Hypertension highg bp-2nd_yearr_(k1).pptx

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1. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HYPERTENSION SUBMITTED TO:- Mr. Shine Stephen Tutor/CI College Of Nursing AIIMS BBSR SUBMITTED BY:- Gayatri Roll no.19 B.Sc(H) Nursing 4th Year

2. INTRODUCTION •HYPERTENSION is usually defined as the blood pressure above 140/90mmHg. •It is a "silent killer disease". •There is a direct relation between cardiovascular risk and blood pressure.

3. PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN INDIA

4. CLASSIFICATION OF HYPERTENSION 1) Hypertension 2) Grade 1 hypertension 3) Grade 2 hypertension 4) Grade 3 hypertension 5) Isolated systolic hypertension

5. RULE OF HALVES •only 1/2 have been diagnosed. •only 1/2 of those diagnosed have been treated. •only 1/2 of those treated are adequately controlled.

6. RISK FACTORS OF HYPERTENSION •MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS OBESITY

7. EXCESSIVE SALT INTAKE

8. SATURATED FAT Eggs Coconut oil, Olive oil Animal foods Almonds

9. ALCOHOL

10. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

11. •NON- MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS –Age –Gender –Genetic factors –Family history of hypertension

12. COMMON SYMPTOMS OF HYPERTENSION –Early morning headaches –Nosebleeds –Irregular heart rhythms –Vision changes –Nausea and vomiting –Anxiety and confusion

13. PREVENTION OF HYPERTENSION 1) PRIMARY PREVENTION- – All measures to reduce the incidence of hypertension in a population by reducing the risk of onset. –It includes two strategies:- •Population strategy •High- risk strategy

14. HIGH-RISK STRATEGY AIM: To prevent attainment of levels of BP at which institution of treatment would be considered. •Detect high risk cases by optimum use of clinical methods:- – Family history of hypertension –tracking of BP

15. 2) SECONDARY PREVENTION TREATMENT EARLY CASE DETECTION PATIENT COMPLIANCE

16. COMPLICATIONS OF HYPERTENSION •Chest pain, also called angina •Heart attack •Stroke •Retinopathy •Kidney failure

17. SUMMARY

18. ANY DOUBT???

19. EVALUATION Q) What is isolated systolic hypertension? a)Systolic BP≥ 142mmHg Diastolic BP≥ 80mmHg b)Systolic BP≥ 140mmHg Diastolic BP< 90mmHg c)Systolic BP≥ 130mmHg Diastolic BP<80mmHg

20. ANSWER:- (b)Systolic BP≥ 140mmHg Diastolic BP< 90mmHg

21. Q) What are the strategies comes under primary prevention? ANSWER:- 1) Population strategy 2) High-risk strategy

22. Q) What lifestyle modifications can be done for hypertensive patients? •low dietary salt intake •avoid high alcohol intake •moderate fat intake •exercise •weight reduction ANSWER:

23. ASSIGNMENT Write an assignment on dietary management (foods to be eaten & foods to be avoided) for hypertensive people and submit to me on 25-11-21 in lt-4 at 2:00pm.

24. REFERENCES Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 25th edition, page no.403-407 Brunner and Suddharth's textbook of medical-surgical nursing, South Asian edition, page no.679-682 Hypertension.key fact. 13 September 2019 {website } (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension,acceessed 31March 2021

25. •Govt. Of India(2018), National Family Health Survey-4, Ministry of health and family welfare, New Delhi. •https://www.paho.org/en/events 2021-who-guideline-pharmacological-treatment-hypertension-lets-implement-it-now.