human design by biomechatronic approach Manju ppt.ppt

human design by biomechatronic approach

1. On
“HUMAN ARM DESIGN BY
BIOMECHATRONICS APPROACH”
By.
Manjunath K
8
th
sem, Mech.Engg
Under the guidance of
Mr.Mujeebullakhan.G.B.E,MTech .
Dept. Mech.Engg

2. Biomechatronics is the merging of man with machine --. It is
an interdisciplinary field encompassing biology,
neurosciences, mechanics, electronics and robotics.
Biomechatronic scientists attempt to make devices that
interact with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems
with the goals of assisting or enhancing human motor
control that can be lost or impaired by trauma, disease or
birth defects Universities and research centers worldwide
have taken notice of biomechatronics in light of its potential
for development of advanced medical devices and life-
support systems.

3. Systems for sensory substitution
Neural interfaces systems
Intelligent prosthetics
Bioartificial organ systems

4. Biosensors
 Actuator
Controller
Mechanical Sensors

5. IMPORTANCE OF BIOMECHATRONICS
The use of biomechatronics prosthetic
devices rather than conventional prosthetic
devices is that, while many new prosthetic
devices use microelectronics and robotic
components, they cannot accurately
emulate the complex motions of human
limbs. Current prosthetic devices do not
feedback to people or adjust to variable
loads or complex terrains. They do not
adjust on a moment-to-moment basis to
the individual wearer. Biomechatronic
devices promise to overcome these
limitations by interfacing directly with the
wearer's muscle and nervous systems to
restore motor control.

6. CONVENTIONAL PROSTHETIC ARM
The basic specifications of the
wearable artificial hand
described here are:
 Natural grasping capability.
 Natural appearance (in
prosthetics this is called
cosmetic appearance).
 Secure grasping and sensory
feedback
 Natural” command interface.

7. MOTIVATION FOR A BIOMECHATRONIC APPROACH
conventional approach to prosthetic hand
design can be represented as the loop
described In fig A
The approach proposed (fig B) is to invert the
loop by using smaller actuators, addressing
the objective of increasing DOFs.
Fig A
Fig B

8. DESIGN OF THE BIOMECHATRONIC HAND
Fig 7.1Aarchitecture of Biomechatronic hand
Biomechatronic design
The main requirements to be considered since the very beginning of an artificial hand
design are the following:
Natural appearance, controllability, noiselessness, lightness and low energy
consumption. These requirements can be fulfilled by implementing an integrated design
approach aimed at embedding different functions (mechanisms, actuation, sensing and
control) within a housing closely replicating the shape, size and appearance of the human
hand. This approach can be synthesized by the term: “biomechatronic” design.
 Architecture of the biomechatronic
hand

9.  Design of the hand prototype
 Kinematics architecture
 Index/middle finger design
 Thumb design

10. Sectional View of Biomechatronic Hand
Fig. Different positions of finger joints for each task.

11. A first prototype of the hand has been developed incorporating two fingers and
thumb. In fact, at least three hard-fingers (non-rolling, and non-sliding contact) are
necessary to completely restrain an object.
The assembling process allows the hand prototype to perform two grasping tasks
1. Cylindrical grasp
2. Tripod pinch grasp

12. Several laboratories around the world conduct research in
biomechatronics. Current research focuses on three main areas:
Analyze human motions, which are complex, to aid in the
design of biomechatronic devices.
Study how electronic devices can be interfaced with the
nervous system (implantable electrodes in brain and muscle,
surface galvanic electrodes on skin).
Test ways of using living muscle tissue as actuators for
electronic devices.

13. Advantages:
 High dexterity (16 degree of freedoms).
 High sensory feedback with the aid of tactile sensors.
 The movements of the hand are controlled by mind.
 The weight of the prosthetic hand is considerably low in the
range of 700gm.
 Available in various sizes to suit various patients.
 No need of operations is nullified with the aid of Myo-
electric prosthetic hand as the electrodes clamp on to the forearm
externally.
 Artificial skin on the cybernetic hand gives it a more
realistic look.

14. Disadvantages :
 Quite expensive.
 Available in only few countries in the world.

15. Biomechatronic hand is the advancement which aids in interfacing man
with machine. It can be wearable by the user which means that it can be
perceived as part of the natural body and should replicate sensory-motor
capabilities of the natural hand. However, such an ideal bionic prosthesis was
far from reality. Although most amputees consider this performance as
acceptable for usual tasks, there is enough room for improvement by
exploiting recent progresses in mechatronics design and technology. This
approach can be synthesized by the term “biomechatronic design”, which
means developing mechatronic systems inspired by biological world.

16. Thank you…..