hydrocarbon lesson030425lesson030425.pptx

lesson030425

1. H 2 O H 2 SO 4 CO 2 NaCl FeSO 4 CH 4 C 3 H 8 C 6 H 12 O 6 C 6 H 12 O 6 CH3COOH Organic compounds Ino rganic compounds

2. HYDROCARBON

3. What Are Hydrocarbon? HYDROCARBONS are the compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only.

4. 1.1 Classification Of Hydrocarbon Depending upon the types of carbon-carbon bonds present, they can be classified into tree main categories: Saturated Hydrocarbon Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Aromatic Hydrocarbon

5. 1.1.1Saturated Hydrocarbon The hydrocarbon that contain only carbon-carbon single bond is called Saturated Hydrocarbon. These include open chain hydrocarbon as well as closed chain hydrocarbons. These compounds are called saturated because they have maximum number of bonded hydrogen If different carbon atoms are joined together to form an open chain of carbon atoms with single bonds, they are called Alkanes. For example: 2-Methylpropane (Isobutane) If carbon atoms form a closed chain or ring, they are called Cycloalkanes. For example: Cyclopentane

6. 1.1.2 Unsaturated Hydrocarbon The hydrocarbons which contain carbon-carbon multiple bond (Double bonds or triple bond) are called unsturated hydrocarbon. Depending upon multiple bond they are further classified as alkenes and alkynes. Alkenes : The se are hydrocarbon which contain at least one carbon-carbon bond. For example: Ethene Alkynes : These are hydrocarbons which contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. For example: Ethylene

7. 1.1.3 Aromatic hydrocarbon The hydrocarbons which contain at least one special type of hexagonal ring of carbon atoms with three double bond in the alternate positions are called aromatic hydrocarbon. The ring is called aromatic ring. For example: i) Toluene ii) o-Xylene The aromatic compounds may also contain more than one benzene rings. For example: i) Naphthalene ii) Anthracene

8. T ypes of Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon Type Characteristic Group Example Saturated Hydrocarbon: Alkanes No double or Triple Bond CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 Propane Unsaturated Hydrocarbon: Alkenes Alkynes Double Bond Triple Bond CH 3 –CH═ CH 2 Propene CH 3 −C≡CH Propyne Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Benzene ring Methyl Benzene