Human impact on ecosystem

Human impact on ecosystem

1. Human Impact on Ecosystem Presented by- Jyoti Saroj Department.- Fisheries Resource Management College of Fisheries, Veraval

2. Introduction Human survival depends on the health of the ecosystem. Human harm the environment by causing global warming, habitat destruction and acid deposition. 90% depleted marine species Water pollution is devastating to people, animals, fishes and birds.

3. Ecosystem Includes all biotic and abiotic factors in one particular environment Biotic Factors Abiotic Factors the living parts of an ecosystem the non-living parts of an ecosystem

4. Impact of Nutrient(Inorganic) Pollution Causes- Eutrophication - Excess nutrient (Nitrogen and Phosphorus) stimulate algal growth Source- surface runoff from fields Sewage -treatment plants cooling water in electricity

5. Impact of Organic Pollution Causes- Excess of organic manure and sewage in water Depletion of oxygen Source- Domestic sewage Industrial effluent Farm waters

6. Impact of Oil Pollution Mostly Affected Aquatic animals- Fish And aquatic Birds Source- Oil spills Normal operation of tankers Coastal refineries River runoff Urban runoff and sewage

7. Oil Spill in Mumbai

8. Impact of Thermal Pollution Three major Causes of thermal pollution- Use of water as a cooling agent Soil erosion Run-off from hot-paved surface Thermal pollution can lead to a decrease in dissolved oxygen level in the water while increasing the biological demand of aquatic organisms for oxygen.

9. Impact of Radioactive Pollution Sources of radioactive pollution- Nuclear power plants Medical waste Mining of radioactive ore Radioactive pollution can be a very dangerous thing because radiation mutates DNA, causing abnormal growth and possibly cancer.

10. Human Activity by Fishing Practices Destructive Fishing practices- Poison fishing Explosive fishing

11. E ffect of destructive fishing practices- Destroy habitat Inhibits the growth of new corals Reduces fish stocks Loss of fishery jobs & income Loss of lives Loss of coastal protection and tourism

12. Human Impact on Coral Reef Coral mining, pollution, over fishing, blast fishing and the digging of canals are serious threats to these ecosystems . Approximately 10% world’s coral reefs are already dead. About 60% of the world’s coral reef are at risk .

13. Impact of Global Warming on Sea It is caused by the influx of human industry and agriculture. G reenhouse gases such as CO 2 and methane are responsible for Global Warming in Sea. Physical effects of ocean warming on marine populations:   Changes in natural habitats and food supply Changing ocean chemistry/acidification

14. Ocean Acidification It is caused by CO 2 . 30-40% of the CO 2 released by humans Ocean acidification is a worldwide issue, it is more soluble in colder water

15. Impact of Sewage on Fish Highly adversely affected fish and other aquatic life . Excess organic matter reduce the dissolved oxygen content, a dding stress to aquatic organisms and resulting in their death. Fish mortality is the most obvious indication of adverse effects of sewage.

16. Impact of Overfishing Overfishing occur when fish and other marine species are caught at a faster rate than they can reproduce. It has destroyed many of the traditional fishing industries of the world. Over fishing impacts not only the natural balance and health of our ocean but has also resulted in great financial loss.

17. Protection The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created in 1970. Legislation helps to protect the environment and endangered species. Clean Air Act Clean Water Act Endangered Species Act There are several ways that people can help protect the environment. Control population growth Develop sustainable technology and practices Protect and maintain ecosystems

18. Conclusion Human survival and well-being totally depend on the ecosystem. Human activities can be direct threats to ecosystems. They cause destruction, degradation, and the impairment of biodiversity. Human activities affect marine life as a result of pollution, overfishing, the introduction of invasive species, and acidification . All marine pollution has the potential to seriously damage marine habitats and life in the sea. Various laws and policies are created to protect our ecosystem.

19. Reference- Dr . S. Ayyappan.; Handbook of Fisheries and Aquaculture; page no. ( 822-842) WWW.wikipedia.com   Narasimha Moger .; KVAFSU, College of Fisheries, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, “Human Impact on Marine Ecosystem .” Holly Blazewicz & Joy Hurtault & Jason Hedlund .; “Human effects on ecosystems” Kleypas , Joan A.; (June 2006). "Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Coral Reefs and Other Marine Calcifiers : A Guide for Future Research". Coral reefs around the world Guardian.co.uk, 2 September 2009   

20. www.googleimage.com   Mr. Garside.; Mr. Jones.; Mr. Schumacher.; Mr. Wilcox “Human Impact on Ecosystems” (2008 McDougal Littell )   "Oil Spills and Disasters". Retrieved 2008-11-16 .   www.nass.gov   James W. Nybakken .; page no.(418-445) Marine biology An Ecologycal Approach (forth edition)

21. Thank You