Hydrocephalus in neonates -Marwa Chehadeh.pptx

Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain’s ventricles, leading to an increase in intracranial pressure

1. Hydrocephalus and VP shunt care Presented by Marwa Chehadeh (RN)

2. INTRODUCTION 01 What is Hydrocephalus?

3. I s a neurological condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of  cerebrospinal fluid  (CSF) within the brain’s ventricles, leading to an increase in intracranial pressure. Hydrocephalus

4. Statistics and Incidences The incidence of congenital hydrocephalus is 3 per 1, 000 live births ; T he incidence of acquired hydrocephalus is not known exactly due to the variety of disorders that may cause it.

5. Hydrocephalus  can be detected as early as the latter part of the first trimester.   Around 20 to 24 weeks, abnormal dilation of the ventricles are more clearly detectable . Risk Factors: Consanguinity, maternal diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension , family history of hydrocephalus, drugs intake during pregnancy, lack of prenatal, and alcohol use. Hydrocephalus during pregnancy

6. Head Injuries Meningitis Developmental Disorders Such as spina bifida or encephalocele Brain tumors Associated with:

7. Obstruction The most common problem is a partial obstruction of the normal flow of CSF, either from one ventricle to another or from the ventricles to other spaces around the brain. T his is often related to inflammation of brain tissues from disease or  injury . T he mechanisms for producing CSF create more than normal and more quickly than it can be absorbed. Causes of THE DISEASE Poor absorption Overproduction

8. Clinical Manifestations

9. Best option to treat hydrocephalus

10. A ventriculo -peritoneal (VP) shunt is a thin plastic tube that helps drain extra cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the  brain . CSF is the saltwater that surrounds and cushions the  brain  and spinal cord. VP shunt

11. How does it work?

12. Infection Staphylococcus epidermidis or intraventricular hemorrhage Complications of VP shunt Intracerebral Malposition 01 02 03

13. Cont’d Abdominal perforation during placement Shunt over drainage 04 05

14. Acute symptoms of malfunction/infection Fever Headache Diplopia Lethargy Nausea Neck rigidity seizure vomiting Tense fontanelle poor feeding

15. Education before discharge Activity and positions. Nutrition And bowel movements. Medications (painkiller or ATBs) Incision care Head circumference Follow up with physician

16. https:// kidshealth.org/en/parents/vp-shunts.html   https://nurseslabs.com/hydrocephalus/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459351/ https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=zy1495 https:// www.aans.org/en/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and- Treatments/Hydrocephalus https ://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9112341/ REFERENCES

17. Do you have any questions ? Please keep this slide for attribution THANKS !