add to knowledge, practice and policy in this area? Research Question 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 10

11. Introduction (contd..) 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 11

12. 2.2 Rationale/ Justification Relevance Specifies the reasons for conducting the research in the light of current knowledge 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 12

13. 2.3 Defining the research question 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 13

14. 3. Review of literature Placing the research question in the context of existing knowledge It is preferable to summarise each article in a paragraph, highlighting the details pertinent to the topic of interest; Literature should include supporting data, disagreements and controversies. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 14

15. 15 5 C’s in developing an acceptable Literature Review CITE Keep the primary focus on the literature being reviewed. COMPARE What arguments, theories, methodologies, conclusions do authors agree on. CONTRAST What are the major areas of disagreement, controversy and debates expressed by the authors in the literature. CRITIQUE Question the arguments, approaches, findings, methodologies elaborated in the literature. CONNECT How does your research question relate to the information present in the literature.

16. 4. Research Aim & objectives Research Aim Answer to the research question. Specifies WHAT needs to be studied. ONE research aim Research Objective Divide research aim into several parts and address each part separately Comprise a no. of steps that address HOW research aim will be achieved SEVERAL research objectives to facilitate the achievement of this aim 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 16

17. Research objective 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 17

18. 5. Methodology 5.1 Research design 5.2 Research subjects/ participants 5.3 Research area 5.4 Research duration 5.5 Sample size & Sampling technique 5.6 Data collection 5.7 Data analysis 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 18

19. 5.1 Research design Study design 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 19

20. 5.2 Research subjects/ participants Description of study population. Criteria for inclusion/ selection? Criteria for exclusion? How to define the population, cases and control? Operational definitions If intervention studies, how will subjects be allocated to index and comparison groups? 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 20

21. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 21 Study participants

22. 5.3 Research area Study area 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 22

23. 5.4 Duration of study Study duration 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 23

24. 5.5 Sample size and Sampling Information and justification of sample size. Describe the sampling technique used. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 24

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26. 5.6 Data collection Study tool- Interviews/ questionnaires- description with reference and justification; copies attached as annexure Data collection- Who? How? How often? 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 26

27. 5.7 Data analysis Information on available computer facility/ software used Statistical methods used for analysis of data 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 27

28. Tentative timeline Specify the time that each phase of the project is likely to take along with a detailed month by month timeline for each activity. Gantt chart can be used to give timeline of the project. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 28

29. SI NO ACTIVITIES O C T 2 2 3 N O V 2 2 3 D E C 2 2 3 J A N 2 2 4 F E B 2 2 4 M A R 2 2 4 A P R 2 2 4 M A Y 2 2 4 J U N 2 2 4 J U L 2 2 4 A U G 2 2 4 S E P 2 2 4 O C T 2 2 4 N O V 2 2 4 D E C 2 2 4 J A N 2 2 5 F E B 2 2 5 M A R 2 2 5 A P R 2 2 5 M A Y 2 2 5 J U N 2 2 5 J U L 2 2 5 A U G 2 2 5 S E P 2 2 5 O C T 2 2 5 N O V 2 2 5 D E C 2 2 5 J A N 2 2 6 F E B 2 2 6 M A R 2 2 6 1 TOPIC SELECTION                                                             2 PREPARATION OF PROPOSAL                                                             3 IEC APPROVAL                                                             4 PILOT STUDY                                                             5 REVIEW OF LITERATURE                                                             6 DATA COLLECTION                                                             7 DATA ANALYSIS                                                             8 THESIS WRITEUP                                                             9 SUBMISSION OF THESIS                                                            

30. 6.Ethical considerations Ethical considerations refer to the protection of the participants’ rights, obtaining informed consent and the institutional review process (ethical approval). Document the issues likely to raise ethical concerns. Describe how the investigator(s) plan to obtain informed consent from research participants. How and from whom ethics approval will be taken? 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 30

31. Problems anticipated Discuss difficulties anticipated in successful completion of project and offer possible solutions to deal with these Follow up study- drop out after enrolment, any adverse effect etc. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 31

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33. Collaboration When a research activity entails cooperation between 2 groups in the same organization or different organizations Scope and duration of cooperation must be mentioned 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 33

34. 7. Budget Predict and cost all aspects of the research Add an additional allowance for unpredictable disasters, delays and rising costs. All items in the budget should be justified 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 34

35. 8. Expected outcomes How the study will contribute to the advancement of knowledge? How the results will be utilized? How will they likely affect health care, health systems or health policies? 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 35

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40. Limitations 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 40

41. 9. Reference References- All sources referred and cited Bibliography- All sources referred to but not necessarily cited in the proposal. Most commonly recommended styles are Vancouver and APA. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 41

42. Appendices/ Annexure Documents that support the proposal and application Supporting documents (Area map, photos, etc.) Questionnaires/ Measurement tools IEC Certificate Patient information of the study in layman’s language Informed consent form Gantt chart 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 42

43. Common mistakes in proposal writing Failure to provide proper context. No clear explanation of scope of study. Failing to cite landmark studies and influential journal articles. Failure to stay focused on research objectives. Lack of development of a coherent and persuasive argument for the proposed research. 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 43

44. Common mistakes (contd..) Critical evaluation of cited papers is inadequate/ insufficient. Too much detail on minor issues but not enough on major issues Lack of clear sense of direction. Incorrect references. Failing to follow a particular referencing style. Plagiarism 30/1/2024 SMMCHRI - Community Medicine Workshop - Research Methodology 44

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