HYDROCOLLATOR PACK by Dr. Aneri.pptx

This presentation will be useful for physiotherapy students to increase their awareness on one of the superficial heating modality.
This will also be helpful for those who wants to reduce their pain.
This presentation will throw a light on hydrocollator pack which is stored in hydrocollator unit.
This will tell you on which principle of heat tranfer will hydrocollator pack is used.
This presentation will increase focus on indication and contraindications of hydrocollator packs with their advantages and disadvantages moreover will tells you about its danger and precautions.
This presentation will give you the information of physiological effects of hydrocollator packs.
This will contribute in your knowledge for method of application: patient preparation, apparatus preparation & its application.

1. HYDROCOLLATOR PACK DR. ANERI PATWARI MPT-CARDIORESPIRATORY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

2. BEFORE APPLICATION OF ANY THERMAL MODALITY ASSESS FOR THERMAL SENSATION

3. INTRODUCTION The hydrocollator packs are first introduced in 1947 Hot packs  are the packs which are immersed in an apparatus called HYDROCOLLATOR UNIT  Commercial hot packs is one of the most common ways to deliver superficial moist heat The use of moist heat as a therapeutic agent is one of the oldest forms of medicine

4. PRINCIPLE Hot   Packs are a way of transferring heat to the patient by conduction It is a process by which heat is transferred from the hotter end to the colder end of an object. The law of heat conduction, also known as  Fourier's law , states that the rate of heat transfer through a material is proportional to the negative gradient in the temperature and to the area, at right angles to that gradient, through which the heat flows q= -K ∇T where (including the SI units) Q is the local heat flux density, W/m 2 , K is the material's conductivity, W/( m·K ), ∇T is the temperature gradient, K/m.

5. INTRODUCTION The hydro-collator unit is a stainless steel tank in which silica gel packs or BENTONITE crystal packs are heated. The capacities of the machines vary, and all units have insulated bases, the larger machines being insulated with fiberglass. The units contain a wire rack which acts as divider for the packs and prevents contact of packs with the bottom of the tank. These   packs are stored in thermostatically controlled and maintains water in the unit at a temperature between 70°C and 80°C. It can be left on continuously as long as there is enough water in the tank. A hydrocollator pack is good in any situation that requires penetrating heat.

6. INTRODUCTION A  hydro collator pack is a fabric envelope containing silica gel or BENTONITE crystal packs . The main property of the gel or crystal is its capability to absorb many times its own volume of water provides a considerable store of heat energy. These   packs are heated in a hydro-collator unit. It give moist heat for 30 to 40 minutes Packs come in various sizes and shape

7. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS

8. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS  Neuromuscular  effect : Increased NCV, Increased pain threshold Changes in muscle strength Metabolic effect : Increased metabolic rate Tissue extensibility: Increased tissue extensibility

9. ADVANTAGES A hydro-collator pack is easy to apply The packs are of various sizes which fit most clinical needs. Moist heat has a more sedative effect than dry heat. low cost, minimal maintenance, long life Maximal temperatures are more uniform than in electrically-heated pads. The patient does not need much handling. The pads can be laid out ready for the patient to place on the affected part. DIS-ADVANTAGES   A hydro-collator pack is not easily applied around shoulders and hips. It is somewhat heavy and should not be used on extremely sensitive patients, since it can create discomfort. Sometimes moist packs have a tendency to cause a skin rash

10. DANGERS & PRECAUTIONS BURNS  may occur due to Insufficient toweling The temperature of the pack could be too high Impaired circulation DEHYDRATION – Excessive sweating may produce dehydration

11. METHODS OF APPLICATION Preparation of the apparatus preparation of the patient Application of the hot pack

12. PREPARATION OF THE APPARATUS Select the hot pack of particular size depending upon the area to be treated. select the towel of particular size so that 4-8 layers of towel can be maintained b/w the pack & skin , this is required to maintain the temp. within 42˚C , although the pack is in a temp. of about 75˚C . A plastic sheet is required b/w the towel & the pack that prevents the towel from getting wet & enhances the insulating effect.

13. PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT The patient should be explained about the treatment. The part to be treated is undressed . Any jewelry present over the part to be treated is removed and the patient’s skin is tested for thermal sensation . Any other contraindications to treatment are also checked. The patient’s part to be treated is positioned in the required position of therapy.

14. APPLICATION OF THE HOT PACK The gel pack is taken out from the tank & is shaken to remove the excess water. A plastic sheet is put over the pack & a dry towel is wrapped around. They wrapped in Turkish towels ; Special / commercial terry cloth blankets Large packs may be wrapped in bath blankets , The packs last about six months . When they begin to wear out the filler leaks out and makes the water cloudy; they should then be replaced. The   pack is applied to the body after being wrapped adequately in toweling or blankets. This provides THERMAL INSULATION

15. APPLICATION OF THE HOT PACK The pack is placed over the part to be treated and kept in position for 20-30 minutes . A bell/other calling devices may be given to the patient , so that he/she can ask for help is there is any discomfort. After the treatment is over , remove the pack & inspect the treatment area. Monitor the initial response from the patient to treatment during the first 5 to 10 min ask the patient for feedback & by visually inspecting the skin. If necessary, adjust the layers of toweling. During the treatment maintain the position of hot pack ensure that it does not exacerbate pain, produce discomfort or occlude circulation.

16. INDICATIONS Pain Muscle spasm. Odema . CONTRAINDICATIONS Impaired skin  sensation. Circulatory dysfunction. Recent haemmorhage . Infections and open wounds. Cancer and Tuberculosis. Skin allergy. Deep x-ray therapy. Lack of comprehension. Analgesic drugs.

17. CARE OF UNIT The unit should be cleaned periodically. The water level should be kept up to 3/4th full of water or slightly over the top of the packs at all times.

18. SUMMARY