Hydraulic ram

A ppt on hydraulic ram

1. HYDRAULIC RAM A self-acting cyclic water pump powered by hydropower

2. Pusa institute of technology DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SUB.- FLUID MECHANICS &MECHANICS CONCERN FACLITY: Mr. MANOJ KUMAR SINGH PREPARED BY SUBHASH KUMAR (1508131117)

3. OUTLINE Introduction. History. Constructional details. Working. Efficiency. Advantages and Disadvantages. Application Conclusion

4. introduction What is hydraulic ram………? A hydraulic ram is a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower. Its function as a hydraulic transformer. It is a device which raises small quantity of water without any external power to higher level from large quantity of water available at lower level. It works on the principal of water hammer or inertia force of water in a pipe line.

5. History The hydraulic ram is a very old, and well-proven, technology for lifting water. The first self-acting ram pump was invented by the French Joseph Montgolfier in 1796 for raising water in his paper mill (Montgolfier is more popularly known for his wok in hot- air balloons)

6. Constructional details The main part of hydraulic ram are listed below: a) Supply tank b)Supply pipe c)Valve chamber d)Waste valve e)Delivery valve f)Air vessel g)Delivery pipe h)Delivery tank

7. diagram

8. working Hydraulic ram works on the principal of water hammer as when a flowing water is suddenly brought to rest the change in momentum of water masses causes a sudden rise in pressure. This rise in pressure is utilizes to raise a small quantity of water to higher level. Initially, the waste valve is open and delivery valve is closed. The water from supply tank start to flow under the force of gravity and picks up speed and kinetic energy until it forces the waste valve closed. The momentum of the water flow in supply pipe against now closed waste valve causes a water hammer that raises the pressure in chamber. The high pressure of water opens the delivery valve and water enters into the air vessel which further compresses the air already preset in the air vessel.

9. The pressure in the air vessel raises which closes the delivery valve ,now water from air vessel is forced to flow through delivery pipe. Under this condition waste valve and delivery valve both remains closed Slowly pressure in the valve chamber falls and waste valve again opens allowing the water to flow through it. Now, under this condition, flow through the supply pipe begins again producing water hammer in the valve chamber. The cycle is repeated.

10. process

11. efficiency Hydraulic ram has two types of efficiencies namely D’ Aubuisson’s efficiency and Rankine’s efficiency. D’ Aubuisson’s efficiency: Let, Q = discharge from supply tank to valve chamber q = discharge from valve chamber to delivery tank H = height of water in delivery tank raised above the chamber. h = height of water in the supply tank above chamber (supply head) since, Energy supplied to/by the ram per second = weight of water supplied per second to chamber × height of fall or rised So, energy supplied from the supply tank = ρQg.h = ωQh ( ⸪ m = ρQ and W=mg= ρQg )

12. Energy delivered to delivery tank= ρqg.H = ωqH Efficiency of ram, η = = = 2. Rankine ’ s efficiency: If the water level in the supply tank is taken as datum. Then the actual height raised is (H-h). Energy supplied to supply tank = ρ (Q-q) gh . = ω (Q-q)h Energy delivered to the delivery tank = ρ qg (H-h) = ω q(H-h)  

13. Efficiency, η = = This is known as Rankine’s efficiency and its value is always less than D’ Aubuisson’s efficiency.  

14. Some important feature of a hydraulic ram (advantages) No prime mover is required because it runs it self. Simple design Low repair cost Negligible running cost No electricity consumption It work continuously and, therefore gives regular supply Long life Reliable.

15. Disadvantages Large amount of water wasted through waste valve. Its working is noisy. Only suitable for certain sites.

16. application To lift the drinking water from spring to high ground settlement. Use where flowing water is available. It is useful in “hilly area” where large quantity of water flows at low level is needed to be raised for domestic or irrigation purposes.

17. Conclusion Board prospect of utilizing the contry’s abundant surface water The cost of civil work and pipe installation, the initial investment could be high

18. Thank you!!!